Reconhecimento de padrão na biodisponibilidade do ferro utilizando o Algoritmo Fuzzy C-Means

Este trabalho apresenta um método para reconhecimento do padrão na biodisponibilidade do ferro, através da interação com substâncias que auxiliam a absorção como vitamina C e vitamina A e nutrientes inibidores como cálcio, fitato, oxalato, tanino e cafeína. Os dados foram obtidos através de inquérito alimentar, almoço e jantar, em crianças de 2 a 5 anos da única Creche Municipal de Paraty-RJ entre 2007 e 2008. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) foi aplicada na seleção dos nutrientes e utilizou-se o Algoritmo Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) para criar os agrupamentos classificados de acordo com a biodisponibilidade do ferro. Uma análise de sensibilidade foi desenvolvida na tentativa de buscar quantidades limítrofes de cálcio a serem consumidas nas refeições. A ACP mostrou que no almoço os nutrientes que explicavam melhor a variabilidade do modelo foram ferro, vitamina C, fitato e oxalato, enquanto no jantar o cálcio se mostrou eficaz na determinação da variabilidade do modelo devido ao elevado consumo de leite e derivados. Para o almoço, a aplicação do FCM na interação dos nutrientes, notou-se que a ingestão de vitamina C foi determinante na classificação dos grupos. No jantar, a classificação de grupos foi determinada pela quantidade de ferro heme na interação com o cálcio. Na análise de sensibilidade realizada no almoço e no jantar, duas iterações do algoritmo determinaram a interferência total do cálcio na biodisponibilidade do ferro.

Comparison of cerium-doped Lu2Si2O7 and Lu2SiO5 scintillators

In this paper, high optical quality cerium-doped lutetium pyrosilicate(LPS:Ce) crystal has been grown by Czochralski method with the seed oriented along cleavage plane (1 1 0). The structure, segregation coefficient of Ce3+ and optical characterization of LPS:Ce crystal have been compared with those of LSO:Ce crystal. The results show that LPS:Ce has the advantage over LSO:Ce by having a larger segregation coefficient of Ce3+, lower cost of starting material, lower melting point and only one luminescence mechanism. Thus, LPS:Ce crystal offers an attractive alternative to LSO:Ce for scintillator applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comparison of spectroscopic parameters of 15 at% Yb : YAlO3 and 15 at% Yb : Y3Al5O12

Yb: YAlO3 (YAP) (15 at %) and Yb: Y3Al5O12 (YAG)(15 at %) have been grown using the Czochralski method. Their absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured at room temperature and important spectroscopic parameters were calculated. Through the comparison of spectroscopic parameters of Yb:YAP and Yb: YAG, all results indicate that 15 at % Yb:YAP crystal is a potential candidate used for compact, efficient thin chip lasers when the laser output wavelength is 1012 or 103 8 nm. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

On contractive cyclic fuzzy maps in metric spaces and some related results on fuzzy best proximity points and fuzzy fixed points

This paper investigates some properties of cyclic fuzzy maps in metric spaces. The convergence of distances as well as that of sequences being generated as iterates defined by a class of contractive cyclic fuzzy mapping to fuzzy best proximity points of (non-necessarily intersecting adjacent subsets) of the cyclic disposal is studied. An extension is given for the case when the images of the points of a class of contractive cyclic fuzzy mappings restricted to a particular subset of the cyclic disposal are allowed to lie either in the same subset or in its next adjacent one.

A comparison between TGT and Cz grown Nd : YAG

Large sized neodymium-doped Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) laser crystals have been grown by temperature gradient technique (TGT) method and compared with Czochralski (Cz) method. The comparison of these two crystal growth methods has been listed. The results showed that the TGT method has many advantages over the Cz method. The concentration distribution of Nd ions in the crystals was determined and the absorption spectra of these crystals have been investigated and compared. The TGT grown highly doped Nd:YAG crystal has a larger absorption FWHM than that of Cz grown Nd:YAG crysral. Highly doped Nd:YAG (similar to 2.8 at. pct) crystals could be obtained by TGT.