A new extract of the plant Calendula officinalis produces a dual in vitro effect: cytotoxic anti-tumor activity and lymphocyte activation

BACKGROUND Phytopharmacological studies of different Calendula extracts have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-genotoxic properties of therapeutic interest. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities and in vivo anti-tumor effect of Laser Activated Calendula Extract (LACE), a novel extract of the plant Calendula Officinalis (Asteraceae). METHODS An aqueous extract of Calendula Officinalis was obtained by a novel extraction method in order to measure its anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities in vitro. Tumor cell lines derived from leukemias, melanomas, fibrosarcomas and cancers of breast, prostate, cervix, lung, pancreas and colorectal were used and tumor cell proliferation in vitro was measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. Effect of LACE on human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation in vitro was also analyzed. Studies of cell cycle and apoptosis were performed in LACE-treated cells. In vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated in nude mice bearing subcutaneously human Ando-2 melanoma cells. RESULTS The LACE extract showed a potent in vitro inhibition of tumor cell proliferation when tested on a wide variety of human and murine tumor cell lines. The inhibition ranged from 70 to 100%. Mechanisms of inhibition were identified as cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and Caspase-3-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the same extract showed an opposite effect when tested on PBLs and NKL cell line, in which in vitro induction of proliferation and activation of these cells was observed. The intraperitoneal injection or oral administration of LACE extract in nude mice inhibits in vivo tumor growth of Ando-2 melanoma cells and prolongs the survival day of the mice. CONCLUSION These results indicate that LACE aqueous extract has two complementary activities in vitro with potential anti-tumor therapeutic effect: cytotoxic tumor cell activity and lymphocyte activation. The LACE extract presented in vivo anti-tumoral activity in nude mice against tumor growth of Ando-2 melanoma cells.

Postpartum changes in plasma viral load and CD4 percentage among HIV-infected women from Latin American and Caribbean countries: the NISDI Perinatal Study

The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA concentration [viral load (VL)] and CD4+ percentage (CD4%) during 6-12 weeks postpartum (PP) among HIV-infected women and to assess differences according to the reason for receipt of antiretrovirals (ARVs) during pregnancy [prophylaxis (PR) vs. treatment (TR)]. Data from a prospective cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. Women experiencing their first pregnancy who received ARVs for PR (started during pregnancy, stopped PP) or for TR (initiated prior to pregnancy and/or continued PP) were included and were followed PP. Increases in plasma VL (> 0.5 log10) and decreases in CD4% (> 20% relative decrease in CD4%) between hospital discharge (HD) and PP were assessed. Of the 1,229 women enrolled, 1,119 met the inclusion criteria (PR: 601; TR: 518). At enrollment, 87% were asymptomatic. The median CD4% values were: HD [34% (PR); 25% (TR)] and PP [29% (PR); 24% (TR)]. The VL increases were 60% (PR) and 19% (TR) (p < 0.0001). The CD4% decreases were 36% (PR) and 18% (TR) (p < 0.0001). Women receiving PR were more likely to exhibit an increase in VL [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 7.7 (95% CI: 5.5-10.9) and a CD4% decrease (AOR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.6-3.2). Women receiving PR are more likely to have VL increases and CD4% decreases compared to those receiving TR. The clinical implications of these VL and CD4% changes remain to be explored.

Implantació de l’etiqueta ecològica comunitària de l’Hotel Melià Girona

Estudi sobre les mesures que l’hotel Melià de Girona hauria d’adoptar per tal d’assolir l’etiqueta ecològica comunitària (EEC). També es fa una anàlisi comparativa entre aquesta ecoetiqueta i el sistema de gestió que utilitza actualment l’hotel (EMAS: Eco-Management and Audit Scheme)

La Connectivitat biològica entre el massís de l' Albera i el massís de les Salines: una aproximació des de la fauna vertebrada

Aquest projecte pretén estudiar la falta de connectivitat biològica entre la serra de l' Albera i el massís de les Salines (Pirineu empordanès)

Les Construccions atributives, locatives, existencials i possessives en espanyol i en romanès: Descripció i adquisició de segones llengües

Aquest treball pretén analitzar les característiques de les construccions atributives, locatives, existencials i possessives (abreujadament ALEP) de cinc llengües romàniques: el català, l’espanyol, el romanès, el portuguès i l’italià. També s’analitza l’adquisició d’aquestes construccions en català i en espanyol L2 per part de parlants que tenen el romanès, el portuguès o l’italià com a L1. El treball de recerca se centrarà en l’estudi de l’espanyol i del romanès i a la tesi s’ampliarà l’estudi amb la resta de llengües

Genome-wide association study of multiple sclerosis confirms a novel locus at 5p13.1.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common progressive and disabling neurological condition affecting young adults in the world today. From a genetic point of view, MS is a complex disorder resulting from the combination of genetic and non-genetic factors. We aimed to identify previously unidentified loci conducting a new GWAS of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in a sample of 296 MS cases and 801 controls from the Spanish population. Meta-analysis of our data in combination with previous GWAS was done. A total of 17 GWAS-significant SNPs, corresponding to three different loci were identified:HLA, IL2RA, and 5p13.1. All three have been previously reported as GWAS-significant. We confirmed our observation in 5p13.1 for rs9292777 using two additional independent Spanish samples to make a total of 4912 MS cases and 7498 controls (ORpooled = 0.84; 95%CI: 0.80-0.89; p = 1.36 × 10-9). This SNP differs from the one reported within this locus in a recent GWAS. Although it is unclear whether both signals are tapping the same genetic association, it seems clear that this locus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MS.

Is a Virtual Library cost effective?

The Andalusian Public Health System Virtual Library (Biblioteca Virtual del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía, BV-SSPA), was created in June 2006. In this paper an evaluation is made to see whether the investment made by the Andalusian Government has been worthwhile. The cost-effectiveness and efficiency of the project together with the management criteria are explored.

Executive functions profile in extreme eating/weight conditions: from anorexia nervosa to obesity.

BACKGROUND Extreme weight conditions (EWC) groups along a continuum may share some biological risk factors and intermediate neurocognitive phenotypes. A core cognitive trait in EWC appears to be executive dysfunction, with a focus on decision making, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Differences between individuals in these areas are likely to contribute to the differences in vulnerability to EWC. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a common pattern of executive dysfunction in EWC while comparing anorexia nervosa patients (AN), obese subjects (OB) and healthy eating/weight controls (HC). METHODS Thirty five AN patients, fifty two OB and one hundred thirty seven HC were compared using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST); Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT); and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). All participants were female, aged between 18 and 60 years. RESULTS There was a significant difference in IGT score (F(1.79); p<.001), with AN and OB groups showing the poorest performance compared to HC. On the WCST, AN and OB made significantly more errors than controls (F(25.73); p<.001), and had significantly fewer correct responses (F(2.71); p<.001). Post hoc analysis revealed that the two clinical groups were not significantly different from each other. Finally, OB showed a significant reduced performance in the inhibition response measured with the Stroop test (F(5.11); p<.001) compared with both AN and HC. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that EWC subjects (namely AN and OB) have similar dysfunctional executive profile that may play a role in the development and maintenance of such disorders.

Benznidazole levels in blood vary with age in rats

Benznidazole (Bz) exhibits toxic side effects in animal studies and clinical use. Reductive metabolism of Bz in liver microsomes modulates the duration of its chemotherapeutic effect and its toxicity. The rate of this metabolism depends on age and is less intense in newborns and youngsters than in adults. In the present study, we determined Bz blood levels in rats of different ages that received Bz intragastrically (100 mg/kg). We developed and validated a high-pressure liquid chromatography with UV detector method for determination of Bz levels in whole blood. Bz levels were significantly higher and persisted for longer periods of time in the blood of young rats when compared to that of adult animals.

Pla de difusió de la zona d'interès etnològic de Calonge i Vall-llobrega

Projecte on es desenvolupa el pla de difusió del futur Bé Cultural d'Interès Nacional (BCNI) en la seva categoria de Zona d'Interès Etnològic (ZIE) de Calonge i Vall-llobrega, basat en la tradició de la pagesia en el policultiui i especialment en l'elaboració del vi de forma ancestral, tal i com ja el feien als segles XVIII i XIX

Projecte de gestió de Sa Canova i es Canons

En primer lloc es fa una descripció dels espais que s’estudien: dues finques de futura propietat pública situades al litoral del municipi d’Artà a Mallorca: Sa Canova i Es Canons. Seguidament s’exposen els objectius del projecte: redacció d’un document base que serveixi com a guia per tal d’assolir una correcta ordenació basada en la conservació. S’estudia la seva problemàtica: la falta de gestió i l’ús incontrolat que s’ha fet de aquests dos espais ha provocat tot un seguit d’impactes negatius sobre el medi i finalment es proposen una sèrie d’actuacions

L'Explotació d'audiovisuals i la gestió de drets d'autor en els establiments hotelers

Estudi sobre el tractament de la propietat intel•lectual i els drets d’autor en el sector turístic hotelera, amb l’objectiu d’esbrinar com funciona aquesta gestió. S’incideix més en l´’us de les televisions en les habitacions d’hotel, i en quins criteris utilitzen les entitats de gestió per exigir aquest dret. Es proposen alternatives als establiments hotelers a partir dels criteris dels tribunals

Disseny d’una metodologia per conèixer el perfil dels usuaris del turisme rural a les comarques de Girona

Treball final de carrera què vol determinar quins mètodes haurà de seguir l’ Associació de Turisme Rural Girona per conèixer el perfil del turista rural a les comarques gironines. En aquesta investigació es determina quin és el model d’ enquesta a seguir i la seva correcta distribució

Els Blocs com a eina per fomentar la inclusió social de les persones amb discapacitat intel·lectual: l’experiència del bloc “Mogudes de Tresc”

La inclusió social de les persones amb discapacitat és avui encara un tema pendent, ja que les activitats socials i interpersonals en el col·lectiu són escasses. Diversos estudis demostren que, malgrat es potencia la inserció laboral de les persones amb discapacitat en entorns ordinaris, no es donen millores substancials en altres qüestions relatives a la seva inclusió social

Teràpia assistida per cavalls: proposta d’intervenció educativa en equitació terapèutica

La utilització d’animals com a agents terapèutics és una opció existent des de fa molts anys. Persones amb diferents tipus de deficiències i discapacitats, tant físiques com psíquiques, s’han beneficiat d’aquestes teràpies alternatives ja sigui amb gossos, gats, ocells, dofins o cavalls. Els cavalls, en concret, ofereixen moltes i interessant possibilitats educatives, terapèutiques i rehabilitadores a uns col•lectius que, per diverses raons, necessiten algun tipus de suport