L'ús de la cançó per a potenciar el desenvolupament del llenguatge d'un nen autista

L’ús de la cançó per a potenciar el desenvolupament del llenguatge d’un nen autista és un projecte que pretén donar una visió de la música com a eina per al desenvolupament del llenguatge verbal i no verbal dels nens amb diagnòstic de TEA (Trastorn de l’Espectre Autista). Busca també fer una revisió bibliogràfica en aquest camp per conèixer i relacionar una mica més aquests móns sovint desconeguts. Finalment, presenta un programa d’intervenció adreçat específicament a quatre alumnes amb TEA, amb necessitats i objectius diferents, amb el pertinent seguiment, anàlisi de les dades recollides durant la intervenció, conclusions, i noves vies de treball que es podrien dur a terme.

Landmark detection for fusion of fundus and MRI toward a patient-specific multimodal eye model.

Ophthalmologists typically acquire different image modalities to diagnose eye pathologies. They comprise, e.g., Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Yet, these images are often complementary and do express the same pathologies in a different way. Some pathologies are only visible in a particular modality. Thus, it is beneficial for the ophthalmologist to have these modalities fused into a single patient-specific model. The goal of this paper is a fusion of Fundus photography with segmented MRI volumes. This adds information to MRI that was not visible before like vessels and the macula. This paper contributions include automatic detection of the optic disc, the fovea, the optic axis, and an automatic segmentation of the vitreous humor of the eye.

The psychosocial impacts caused by diagnosis and treatment of Coeliac Disease

Abstract OBJECTIVE To comprehend the psychosocial effects that Coeliac Disease diagnosis entails. METHOD Qualitative study, achieved through semi-structured interviews, analyzed in accordance to the Association of ideas map Technique. A total 12 recently-diagnosed patients from the Centro de diagnóstico, tratamento e apoio ao paciente com doença celíaca (Coeliac Disease Prevention, Support and Treatment Diagnose Centre) from the Hospital Universitário de Brasília (University Hospital of Brasilia) were enrolled for the study, between the years of 2013 and 2014. RESULTS The interviewed patients presented negative impacts in three categories: psychoaffective, family and social relationships, indicating issues with social readaptation once the treatment had started, as well as difficulty coping with a gluten free diet. CONCLUSION Coeliac Disease holds substantial impact on psychological functions, family and social relationships to diagnosed patients, requiring a clinical biopsychological assistance for better adherence to treatment and patients quality of life.

Oxidative and glycogenolytic cCapacities within the developing chick heart.

Cardiac morphogenesis and function are known to depend on both aerobic and anaerobic energy-producing pathways. However, the relative contribution of mitochondrial oxidation and glycogenolysis, as well as the determining factors of oxygen demand in the distinct chambers of the embryonic heart, remains to be investigated. Spontaneously beating hearts isolated from stage 11, 20, and 24HH chick embryos were maintained in vitro under controlled metabolic conditions. O(2) uptake and glycogenolytic rate were determined in atrium, ventricle, and conotruncus in the absence or presence of glucose. Oxidative capacity ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 nmol O(2)/(h.microg protein), did not depend on exogenous glucose, and was the highest in atria at stage 20HH. However, the highest reserves of oxidative capacity, assessed by mitochondrial uncoupling, were found at the youngest stage and in conotruncus, representing 75 to 130% of the control values. At stage 24HH, glycogenolysis in glucose-free medium was 0.22, 0.17, and 0.04 nmol glucose U(h.microg protein) in atrium, ventricle, and conotruncus, respectively. Mechanical loading of the ventricle increased its oxidative capacity by 62% without altering glycogenolysis or lactate production. Blockade of glycolysis by iodoacetate suppressed lactate production but modified neither O(2) nor glycogen consumption in substrate-free medium. These findings indicate that atrium is the cardiac chamber that best utilizes its oxidative and glycogenolytic capacities and that ventricular wall stretch represents an early and major determinant of the O(2) uptake. Moreover, the fact that O(2) and glycogen consumptions were not affected by inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase provides indirect evidence for an active glycerol-phosphate shuttle in the embryonic cardiomyocytes.

Tolerance of whitefish embryos to Pseudomonas fluorescens linked to genetic and maternal effects, and reduced by previous exposure.

Juvenile or adult fish can alter their behaviour and rely on an innate and adaptive immune system to avoid/counteract pathogens, while fish embryos have to depend on egg characteristics and may be partly protected by their developing immune system that is building up from a certain age on. We developed an infection protocol that allows testing the reaction of individual whitefish embryos (Coregonus palaea) to repeated exposures to Pseudomonas fluorescens, an opportunistic bacterial fish pathogen. We used a full-factorial in vitro breeding design to separately test the effects of paternal and maternal contributions to the embryos' susceptibility to different kinds of pathogen exposure. We found that a first non-lethal exposure had immunosuppressive effects: pre-exposed embryos were more susceptible to future challenges with the same pathogen. At intermediate and high levels of pathogen intensity, maternal effects turned out to be crucial for the embryos' tolerance to infection. Paternal (i.e. genetic) effects played a significant role at the strongest level of infection, i.e. the embryos' own genetics already explained some of the variation in embryo susceptibility. Our findings suggest that whitefish embryos are largely protected by maternally transmitted substances, but build up some own innate immunocompetence several days before hatching.

Revisão taxonômica das espécies brasileiras de abelhas do gênero Lestrimelitta Friese (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponina)

Revisão taxonômica das espécies de abelhas do gênero Lestrimelitta Friese (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponina) que ocorrem no Brasil. Com base em caracteres morfológicos, como aqueles relacionados com a pilosidade, o formato do espiráculo propodeal, as distâncias interorbitais e o comprimento do esporão mesotibial, são reconhecidas catorze espécies, seis das quais novas para a Ciência: L. ciliata. sp. nov., L. maracaia sp. nov., L. similis sp. nov., L. spinosa sp. nov., L sulina. sp. nov. e L. tropica sp. nov. São designados lectótipos para Trigona (Lestrimelitta) limao var. rufipes Friese, 1903 e Trigona (Lestrimelitta) limao var. rufa Friese, 1903. O macho de L. limao (Smith, 1863) é descrito pela primeira vez. É apresentada também uma diagnose das seguintes espécies: L. ehrhardti Friese, 1931; L. glaberrima Oliveira & Marchi, 2005; L. glabrata Camargo & Moure, 1989; L. monodonta Camargo & Moure, 1989; e L. nana Melo, 2003. São apresentados chaves de identificação para operárias e machos, ilustrações e mapas de ocorrência.

Análise do número de cerdas internas do órgão de Haller de larvas de Amblyomma nodosum Neumann (Acari, Ixodidae)

A partir de teleógina de Amblyomma nodosum Neumann, 1899, removida de Tamandua tetradactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) foram obtidas posturas que originaram larvas, em condições de laboratório. Um total de 219 larvas foi examinado em microscopia de luz, com objetiva de imersão e microscopia de confocal com varredura a laser. Buscou-se analisar a variação do número das cerdas internas dos lados direito e esquerdo, no fundo da cápsula do Órgão de Haller, com intuito de utilizá-las como um parâmetro quetotáxico na diagnose específica. A média do número de cerdas foi 5,06±0, 71, com valores limites da amplitude de 4-11.

Ejaculation failure on the day of oocyte retrieval for IVF: case report.

Unexpected ejaculation failure on the day of oocyte retrieval for IVF occurs once or twice a year in our Reproductive Medicine Unit, where approximately 500 oocyte retrievals are performed each year. Two clinical situations which occurred in 2001 are presented. In the first case, sperm were finally obtained by epididymal aspiration and resulted in the fertilization of five oocytes by ICSI. The transfer of two fresh embryos did not result in a pregnancy and the three supernumerary zygotes were cryopreserved. The male patient presented an anxio-depressive episode necessitating psychiatric hospitalization 1 week after the oocyte retrieval. In the second case, no sperm were obtained and the four oocytes were therefore lost. The couple went through a crisis in their relationship and tried another cycle of IVF 10 months later, after the preventive cryopreservation of a sperm sample. On the day of oocyte retrieval the patient was unable to produce a fresh sample but three zygotes were obtained through ICSI using the back-up cryopreserved sperm. Two embryos were transferred but no pregnancy ensued. The clinical decision-making processes for these two cases are described, as well as the measures employed to help prevent these unfortunate situations.

O gênero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictórica para os adultos

Chinavia Orian é um dos gêneros mais diversos da subfamília Pentatominae, distribuído nas regiões Afrotropical, Neártica e Neotropical. Para o Brasil, são conhecidas 32 espécies, dentre as quais 18 são endêmicas. Do total de espécies com registro para o Brasil, 18 têm algum tipo de registro com plantas-hospedeiras, a maioria delas cultivadas; apenas seis espécies têm os imaturos conhecidos ou algum aspecto de sua biologia estudado. Neste trabalho, é fornecida uma chave pictórica para os adultos das espécies registradas no Brasil, acompanhada da diagnose comparada de cada uma delas, além das informações disponíveis na literatura sobre imaturos e biologia das espécies. Duas novas sinonímias são propostas: Acrosternum (Chinavia) bellum Rolston, 1983 é sinônimo júnior de Chinavia nigrodorsata (Breddin, 1903) e Acrosternum (Chinavia) panizzii Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001 é sinônimo júnior de Chinavia obstinata (Stål, 1860). Chinavia nigritarsis (Stål, 1872), anteriormente considerada sinônimo júnior de Chinavia gravis (Walker, 1867), é revalidada. Fotografias coloridas do aspecto dorsal de todas as espécies são fornecidas, a maioria delas confeccionadas a partir do material-tipo estudado. Novos registros de distribuição geográfica e de associação com plantas-hospedeiras no Brasil são apresentados.