Las relaciones entre la Municipalidad de La Plata y las organizaciones sin fines de lucro de carácter barrial, desde la política social

El trabajo consiste en dar cuenta de las relaciones existentes entre el Estado Municipal de La Plata y las organizaciones sin fines de lucro de carácter barrial, en la esfera de la política social aplicada. Específicamente se intenta esclarecer las relaciones que la Municipalidad de La Plata tiene con los comedores comunitarios que tienen personería jurídica y perciben recursos provenientes o administrados por la Municipalidad para su funcionamiento. El método utilizado es el estudio de casos. Se eligieron tres comedores, no elegidos al azar, sino por ser considerados por la Subsecretaria de Desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad de La Plata, los de mejor funcionamiento. Se realizaron en ellos entrevistas semiestructuradas a los directores de los comedores, a sus usuarios y a personas que viven en los sitios donde se ubican los comedores. También se realizo dentro de los comedores un trabajo previo de observación participante. Por otro lado se entrevisto abiertamente a empleados profesionales ubicados en puestos claves de la Subsecretaria de desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad de La Plata. Las relaciones entre el municipio y los comedores comunitarios, aparecen en la práctica, como autoritarias, verticalistas y clientelísticas. La política del municipio y sus modalidades de gestión y ejecución están previstas para coartar cualquier intento de participación social. Las políticas del municipio definen a los sujetos como meros beneficiarios, asistencializados, a los que hay que coartar y cooptar, para evitar la asociación de estos, por ser catalogados como peligrosos

La racionalidad ampliada e integradora aplicada a los estudios sociales y a las ciencias ambientales

Los cambios de paradigma en las ciencias sociales generan polémicos debates a la hora de la decisión entre diversos modelos de investigación en los niveles epistemológicos y metodológicos Desde este trabajo se intenta describir y justificar la complementariedad de los enfoques epistemológicos y la pluralidad metodológica para un mejor abordaje de la compleja problemática de las ciencias sociales contemporáneas y del complejo objeto de los estudio ambientales. Mediante las nuevas epistemologías se pueden justificar apropiadas decisiones en la elección de los modelos y el pluralismo metodológico que permite abordar los diversos campos con que se relaciona la complejidad problemática del objeto

Las relaciones entre la Municipalidad de La Plata y las organizaciones sin fines de lucro de carácter barrial, desde la política social

El trabajo consiste en dar cuenta de las relaciones existentes entre el Estado Municipal de La Plata y las organizaciones sin fines de lucro de carácter barrial, en la esfera de la política social aplicada. Específicamente se intenta esclarecer las relaciones que la Municipalidad de La Plata tiene con los comedores comunitarios que tienen personería jurídica y perciben recursos provenientes o administrados por la Municipalidad para su funcionamiento. El método utilizado es el estudio de casos. Se eligieron tres comedores, no elegidos al azar, sino por ser considerados por la Subsecretaria de Desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad de La Plata, los de mejor funcionamiento. Se realizaron en ellos entrevistas semiestructuradas a los directores de los comedores, a sus usuarios y a personas que viven en los sitios donde se ubican los comedores. También se realizo dentro de los comedores un trabajo previo de observación participante. Por otro lado se entrevisto abiertamente a empleados profesionales ubicados en puestos claves de la Subsecretaria de desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad de La Plata. Las relaciones entre el municipio y los comedores comunitarios, aparecen en la práctica, como autoritarias, verticalistas y clientelísticas. La política del municipio y sus modalidades de gestión y ejecución están previstas para coartar cualquier intento de participación social. Las políticas del municipio definen a los sujetos como meros beneficiarios, asistencializados, a los que hay que coartar y cooptar, para evitar la asociación de estos, por ser catalogados como peligrosos

Social economy, youth and employment

Organizations of the Social Economy in Spain accounted for 13% of employment and 12% of GDP in 2013, according to the Spanish Confederation fo Social Economy. Also, according to various institutions and studies, the role of Social Economy has become relevant due to they represent a model promoting the creation of collective business projects with greater sustainability and potential than models of individual self-employment. However, despite all this, there are few academic studies or sectoral reports analyzing employment in this sector, especially in the case of youth employment. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature analyzing the scared available data in order to show the numbers and characteristics of youth employment in this sector. Results show the weight of youth employment in the Social Economy is higher than the economy overall.

Questioning the merits and demerits of electronic communication in Social Work

This paper examines the social dynamics of electronic exchanges in the human services, particularly in social work. It focuses on the observable effects that email and texting have on the linguistic, relational and clinical rather than managerial aspects of the profession. It highlights how electronic communication is affecting professionals in their practice and learners as they become acculturated to social work. What are the gains and losses of the broad use of electronic devices in daily lay and professional, verbal and non-verbal communication? Will our current situation be seriously detrimental to the demeanor of future practitioners, their use of language, and their ability to establish close personal relationships? The paper analyzes social work linguistic and behavioral changes in light of the growth of electronic communication and offers a summary of merits and demerits viewed through a prism emerging from Baron’s (2000) analysis of human communication.

Community social innovation: a view of experiences of housing occupation from the Social Work perspective

This work aims to reflect on the concept of social innovation, questioning its explanatory capacity for the discipline of social work. For this purpose, certain on-going debates with regard to this concept are examined and certain minimum dimensions are offered to enable an analysis of the social innovation strategies that certain affected groups implement to meet social needs. The approach is to construct «glasses» that permit an analytical engagement with new realities and with the strategies used by certain social groups to resolve situations of severe vulnerability. Finally, a case study is presented: a strategic group known as the Corrala Utopía that seeks to respond to severe housing problems and is developing in the city of Seville. The article highlights the elements of community social innovation emerging from the experience studied.

Breve reflexão teórica acerca da relação entre população e economia

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar uma breve reflexão acerca do debate teórico presente na literatura internacional sobre os efeitos econômicos do envelhecimento populacional, especialmente sobre o mercado de trabalho. Foi adotada para tal uma pesquisa bibliográfica composta por seleção, análise, resumo, complementação e confrontação das referências sobre o assunto. Os impactos econômicos do envelhecimento populacional sobre o mercado de trabalho podem ser caracterizados por seus efeitos diretos e indiretos. Os efeitos diretos impactam o tamanho e a qualidade do emprego. Os efeitos indiretos influenciam na redução dos recursos econômicos necessários para lidar com o envelhecimento, interferem nas decisões dos indivíduos e, ainda, exercem pressão sobre os sistemas de educação, de seguro social e de saúde. Diversos países já estão vivenciando o envelhecimento populacional. Assim, políticas voltadas para a manutenção ou reinserção dos idosos saudáveis no mercado de trabalho podem ser fundamentais para o crescimento econômico futuro destes países.

Gestão de Recursos Humanos no Terceiro Setor: O Caso das Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral estudar a gestão de recursos humanos (GRH) no terceiro setor, focando-se especificamente nas Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social (IPSS). Estas organizações têm vindo a demonstrar um papel cada vez mais relevante nas comunidades em que se inserem, pela sua missão em prestar serviços de cariz social e pela atual relevância como entidades empregadoras. A diversidade presente nas IPSS ao nível da estrutura, funcionamento, dimensão, organização e dinâmicas internas, proporciona o estudo e reflexão das especificidades na GRH. Para isso, abordam-se um conjunto de aspetos: i) diferenças entre meio empresarial e terceiro setor na GRH; ii) implicações da diversidade de respostas sociais e suas especificidades na gestão de pessoas; iii) o papel do Instituto de Segurança Social e as implicações legais na gestão de pessoas; iv) a localização geográfica e acesso a recursos humanos qualificados; v) a perspetiva das IPSS sobre os recursos humanos; vi) o perfil profissional dos colaboradores das IPSS; vii) práticas quotidianas na gestão de recursos humanos nas IPSS; viii) características da GRH nas IPSS (administrativa ou estratégica); ix) responsáveis pela GRH nas IPSS; x) o papel dos órgãos sociais na GRH; xi) profissionalização versus voluntariado; xii) a GRH, certificação e qualidade; xiii) as tendências do terceiro setor na gestão de pessoas. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa e aplicada a técnica de entrevista para recolher o conhecimento, experiências e perspetivas de diferentes interlocutores do terceiro setor, dirigentes, técnicos superiores, diretores de serviço, investigadores e representantes nacionais e distritais das IPSS. Da sistematização e análise dos dados recolhidos retiraram-se várias conclusões. As pessoas são consideradas o recurso mais importante para estas organizações, pela natureza social e humana das atividades desenvolvidas, prestadas por pessoas e destinadas a pessoas. Neste sentido, é demonstrada a importância do potencial humano aquando do recrutamento e seleção, pela primazia de requisitos como o relacionamento interpessoal em detrimento das qualificações. O perfil profissional característico das IPSS reconhece a importância da polivalência, disponibilidade, comprometimento, confiança, proximidade afetiva, voluntarismo e sentido de missão dos colaboradores, os quais tendem a ser são vistos como investimento tanto quanto reúnam estes aspetos; caso contrário podem ser encarados como custo. Quanto à acessibilidade a recursos humanos, surgem diferentes modalidades, consoante fatores de localização, dimensão, formação e estrutura organizacional, bem como o fenómeno da fuga de mão de obra, indício da dificuldade em captar e reter recursos humanos. O modelo de GRH nas IPSS é de cariz tradicional, caracterizado por uma gestão porimproviso com diferentes níveis de sensibilidade e capacidade das IPSS, no que concerne à implementação de processos de GRH, tais como sistemas de progressão na carreira, recrutamento interno e sistemas de avaliação de desempenho. Quanto aos aspetos da motivação e satisfação profissional, é assumida a importância da proximidade e apoio aos colaboradores, indicativos de um sistema de recompensas informal. É percetível a resistência na aplicação de técnicas de desenvolvimento organizacional, comprovada pela limitação na formação dos quadros de colaboradores. No entanto as IPSS são confrontadas com a rigidez dos instrumentos legais. A responsabilidade pela GRH é mais ou menos partilhada entre a direção técnica e os órgãos sociais, condicionada pelo estilo de liderança e relação de confiança entre si, em norma, pouco clara quanto aos papéis e funções desempenhadas. Por fim, é percebida a necessidade de coexistência de uma gestão profissionalizada e de direções voluntárias mais capacitadas e sensibilizadas para o desenvolvimento de metodologias e estratégias de gestão de pessoas, adaptadas às especificidades das IPSS. Este trabalho pretende contribuir com um espaço de reflexão para a elaboração de respostas mais eficazes e inovadoras que proporcionem o desenvolvimento organizacional, face às necessidades e transformações do terceiro setor. / This work main objective is the study of human resource management (HRM) in the third sector. It is focused specifically on Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social [Private Institutions for Social Solidarity] (IPSS). These kind of organizations have demonstrated an increased value in the communities they are inserted in, by providing social care services and by generating new jobs in the local communities. The study and reflection of HRM specificities is based on the variety in the structure, the purpose, the size, the internal organization and the dynamics of the different IPSS. For this purpose we explored the following aspects : i) the differences between business community and the third sector in HRM; ii) the implications of social responses diversity in people management; iii) the role of the National Insurance Institute and the legal impact on people management; iv) the geographic location and the IPSS access to skilled human resources; v) the understanding of IPSS on human resources; vi) the professional profile of IPSS employees; vii) the daily practices in human resource management on the IPSS; viii) the characteristics of HRM in IPSS (managerial or strategic); ix) who is responsible for HRM in IPSS; x) the role of executive board in HRM; xi) professionalization versus voluntary work; xii) HRM, quality and certification; xiii) the third sector trends in people management. The qualitative method and the interview technique were applied in order to gather knowledge, experiences and perspectives from several sources such as, different partners of the third sector, managers, service directors, technicians, researchers and national and local IPSS representatives. The results indicate several conclusions. Firstly the human resources are the most important resource of IPSS organizations due to the social nature of the services provided by them but also the importance of, the individual and social, skills required for these activities that are provided by people and are directed to people. This demonstrates the importance of interpersonal skills over professional qualifications during recruitment and selection. The IPSS recognize in their professionals the importance of versatility, availability, commitment, confidence, emotional proximity, voluntarism and sense of mission. If an employee fulfills these requirements, is considered an investment; otherwise might be seen as a cost. Regarding the accessibility of IPSS to qualified human resources, we consider different models, depending on location, size and training and organizational structure as well as the phenomenon run of hand labor, defined as the index of difficulty in capturing and retaining human resources. The model of HRM in IPSS is traditional in its nature and is characterized by management based on improvisation at different levels, regarding the implementation ofHRM processes such as career advancement systems, internal recruitment and performance evaluation. In regards to motivation and job satisfaction, it is valued the proximity and the support to the employees, showing therefore an informal system of rewards. There is a noticeable resistance to the application of organizational techniques which is demonstrated by controlling the formation of employees. However the IPSS are required to face the rigidity of legal instruments. The responsibility for HRM is shared between the technical direction and the management bodies, which depends on leadership style and mutual trust, and is generally unclear about the roles and duties performed. Finally, it becomes evident the need for coexistence between a professional management and a voluntary management, more capable and more sensible to the development of methods and strategies for people management, specifically adapted to each IPSS. This paper aims to contribute with space for reflection in the development of more effective and innovative responses for the organizational development, given the needs and transformations of the third sector.

Gestão Social em Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários: uma abordagem no Oeste Potiguar

The central research question was to search for data to ratify the theory and discourse of the so-called practitioners of economic solidarity, by defending the substantive rationality should guide the principles of economic solidary, designing the space economy incidental and not the primacy of relations in determining social as well, reflecting the predominance of dimensions of social management in administrative practices of ESS's. For both analyzed the theoretical dimensions of social management - sociopolitical, economic, organizational and environmental - manifested in organizational practices supportive of economic organization Potiguar West. For the success of the research realized the triangulation involving a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches. At first the research will use a quantitative approach, from the cluster analysis, to verify the behavior of the sample chosen for this study. In the second stage of the qualitative study was carried out focus group technique (FLICK, 2002) for further analysis of the dimensions of social management on organizational practices supportive of economic organization, related to the principles of Solidary Economy, established in a quantitative approach. In quantitative analysis, the socio-political dimension, it was clear that the more equity instruments of internal and external, from the purposeful living in public spaces, the best monetary results. Another point worth stressing concerns the economic dimension, with the practice reciprocity prevailing in market. Thus, the qualitative approach was possible to understand the processes of exchange of product or service. Rural enterprises surveyed in the allocation of the agro-ecological products have the following scale of priority, sequentially: self-consumption (domestic), market and exchange. The research leads to the fact that training and practices that enhance the socio-political dimension (knowledge, empowerment, sense of belonging) become the guiding principle for the strengthening of the social management in the context of other dimensions, leading to gains sociopolitical, economic, organizational and environmental. Despite the weaknesses found in the organizational dimension and environment, both in a quantitative as in qualitative, we determined that the practices of ESS's Potiguar West incorporate predominantly elements of social management and economic solidarity, with a preponderance of substantive rationality in the primacy of the instrumental. Finally, research has brought information that the participants of the ESS's do not give the money economy primacy in determining social relations, which in turn leads to the confirmation that, in practice the solidarity economy, prevailing the dominance of substantive rationality, as a guide for organizational practices

Caracterização da economia solidária à luz do ambiente isonômico de Guerreiro Ramos: um estudo no Grupo Mulheres Decididas a Vencer

The Solidary Economy is an area that has shown unusual traits to what is preached in the traditional economic organizations, even organizations that have very similar principles, as some cooperatives. This trait is approaching the concept of isonomy proposed by Ramos (1989). Given this context, and the notion that the isonomy is like a ideal type, the objective this work was to evidence particulars of isonomic environment the in economic and solidarity experiences, taking as an empirical research area the Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, considered a solidary economic enterprise. For this, we used the descriptive-exploratory research of qualitative nature, where the object of such research is the know enterprise, therefore, also characterized as a case study, which were taken as research subjects six associates, they being the most active in the enterprise. From the five categories that characterize isonomy - minimum standards prescribing, self-gratifying activity, activities undertaken as a vocation, wide system of making decision and primaries interpersonal relations - and from the traits of a solidary economic enterprise the data analysis was built, through content analysis, specifically the categorial analysis. Given this context and reality in which it is Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, with minimal rules and procedures for conducting activities, comparing them to a therapy, women choosing to insert in that environment, faced with a democratic space and unfettered bureaucracy in professional interpersonal relationships, in others words, an organizational space where they were shown signs of substantive rationality was possible to conclude that the Group will share experiences and characteristics of isonomy. This disclosure meets the multidimensional social that presupposes Paraecomomic Paradigm, enabling man to enter in different social environments of the economy in order to search for self-actualization

Terapia familiar estructuralista aplicada a una familia con un hijo con autismo

El presente trabajo abarca dos temas importantes, la terapia estructuralista familiar en una familia con un hijo diagnosticado con Autismo. El autismo es un trastorno con características multifactoriales que si bien no tiene cura, afecta no solo al enfermo sino a la familia, este se presenta como una vivencia de duelo para la familia. Se trabaja con la terapia estructuralista familiar para lograr cambios dentro de la familia que permitan un mejor desarrollo en el niño a nivel personal y social y que la familia pese a la enfermedad se reorganice de manera funcional. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que a través de la terapia estructuralista se logró un cambio en la organización familiar con el fin de tener factores funcionales que permitan una calidad de vida mejor no solo para el niño con autismo sino también para todos los miembros de esta.

Economia solidária e relações de gênero na agricultura familiar: o caso do grupo produtivo mulheres decididas a vencer

The Women s experiences in the private sphere under the work s field changes the family relationship allowing them more freedom, autonomy and independence. The inequalities, socially built, homemade women s obligations results in discrimination, difficult to insert and recovery on female s job in a job s market, including low salary if compared with men s and difficult to services access in addiction a difficult daily life and in domestic sphere. The women s organisation in productive groups or economically solidary enterprises (ESE) torn possible the social economically organisations and politicians to promote deep changes in a domestically e socially relationship, positioning, for example, women s in publics areas and in the rout of emancipation. The objective of this search are understand men and women relationship in the family agriculture s field starts insert women in economically solidary enterprises (ESE) on Mulunguzinho s settlement (Mossoró/RN). The theoretical framework is inspirited Economical Solidary concept kind division s job and women s empowerment. This search had a qualitative character and exploration through case s study on Mulheres decididas a vencer s group. The secondary information was create through theoretical framework and information collected through semi-structured interviews based in interviews applied for women and yours respective husbands by criterion for women participation on productive activities of beekeeping culture of goat and sheep. This study turns possible conclude that the women s participations in productive groups in solidary economical change significantly their life and their family life. The group s organisations process, the training was received, the collective production, the marketing and the mobilized participation to move it all was fundamental for women share with their families partners some homemade and take care with the children. This finding confirm a different aspect not economical in solidary economy overcoming the monetary value in associative relationship observing principally individuals well-being and the concern with the form of reproduction this way of life in the associated

ENGENHARIA SOCIAL: TÉCNICAS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE DEFESA EM AMBIENTES VIRTUAIS VULNERÁVEIS

O presente objeto de pesquisa tem como foco de estudos a Engenharia Social e a Segurança da Informação. Visa analisar as técnicas de ataque e defesas aos ambientes virtuais vulneráveis em empresas de pequeno, médio e grande porte. O estudo propõe aumentar as diretivas de segurança de forma a incluir mecanismos de defesas contra a Engenharia Social, considerando o pressuposto de que a organização conta com uma diretiva de segurança que estabelece metas, as práticas e os procedimentos que reconhece como necessários para proteger seus ativos informacionais, recursos e colaboradores contra-ataques tecnológicos ou físicos aplicados pela Engenharia Social. Apoia-se em teorias de Souza (2015), Watson, Masons e Ackroyd (2014), Mitnick e Simon (2003).   A presente pesquisa será por meio de estudo de casos múltiplos, de abordagem qualitativa e natureza aplicada à Engenharia Social e Segurança da Informação. Utilizam-se como instrumentos de pesquisa dois questionários estruturados e entrevistas, considerando como sujeitos Gestores de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) e Diretores de 10 empresas, convidados por meio de correio eletrônico corporativo. Pretende-se ao final desta pesquisa, sugerir ferramentas de Segurança da Informação, propor um modelo de proteção contra a Engenharia Social e comparar as técnicas de defesas contra Engenharia Social utilizadas entre as empresas pesquisadas além de desenvolver um modelo de Política de Segurança da Informação.

Um modelo de ferramenta computacional aplicada ao processo de aprendizagem especial: as tecnologias assistivas

The objective of the Assistives Technologies is provide to disable people a better quality of life, more independence and a social inclusion with more mobility, more communication, better learning and familiar and social integration. This paper presents some specific actions that try to help these people, using as tool the education and technologies.

Por uma moradia termicamente confortável: proposta de habitação de interesse social com ênfase no conforto térmico

This research covers the topic of social housing and its relation to thermal comfort, so applied to an architectural and urban intervention in land situated in central urban area of Macaíba/RN, Brazil. Reflecting on the role of design and use of alternative building materials in the search for better performance is one of its main goals. The hypothesis is that by changing design parameters and choice of materials, it is possible to achieve better thermal performance results. Thus, we performed computer simulations of thermal performance and natural ventilation using computational fluid dynamics or CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The presentation of the thermal simulation followed the methodology proposed in the dissertation Negreiros (2010), which aims to find the percentage of the amount of hours of comfort obtained throughout the year, while data analysis was made of natural ventilation from images generated by the images extracted from the CFD. From model building designed, was fitted an analytical framework that results in a comparison between three different proposals for dwellings housing model, which is evaluated the question of the thermal performance of buildings, and also deals with the spatial variables design, construction materials and costs. It is concluded that the final report confirmed the general hypotheses set at the start of the study, it was possible to quantify the results and identify the importance of design and construction materials are equivalent, and that, if combined, lead to gains in thermal performance potential.