998 resultados para Desenvolvimento turístico local
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Tópico 1 - Educação permanente em saúde e desenvolvimento do projeto terapêutico singular O tópico apresenta os objetivos da Política Nacional de Educação em Saúde, visando não apenas a capacitação de profissionais, mas também uma reflexão contínua sobre e para ações abrangentes de aprendizagem coletiva, compartilhando saberes, estabelecendo novos critérios/capacidades para identificar e solucionar problemas, rompendo como o modelo biomédico hegemônico tradicional. Diferencia educação permanente de educação continuada, defendendo que a primeira implica aprender durante a atuação, no próprio local e na própria realidade de trabalho, produzindo mudanças práticas na gestão e na atenção, construindo novos pactos com protagonismo e autonomia. Tópico 2 – Alternativas para as dificuldades encontradas no desenvolvimento da educação permanente e do projeto terapêutico singular O tópico atenta para a necessidade dos múltiplos saberes na AB e aponta como uma dos principais problemas para o desenvolvimento da educação permanente e do PTS a dificuldade de os profissionais enfrentarem mudanças que trazem desconforto. Trata da importância do apoio dos gestores, dos parâmetros de avaliação, concluindo que o desenvolvimento do PTS é um grande desfio.Unidade 3 do módulo 9 que compõe o Curso de Especialização Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família.
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Tópico 1 – Caso de Sobral – CE. O tópico apresenta experiência do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) de Sobral – CE com atuação de equipe local e ESF, sendo mantido o foco na assistência no contexto biopsicossocial, compartilhando intervenções e saberes. Tópico 2 – Um caso na AB. O tópico relata experiência de atendimento a uma família com diversos problemas de saúde e em situação de vulnerabilidade biopsicossocial, acompanhando, com equipe multidisciplinar, pais e quatro filhos, estabelecendo vínculo com os mesmos. Tópico 3 – Caso de Santa Maria – RS. O tópico relara a experiência de construção de PTS contando com equipe de estagiários em enfermagem e equipe multidisciplinar de dentro e de fora da área de saúde, compartilhando saberes e pactuando responsabilidades em parcerias intersetoriais. Unidade 4 do módulo 9 que compõe o Curso de Especialização Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família.
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Este trabalho objetivou elaborar um protocolo de crescimento e desenvolvimento voltado às crianças de zero a cinco anos de idade, a ser implantado na rede municipal de Ibirité bem como elucidar a importância da puericultura. Para tal, buscou inicialmente conhecimentos a esse respeito por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, no site da BVS, no SciELO e Programas do Ministério da Saúde. Confirmou-se ser fundamental o planejamento da assistência, dentre eles da atenção à saúde da criança de 0 a 5 anos, com o acompanhamento da saúde das crianças e esse cuidado inicia-se ainda durante a gestação. Há vários procedimentos que os profissionais de saúde devem estar atentos para que façam um bom atendimento às crianças e suas famílias. Assim, buscou-se mostrar a importância de se ter um protocolo de puericultura para cada município, possibilitando que o atendimento seja feito de maneira sistematizada pelas Equipes de Saúde da Família. É relevante que cada município tenha o seu próprio protocolo, pois há fatores que variam de uma localidade para outra, tais como perfil socioeconômico das famílias, escolaridade, e outros. Espera-se que este trabalho contribua para estudos futuros acerca desse tema, bem como auxilie profissionais da área sobre a criação de protocolos de puericultura.
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O trabalho foi realizado no município de Saquarema, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Região dos Lagos e tem como inspiração a participação em conselhos de saúde, discussões em grupos de saúde e inserção na comunidade ao realizar trabalhos de campo. Percebeu-se dificuldades no processo de planejamento local que ao serem relatadas pode se tornar elementos facilitadores para as equipes de saúde ou para profissionais da saúde em prol do ganho para a comunidade. Estudo transversal, situacional de análise, subjetiva e quantitativa, uma vez que observamos, também, dados do diagnóstico comunitário. A revisão bibliográfica teve como base textos fornecidos durante o curso de especialização em saúde da família promovido pelo UnaSUS UERJ e pesquisas realizadas no Google acadêmico, Scielo e BVS. A estratégia da saúde da família é importante meio de organização da Atenção primária a saúde, deste modo o planejamento local ajuda organizar a unidade de saúde e contribui para melhora do desenvolvimento de uma equipe coesa e de uma gestão informada e participativa. O processo de trabalho na Equipe de Saúde da Família desperta a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na Atenção primária, pois se atua além de especialidades. Com este projeto pretende-se que o conhecimento das dificuldades, inerentes a este processo, sejam reconhecidas e que o entendimento dessas dificuldades possa trazer benefício.
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We have previously demonstrated that blockade of β-adrenoreceptors (β-AR) located in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats suppresses formalin-induced TMJ nociceptive behaviour in both male and female rats, but female rats are more responsive. In this study, we investigated whether gonadal hormones modulate the responsiveness to local β-blocker-induced antinociception in the TMJ of rats. Co-administration of each of the selective β1 (atenolol), β2 (ICI 118.551) and β3 (SR59230A)-AR antagonists with equi-nociceptive concentrations of formalin in the TMJ of intact, gonadectomized and hormone-treated gonadectomized male and female rats. Atenolol, ICI 118.551 and SR59230A significantly reduced formalin-induced TMJ nociception in a dose response fashion in all groups tested. However, a lower dose of each β-AR antagonist was sufficient to significantly reduce nociceptive responses in gonadectomized but not in intact and testosterone-treated gonadectomized male rats. In the female groups, a lower dose of β1 -AR antagonist was sufficient to significantly reduce nociceptive responses in gonadectomized but not in intact or gonadectomized rats treated with progesterone or a high dose of oestradiol; a lower dose of β2 -AR antagonist was sufficient to significantly reduce nociceptive responses in gonadectomized but not in intact and gonadectomized rats treated with low or high dose of oestradiol. Gonadal hormones may reduce the responsiveness to local β-blocker-induced antinociception in the TMJ of male and female rats. However, their effect depends upon their plasma level, the subtype of β-AR and the dose of β-blockers used.
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In our previous study, we have found that 5-cyclopropyl-2-[1-(2-fluoro-benzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ylamine (BAY 41-2272), a guanylate cyclase agonist, activates human monocytes and the THP-1 cell line to produce the superoxide anion, increasing in vitro microbicidal activity, suggesting that this drug can be used to modulate immune functioning in primary immunodeficiency patients. In the present work, we investigated the potential of the in vivo administration of BAY 41-2272 for the treatment of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus infections introduced via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous inoculation. We found that intraperitoneal treatment with BAY 41-2272 markedly increased macrophage-dependent cell influx to the peritoneum in addition to macrophage functions, such as spreading, zymosan particle phagocytosis and nitric oxide and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated hydrogen peroxide production. Treatment with BAY 41-2272 was highly effective in reducing the death rate due to intraperitoneal inoculation of C. albicans, but not S. aureus. However, we found that in vitro stimulation of peritoneal macrophages with BAY 41-2272 markedly increased microbicidal activities against both pathogens. Our results show that the prevention of death by the treatment of C. albicans-infected mice with BAY 41-2272 might occur primarily by the modulation of the host immune response through macrophage activation.
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This reaserch analysed the developmental stage of fourth grade (primary school) children in ability of writting argumentative texts joint with their context. The reason of this reaserch is the lack of new studies in linguistical area and high ratio of unable students to make this kind of text. It will be showed the analysis of making text by public schools children for three months. These data were analysed trying identify argumentative operators, the kinds of arguments used and the stage of the argumentative ability of these children. The study showed that the introduction of argumentative text in first grades give them more chances of succeed, preparing these pupils in their finishing high school. This fact obviously will make easier the development of their critical point of view, helping the students to think about their living social reality.
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The aim of this paper is the description of the strategies and advances in the use of MIP in the development of chemical sensors. MIP has been considered an emerging technology, which allows the synthesis of materials that can mimic some highly specific natural receptors such as antibodies and enzymes. In recent years a great number of publications have demonstrated a growth in their use as sensing phases in the construction of sensors . Thus, the MIP technology became very attractive as a promising analytical tool for the development of sensors.
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Fundamental aspects of the conception and applications of ecomaterials, in particular porous materials in the perspective of green chemistry are discussed in this paper. General recommendations for description and classification of porous materials are reviewed briefly. By way of illustration, some case studies of materials design and applications in pollution detection and remediation are described. It is shown here how different materials developed by our groups, such as porous glasses, ecomaterials from biomass and anionic clays were programmed to perform specific functions. A discussion of the present and future of ecomaterials in green chemistry is presented along with important key goals.
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Characteriza of the inclusion complex ropivacaine: beta-cyclodextrin. Ropivacaine (RVC) is a widely used local anesthetic. The complexation of RVC with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) is of great interest for the development of more efficient local anesthetic formulations. The present work focuses on the characterization of the RVC:beta-CD complex by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The stoichiometry of the complex is 1:2 RVC:beta-CD. DOSY-NMR shows that the association constant is 55.5 M-1. Longitudinal relaxation time results show that RVC changes its mobility in the presence of beta-CD. This study is focused on the physicochemical characterization of inclusion complexes that are potentials options for pain treatment.
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Raman imaging spectroscopy is a highly useful analytical tool that provides spatial and spectral information on a sample. However, CCD detectors used in dispersive instruments present the drawback of being sensitive to cosmic rays, giving rise to spikes in Raman spectra. Spikes influence variance structures and must be removed prior to the use of multivariate techniques. A new algorithm for correction of spikes in Raman imaging was developed using an approach based on comparison of nearest neighbor pixels. The algorithm showed characteristics including simplicity, rapidity, selectivity and high quality in spike removal from hyperspectral images.
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Poorly soluble drugs have low bioavailability, representing a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Processing drugs into the nanosized range changes their physical properties, and these are being used in pharmaceutics to develop innovative formulations known as Nanocrystals. Use of nanocrystals to overcome the problem of low bioavailability, and their production using different techniques such as microfluidization or high pressure homogenization, was reviewed in this paper. Examples of drugs, cosmetics and nutraceutical ingredients were also discussed. These technologies are well established in the pharmaceutical industry and are approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
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A simple analytical method for extraction and quantification of lutein colorant added to yogurt was developed and validated. The method allowed complete extraction of carotenoids using tetrahydrofuran in vortex, followed by centrifugation, partition to diethyl ether/petroleum ether, and drying. The carotenoids dissolved in ethanol were quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method showed linearity in the range tested (1.41-13.42 µg g-1), limits of detection and quantification of 0.42 and 1.28 µg g-1, respectively, low relative standard deviation (3.4%) and recovery ranging from 95 to 103%. The method proved reliable for quantification of lutein added to yogurt.
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The present work aimed the development of a low cost servo-valve that answers to an electronic control signal, for variable rates liquid inputs application. A literature research to define which valve type should be used was made. A mechanically activated proportional valve with an electronically controlled servo-engine was designed and evaluated. Since developed the servo-valve, the system was submited to a number of tests .The evaluation of its behavior was obtained in terms of repeatability, hystheresis and linearity. The test was accomplished in a bench, specially developed for this aim. As a result, were obtained three curves of opening percentage as function of flow rate, describing three opening and closing increments in two different work pressures. The servo-valve presented a good repeatability, reasonable hysteresis and a typically quadratic curve. This one maintained the low cost target. These results were very satisfied because the non-linearity and the hysteresis could be easily corrected by software.
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Annatto seeds do not germinate during early stages of their development because of insufficient reserve substances. In situ analysis showed that the principal reserves are proteins and starch, deposited in endosperm cells. During the early stages of development, the starch grains were elliptic, because amylose was the minor component. During development, these grains became more spherical due to an increase in amylose relative to amylopectin. Endosperm cells do not contain protein bodies, but they accumulate proteins dispersed in the cytoplasm. At the final stage of development the proteins became compacted due to the dehydration of the seeds wich is part of the global process of orthodox seeds maturation. Natural fluorescence revealed aromatic amino acids, principally tryptophan and tyrosine in the proteins. The seeds reached their maximum dry weight after moisture contents had declined to around 60%. At this point the seeds presented maximum germination capacity.