Numerical study on NOx/CO emissions in the diffusion flames of high-temperature off-gas of steelmaking converter

The combustion of high-temperature off-gas of steelmaking converter with periodical change of temperature and CO concentration always leads to CO and NOx over-standard emissions. In the paper, high-temperature off-gas combustion is simulated by adopting counterflow diffusion flame model, and some influencing factors of CO and NOx emissions are investigated by adopting a detailed chemistry GRI 3.0 mechanism. The emission index of NOx (EINOx) decreases 1.7–4.6% when air stoichiometric ratio (SR) increase from 0.6 to 1.4, and it dramatically increases with off-gas temperature at a given SR when the off-gas temperature is above 1500 K. High-concentration CO in off-gas can result in high NOx emissions, and NOx levels increase dramatically with CO concentration when off-gas temperature is above 1700 K. Both SR and off-gas temperature are important for the increase of CO burnout index (BICO) when SR is less than 1.0, but BICO increase about 1% when off-gas temperature increases from 1100 K to 1900 K at SR > 1.0. BICO increases with CO concentration in off-gas, and the influence of off-gas temperature on BICO is marginal. BICO increases with the relative humidity (RH) in air supplied, but it increases about 0.5% when RH is larger than 30%.

He-CO散射截面的量子力学研究

采用精确度较高的密耦方法(Close-Coupling)计算了He-CO碰撞的散射截面,能量从5 meV~70meV,计算结果与M.Keil等的实验结果(64 meV)基本相符.研究表明:势能的零点能位置、势阱深度、势阱位置、排斥势强度以及势能在势阱附近的方向性都对散射截面有较大的影响.

O~(3+)与H_2碰撞中非解离电荷转移过程的全量子计算

应用全量子的分子轨道强耦合方法,研究了基态的O3+(2s22p2P)与氢分子碰撞的非解离电荷转移过程,计算了不同方位角(25°,45°,89°),能量分别为100,500,1000和5000eV/u时的单电子俘获的振动分辨的态选择截面及相应的微分截面.分子轨道强耦合计算中采用了自旋耦合价带理论计算的三原子分子势能面和径向耦合矩阵元.对氢分子的自身转动,采用无限阶的冲量近似方法;对体系的电子运动同H2或H2+的振动之间的耦合,采用了振动冲量近似.结果发现,对不同的入射能量,振动态选择截面随振动量子数的分布发生了一定的改变;不同入射能量和不同方位角的振动态分辨的微分截面具有类似的结构,在极小的散射角附近出现一个最大值平台,然后散射截面随着散射角的增大而减小,并出现大量的震荡结构,其中第一个震荡结构对应的散射角位置随入射能量Ep以Ep-1/2的标度规律变化;微分截面的结构和大小对H2方位角α的变化敏感,这种性质为H2取向的诊断提供了一种可能的途径.

低能O~(3+)与H_2碰撞电子俘获过程中靶的同位素效应研究

利用全量子的分子轨道强耦合方法,我们研究了基态的O3+(2s22p2P)与氚分子和氢分子碰撞的电荷转移过程,计算了方位角为45°,能量分别为0.1eV/u,1.0eV/u,100eV/u,500eV/u的单电子俘获的振动分辨的态选择截面及总截面.分子轨道强耦合计算中采用了自旋耦合价带理论计算的三原子分子势能面和径向耦合矩阵元.对体系的电子运动同H2(T2)或H2+(T2+)的转动和振动之间的耦合,根据能量的不同,分别采用了无限阶的冲量近似或振动冲量近似.结果发现,低能O3+与H2碰撞电子俘获过程中靶的同位素效应显著:对不同的同位素靶,单电子俘获的总截面以及振动分辨态选择截面的分布明显不同;入射离子能量越低,同位素效应越显著.

高离化态S~(q+)与H_2碰撞中H_2~(r+)的库仑爆炸及解离过程研究

采用位置灵敏探测器和散射离子 反冲离子飞行时间技术测量了 90 0keV的Sq + +H2 碰撞产生的H+ 碎片的能量分布 ,实验表明部分Hr+ 2 发生解离。基于蒙特卡罗方法 ,建立了程序模拟离子与分子碰撞中的反冲离子飞行时间谱。模拟结果与实验 (S2 + +H2 ,S2 + +He)测量到的TOF谱进行了分析比较 ,并进行了定性讨论。

Late cenozoic chemical weathering and environmental changes recorded in the Co Ngoin sediments, central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

IEECAS SKLLQG

重离子~(12)C对~(60)Coγ射线诱发人染色体畸变效应的比较研究

目的　重离子和高剂量率6 0 Coγ射线照射离体人血建立染色体畸变的剂量 效应曲线 ;比较重离子1 2 C照射与6 0 Coγ射线照射诱发染色体畸变的相对生物效能。方法　重离子1 2 C和6 0 Coγ射线照射离体人血 ,吸收剂量率为 3Gy min ,吸收剂量为 1 0～ 8 0Gy。主要记录染色体型畸变的非稳定性畸变 ,对双着丝粒体和着丝粒环做曲线拟合 ,并检验回归系数的显著性和曲线的拟合度。结果　重离子1 2 C和6 0 Coγ射线照射离体血诱发的染色体畸变 (双 +环 ) ,在 0～ 8Gy范围内 ,呈良好的剂量 效应关系。1 2 C离子诱发染色体畸变的RBE值是不恒定的 ,它随吸收剂量增加而减少 ,在 0 3～ 8 0Gy范围内 ,RBE值 (Dγ Dc)从 2 6 2到 1 0 0 ,平均 1 5 8。结论　1 2 C离子对6 0 Coγ射线照射诱发染色体畸变 ,在照射剂量较低时 ,有较高的生物效应。

重离子~(12)C~(6+)对~(60)Coγ射线诱发淋巴细胞微核效应的比较研究

目的　比较重离子束1 2 C6+对60 Coγ射线照射人离体血诱发淋巴细胞微核的效应。方法　用60 Coγ射线和地面加速器产生的重离子1 2 C6+(平均LET为 36 70keV μm) ,不同剂量照射离体人血 ,用CB微核法观察双核淋巴细胞的微核 ,计算重离子束1 2 C6+对60 Coγ射线的相对生物效能。结果　在 0～ 6Gy剂量范围内 ,重离子束1 2 C6+对60 Coγ射线的相对生物效能在 4 1 9～ 1 78之间 ,平均为 2 56。结论　重离子束1 2 C6+比60 Coγ射线有更高的生物效应

Synthesis and magnetic characterization of nickel ferrite nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation route

Magnetic nanoparticles of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) have been synthesized by co-precipitation route using stable ferric and nickel salts with sodium hydroxide as the precipitating agent and oleic acid as the surfactant. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses confirmed the formation of single-phase nickel ferrite nanoparticles in the range 8-28 nm depending upon the annealing temperature of the samples during the synthesis. The size of the particles (d) was observed to be increasing linearly with annealing temperature of the sample while the coercivity with particle size goes through a maximum, peaking at similar to 11 nm and then decreases for larger particles. Typical blocking effects were observed below similar to 225 K for all the prepared samples. The superparamagnetic blocking temperature (T-B) was found to be increasing with increasing particle size that has been attributed to the increased effective anisotropy energy of the nanoparticles. The saturation moment of all the samples was found much below the bulk value of nickel ferrite that has been attributed to the disordered surface spins or dead/inert layer in these nanoparticles. (c) 2008 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.