黄土塬区旱作冬小麦增产潜力研究

在长期冬小麦潜势试验和肥料试验的基础上 ,建立了作物光温水肥产量模型 ,从光温生产潜力、旱作产量潜势、现阶段施肥水平下光温水肥产量潜力和目前试区产量现状共4个层次 ,对黄土塬区旱作冬小麦的增产潜力进行了分析。结果指出 ,目前黄土塬区冬小麦实际产量仅达到了光温潜力的41 6 %、旱作产量潜势的49 3 %、试区施肥水平下光温水肥产量潜力的78 6 %。因此 ,采用合理施肥方式和加强田间管理 ,黄土高原塬区旱作冬小麦还有较大的增产潜力。

沈阳东陵区油松栎林群落数量特征的研究

该文以沈阳市东陵区油松栎林群落为对象,分析了群落数量特征.结果表明,油松栎林群落共有种子植物161种,分属49科121属,区系组成丰富.在植物区系地理成分上,种的分布类型以温带性质居多,共143种,占总种数的88.82%,表明了群落植物区系组成的温带亲缘关系.在群落结构上,油松栎林群落以地面芽植物最多,占36.02%.群落可分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层3个层次.利用Ievins和MacArthus指数测算了群落10个木本植物的生态位宽度和生态位重叠,以榆树、山里红、油松和卫矛有较大的生态位宽度值,分别为0.519 3、0.491 6、0.481 7和0.459 4.油松与其他树种种间具有较大的生态位重叠,它在群落中占有相当重要地位,稠李同其他树种间的生态位重叠值较小,形成了局部小生境地段的优势种;种间联结性以山里红与黄菠萝呈显著正关联外,其他种对联结性都较低.

沈阳东陵区油松栎林群落特征及物种多样性研究

以沈阳市东陵区油松栎林群落为对象,分析了群落特征,结果表明,油松栎林群落共有种子植物161种,分属49科121属,区系组成丰富。在植物区系地理成分上,种的分布类型以温带性质居多,共143种,占总种数的88.82%,表明了群落植物区系组成的温带亲缘关系;在群落结构上,油松栎林群落以地面芽植物最多,占36.0%;群落可分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层3个层次;种间联结性以山里红与黄波罗呈显著正关联外,其他种间联结性都较低。群落木本植物科-属-种组成多样性大小顺序为属-种多样性>科-属多样性>科-种多样性。

沈阳市苔藓植物区系初步研究

对882份标本进行鉴定,共记录沈阳市苔藓植物30科67属143种及变种,其中辽宁省新纪录种36种,东北新纪录种18种.区系分析表明本区苔藓植物以北温带成分为主(51.16%),其次为东亚成分(16.28%)和中国特有成分(12.40%),具强烈的温带性质,与该区地理位置和气候条件等相吻合,与种子植物的区系分布特点也一致.同其他城市地区苔藓植物属和种的相似性系数分析表明,沈阳市与同处辽宁省的抚顺市和鞍山市苔藓植物的亲缘性较大,而与其他城市地区亲缘性较小.

松嫩平原黑土区不同养分循环结构农业经营制度比较研究

采用模拟养分循环开展长期定位试验的方法对黑土区不同养分循环结构农业经营制度进行了比较研究，结果表明，有机－无机相结合的农业制度包括传统农业与“石油农业”两者之长，是我国农业生产常久不衰、提高系统生产力和养分循环再利用的有效途径．

土地处理技术在干旱-半干旱过渡带生态建设中的应用

土地处理系统是在干旱 -半干旱过渡区实现污水无害化、资源化的有效技术。内蒙古霍林河矿区污水土地处理系统设计与运行结果表明 ,该区具备推广土地处理技术的良好条件 ,土地处理系统应以慢速渗滤和污水资源利用型为主 ,实现污水处理与生态环境建设的结合。污水资源的利用有助于增加镶嵌型复合生态系统的稳定性 ,加速人工林的成林郁闭 ,增加林木蓄积量 ,改善干旱、半干旱地区的生态环境

土壤重金属污染评价方法的比较

综述了国内外典型的土壤重金属污染的评价方法,分析了各种方法的优劣之处和适用范围,论述了GIS在土壤重金属污染评价方面的应用,最后提出用潜在生态危害指数法和污染负荷指数法相结合,重金属污染评价方法与ArcGIS软件相结合的方法来克服各种评价方法的不足和局限之处。

下辽河平原不同磷肥用量对作物产量及潜在养分的影响

通过6年的定位试验,对下辽河平原不同磷肥用量条件下,土壤养分库的建立及磷肥的肥料效应、土壤磷的自然释放速率等进行了研究。结果表明:磷肥可以提高作物的产量,且对大豆的增产幅度大于玉米,但磷肥年用量超过25kg·hm-2时,增产效果不明显;磷肥也可以提高作物的养分移出量,但养分移出量增加的比例大于作物产量增加的比例;磷肥利用率随着磷肥用量的增加而减小,当磷肥年用量为25kg·hm-2时,磷肥利用率约为30%,但残留磷肥转化为有效磷的比例随着磷肥用量的增加而增大;磷肥施入土壤后,残留磷肥转化为迟效磷的比例高达80%,且残留磷肥转化为迟效磷的量随着磷肥用量的增加而增加,这对于构建土壤磷库有重要意义。

基于遥感-过程耦合模型的1988～2004年青海三江源区净初级生产力模拟

三江源区不仅是地处青藏高原的全球气候变化的敏感区,也是我国甚至亚洲最重要河流的上游关键源区。作为提供物质基础的植被净初级生产力(Netprimaryproduction,NPP),是评价生态系统状况的重要指标。该文应用已在碳通量观测塔验证,扩展到区域水平的遥感-过程耦合模型GLOPEM-CEVSA,以空间插值的气象数据和1km分辨率的AVHRR遥感反演的FPAR数据为模型主要输入,模拟并分析了1988～2004年该区NPP时空格局及其控制机制。结果表明,该区植被平均NPP为143.17gC·m–2·a–1,呈自东南向西北逐渐降低的空间格局,其中,以森林NPP最高(267.90gC·m–2·a–1),其次为农田(222.94gC·m–2·a–1)、草地(160.90gC·m–2·a–1)和湿地(161.36gC·m–2·a–1),荒漠最低(36.13gC·m–2·a–1)。其年际变化趋势在空间上呈现出明显的差异,西部地区NPP表现为增加趋势,每10a增加7.8～28.8gC·m–2;而中、东部表现为降低趋势,每10a降低13.1～42.8gC·m–2。根据显著性检验,NPP呈增加趋势(趋势斜率b>0),显著性水平高于99%和95%的区域占研究区总面积的13.43%和20.34%,主要分布在西部地区;NPP呈降低趋势(趋势斜率b<0),显著性水平高于99%和95%的区域占研究区面积的0.75%和3.77%,主要分布在中、东部地区,尤以该区长江和黄河等沿线区分布更为集中,变化显著性也更高。三江源NPP的年际变化趋势的气候驱动力分析表明,整个区域水平上该地区植被生产力受气候变化的主导,西部地区暖湿化趋势,造成了该地区生产力较为明显的、大范围的增加趋势;但东、中部地区则主要受人类活动的影响,特别是长江、黄河等河流沿线,是人类居住活动密集的地区,造成这些地区放牧压力较大、草地退化严重,而该地区暖干化趋势加剧了这一过程。

Biophysical characterization of the interaction of p21 with calmodulin: A mechanistic study

p21 is a protein with important roles in cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Several studies have demonstrated that its intracellular localization plays an important role in the functional regulation and binding of calmodulin favors its nuclear translocation. However, the detail mechanism of the interaction with p21 and calmodulin is not well understood. In this report, peptides derived from the C-terminal of p21 that cover the binding domain of calmodulin were used to investigate the association of p21 with calmodulin.

Preparation of Prussian blue@Pt nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes composite material for efficient determination of H2O2

In this study, the fabrication of an efficient amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor with favorable properties is presented. Prussian blue (PB) was catalytically synthesized by Pt nanoparticles (Pt-nano) from ferric ferricyanide aqueous solution to form PB@Pt-nano hybrid, and it was confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and optical spectra. The electrochemical behavior of PB@Pt-nano was highly improved through its integration with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) modified carbon nanotubes (PCNTs).

Synthesis, structure and photochromic properties of a novel 1,6-hexanediamine trimolybdate supramolecular compound

A novel supramolecular compound 1,6-hexanediamine trimolybdate ((C6H18N2[Mo3O10], denoted as HDAMo) has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and its structure has been characterized by elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. This single crystal compound consists of protonated 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA) cations and polyoxometalate [Mo3O10](2-) anions. Its crystal structure belongs to monoclinic system (space group P2(1)/n) with a = 7.7508(14), b = 11.467(2), c = 16.167(3) angstrom, beta = 92.689(3)degrees, V = 143 5.3(5) angstrom(3), Z = 4 and D-ealc = 2.619 g cm(-3). The final statistics based on F-2 are GOF = 0.980, R-1 = 0.0261 and wR(2) = 0.0506 for I > 2 sigma(I). XRD analysis revealed that in the crystal structure of HDAMo, novel infinite [Mo3O10](2-) chains parallel to a axis are made up of distorted MoO6 octahedra connected by corners and edges. The protonated HDA cations occupy channels formed by [Mo(3)O3(10)](2-) Chains and exhibit strong hydrogen bond interactions to terminal and bridging oxo groups of the chains. The [Mo3O10](2-) chains linked through protonated HAD cations formed a one-dimensional network. The HDAMo compound shows novel photochromic properties, i.e., its color changes from white to reddish brown gradually under UV irradiation. XRD, FT-IR, ESR spectra and XPS are used to investigate the photochromic behavior of the compound.

Self-assembled gold nanoparticle chains in presence of silver ions

A simple method has been developed to assemble gold nanoparticles to generate 1D assemblies by the assistance of silver ions. The lengths of nanoparticle chains can be controlled by adjusting the content of silver ions in the system. The assembly procedure of gold nanoparticles chains requires no template. The gold nanoparticle chains were characterized using TEM and XPS techniques.

Influence of structure and lonic radius on solubility limit in the Mg-Re systems

The relationship between structure, ionic radius and electronegativity and solubility of the various rare-earth elements in Mg was studied. It is found that light RE(La-Sm, Eu, Yb) have more complicated phase relation with Mg but the heavy RE(Gd-Lu, Sc) have the similar crystal structure with magnesium. Also it is found that the less electronegativity difference between Mg and RE is, the more solubility limit of RE in Mg is. The fact of the RE solubility decreased in magnesium with lowering temperature suggests that there is a possibility of Mg supersaturated solid solution formation and it will decomposition during aging. According to the rule, an megnesium alloy with higher strength feature was developed. Their mechanical properties are UTS 347MPa, YTS 290MPa and elongation 12.5% at room temperature.

Preparation and microstructure of piezoelectric composites PZT/PVDF

0-3 connectivity piezoelectric composites lead zirconate titanate(PZT)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) were prepared. Crystallininity and microstructure of the samples were characterized by SEM, FTIR and WAXD. The results indicated that the PZT powder was blended with non-crystalline phase of PVDF. The composites presented different net-morphology. PVDF existed as g crystalline phase in the composites. The composites presented island type structure with low content of PZT and hard sphere stack in irregular type with high content of PZT.