La Médecine, la chirurgie et la pharmacie des pauvres. Tome 2 / , par feu M. Philippe Hecquet, avec sa vie, contenant un catalogue raisonné de ses ouvrages [publié par Lacherie]

Comprend : Vie de M. Hecquet, contenant un catalogue raisonné de ses ouvrages ; Vie de Philippe Hecquet

La Médecine, la chirurgie et la pharmacie des pauvres. Tome 1 / , par feu M. Philippe Hecquet, avec sa vie, contenant un catalogue raisonné de ses ouvrages [publié par Lacherie]

Comprend : Vie de M. Hecquet, contenant un catalogue raisonné de ses ouvrages ; Vie de Philippe Hecquet

China´s Economic Security Police Towards ASEAN From

After the economic reforms of 1978, China started rising very fast and started engaging other countries in the region which has served to increase its confidence in the region. In the post cold war period, China was seen as a big threat for the region because of its claims on the South China Sea. Nevertheless, this image was eliminated when China engaged ASEAN and other multilateral and regional organizations. This paper is studying China’s economic and security policies towards ASEAN. Globalization Theory is the theory being used to explain the nature of China-ASEAN relations. This research paper argues that China’s rise is promoting peace in the region. With the engagement policy, China started promoting trade and security co operations based on mutual benefits and dialogues for the peaceful resolutions of the disputes in the region. This contributed greatly to improve China’s image in the region. Additionally, China’s posture during the economic crises of 1997 also greatly contributed to improve its image. Thus, the rise of China is providing opportunity to the other countries in East Asia. Chapter One: Background On China-ASEAN Relations The use of Soft Power and engagement policy by the Chinese government has helped to change China’s image in the region. By using these policies China has been able to clear the feeling of suspicion and mistrust among the Asian states. China has increased its participation in multilateral and regional organizations, such as ASEAN. Due to this China has been able to promote economic and security co-operation among countries in the region. Thus, from being a potential threat China became a potential co-operative partner. Chapter Two: A Look into ASEAN ASEAN was originally formed on 8th August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Nevertheless, ASEAN was not the first regional group created to act as forum for dialogue between the leaders of different countries. Thought, it is the only one which could work in the region. The aim of the foundation of ASEAN was to promote peace and stability in the Abstract 2 region and also contain the spread of communism in Southeast Asia. For this reason, China did not engage ASEAN until 1990. However, in 1978 with the establishment of the open up policy China started engaging other countries. It started building trust among its neighboring countries by using soft power. By 1992, China formalized its diplomatic ties with ASEAN as a group. The diplomatic ties between China and ASEAN focus on multilateralism and co-operation as the best way for a more peaceful Asia and the search for common security. Thus, security in the region is promoted through economic co-operation among the states. Therefore the relation between China – ASEAN emphasizes the five principles of peaceful coexistence, mutual benefits in economic co-operation, dialogue promoting trust and the peaceful settlement of disputes. Chapter Three: China-ASEAN Economic Relations Since 1978 The economic reform of 1978 has greatly contributed to the economic development of China. After the adoption of the open up policy, China has been able to establish economic and trade relations with the outside world. The realist school of thought had predicted that Asia will not be stable in the post cold war period. Nevertheless, this has not been the case in Asia. China is growing peacefully with the co-operation of countries in the region. China is establishing strong ties with its neighboring countries. China and ASEAN relations focus on mutual benefit instead of being a zero sum game. Thus these relations are aimed at encouraging trust and economic co-operation in the region. China and ASEAN have agreed on Free Trade to assure that the two parties benefit from the co-operation. The ACFTA will have a great impact on economic, political and security issues. This will enable China to increase its influence in Asia and counterbalance the influences that Japan and U.S have in the region. Chapter Four: China ASEAN Relations in the Security Perspective This Chapter is about China and ASEAN relations on security issue. The new security issues of the post cold war period need to be solved in multilateral way. China as a major power in the region, through its engagement policy has solved most Abstract 3 of the disputes in the region using multilateral means. China has also found ways to solve the dispute over Spratly Islands peacefully, through dialogue using ASEAN. Additionally, China signed the Treaty of Amity in 2003, promoted security initiatives through ARF, Declaration on Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea and documents covering non-traditional security threats, economic co-operation and agricultural co-operation in November 2002, and the Joint Declaration on Strategic. Chapter Five: Finding and Analysis This chapter provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the date collected throughout this research. It provides an analysis of how the rise of China is promoting peace in the region. China has been promoting mutual beneficial trade and security co-operation which has increased its influence in the region. China has also been able to solve most of the territorial and border dispute in the region through ASEAN. Thus, ASEAN has amended China’s relations with other countries in the region. Therefore, China’s foreign policy in the region has a big impact in shaping the dynamic relations in East Asia. Conclusion and Recommendations This paper concluded that the relationships between China and ASEAN are contributing to peace in the region. After China engaged ASEAN, it has been able to promote multilateral trade based on mutual benefit. This is clearly emphasized by the CAFTA. Additionally, China has solved most of the dispute in the region. It has also found way for a peaceful resolution of the dispute over Spratly Island. Nowadays, the ASEAN countries don’t see China as a threat to the region. Nevertheless, they’ve adopted deterrence measures such as establishing diplomatic relations with other big powers in the region to assure that the region continues to grow peacefully. Concerning this deterrence measures, I recommend as another way for a continued peaceful growth, the resolution of the outstanding dispute.

Élaboration et Validation D`Un Outil de Dépistage du Diabète Chez L´Adulte et L´Aîné au CAp-Vert, Afrique

Cette thèse de maîtrise est présentée sous forme d’un article scientifique. Cet article sera soumis à la « Revue Canadienne de la pratique et de la recherche en diététique». Toutes les parties de la thèse sont rédigées en français conformément aux règlements de l’Université de Moncton. Les différentes sections qui composent cette thèse sont le Chapitre I : Recension des écrits, le Chapitre II: Cadre de la Recherche, le Chapitre III: Devis de recherche et le Chapitre IV: Article scientifique. Les conclusions et les recommandations de l’étude sont présentées à la fin de ces chapitres, suivies par les références et les annexes. La présente étude a été réalisée par l’étudiante à la maîtrise Edith Pereira sous la supervision de Mme Lita Villalon, Ph. D., directrice de thèse et professeure titulaire à l’École des Sciences des aliments, de nutrition et d’études familiales de l’Université de Moncton. L’étudiante à la maîtrise avait la responsabilité de faire les démarches nécessaires en vue de l’approbation du projet de recherche par le Comité national d’éthique en recherche pour la santé du Cap-Vert. Elle était aussi responsable de la cueillette des données. Ceci consistait en la prise de mesures anthropométriques, biochimiques et alimentaires auprès de l’échantillon à l’étude. De plus, l’étudiante a procédé à la compilation de toutes les données pour ensuite les analyser et les interpréter. Finalement, l’étudiante à la maîtrise a rédigé cette thèse ainsi que l’article scientifique. Le tout a été réalisé sous la supervision de Mme Lita Villalon, Ph.D.

Acteur et médias sur la scène

L'objet de cette étude est l'acteur dans un spectacle à composante technologique, analysé dans une perspective intermédiale qui est une pratique scénique et une approche analytique émergeante. Je place cette problématique dans le contexte du théâtre contemporain des années 1990 et du début du XXIe siècle notamment. Mon étude est organisée en trois parties. Les premiers chapitres abordent l'acteur dans sa relation avec le dispositif et l'image projetée, lors de deux périodes historiques. La première période se situe à la fin du XIXe siècle et est consacrée aux spectacles féeriques et magiques qui explorent le spectaculaire. La phase suivante se place autour des années 1920 et concerne principalement les travaux d'Erwin Piscator, de Vsevolod Meyerhold, d'Oskar Schlemmer ainsi que de Lev Koulechov. La deuxième partie de la thèse aborde la scène contemporaine imprégnée par les nouveaux médias et cela d'abord dans le contexte de la cyberculture, que je considère comme un aspect sociologique et anthropologique déterminant. Ceci me rapproche de ma définition du théâtre marqué par la technologie que je nomme un « théâtre des médias ». J'analyse les transformations et les déplacements des composantes théâtrales sous l'influence technologique en tant que re-configuration médiale de la scène. Je propose par la suite l'individuation intermédiale en tant que concept pour l'analyse de l'acteur et de la nouvelle subjectivité scénique. La troisième partie s'appuie sur deux grands axes : le dispositif et l'image, où l'acteur devient un dénominateur permanent de l'analyse permutationnelle. L'étude progresse d'abord par l'analyse des éléments suivants: écrans, moniteurs, caméras, capteurs. Ce qui est surtout ici mis en évidence, c'est la corporéité de l'acteur et son rapport spatial avec le dispositif. L'image, par contre, interroge l'interprétation et la construction du rôle. Elle apparaît dans sa fonction la plus statique ainsi que la plus complexe et dynamique, mettant en évidence la multifonction scénique de l'acteur. Il se présente sous des figures multiples (acteur cyborgisé, acteur marionnetisé), à travers ses écritures (interacteur, observateur) et ses identités scéniques nouvelles (formations hybrides). J'aborde à la fin la question de la nouvelle formation de l'interprète selon l'approche intermédiale qui émerge notamment à l'Académie de Maastricht et à l'Ecole régionale d'acteurs de Cannes. Le corpus analytique est composé d'une soixantaine de spectacles dont le noyau se concentre sur les travaux de Robert Lepage, de Jean Lambert-Wild, de LLT Videoteatr « Poza », de Komuna Otwock, du Wooster Groupe, et de Dumb Type.

Analyses critiques de ľ expression génétique

La question du filtrage de ľinformation génétique dans la cellule est fondamentale. Comment la cellule sélectionne-t-elle, avant de les transformer en RNA puis en protéines, certaines parties bien déterminées de son information génétique? Il ne sera probablement pas possible de donner une explication cohérente du développement embryonnaire, de la différentiation cellulaire et du maintien de ľétat différencie tant que nous n'aurons pas repondu de manière satis-faisante à cette question. Dans un premier chapitre, quelques notions de base concernant ľexpression génétique sont préséntées. Le dogme de flux de ľinformation génétique dans la cellule, DNARNA protéine est valable à la fois pour les procaryotes et les eucaryotes malgré des différences significatives au niveau de la structure et de la régulation des gènes. Contrairement aux génes procaryotes, la plu-part des gènes eucaryotes sont morcelés. Le DNA codant pour une protéine est interrompu par des régions non-codantes dont les transcrits sont éliminés par excision pendant la maturation du RNA messager ultérieurement traduit en protéine. Une grande variété de mécanismes interviennent dans la régulation de ľactivité de ces gènes. Le pouvoir et les limites des méthodes modernes de ľanalyse structurale et fonctionnelle des génes sont discutés dans la deuxième partie de ľarticle. Ľhybridation moléculaire reposant sur la complémentarité des bases azotées des acides nucléiques joue un rôle déterminant dans ľétude de la complexity des génomes et de leur expression. Récemment, ľapplication de la technologie du DNA recombinant et des techniques annexes a permis ľisolement ainsi que la caractérisation de plusieurs génes eucaryotes. La question de ľexpression différentielle de ces génes est actuellement intensément étudiée dans plusieurs systèmes de transcription ayant chacun ses points forts et ses faiblesses. En guise de conclusion, quelques implications de ľessor prodigieux que connaît la génétique moléculaire sont discutées.

Análise de Crédito e Avaliação de Riscos em Instituições Bancárias

É indubitável que o sistema financeiro é parte integrante de qualquer sociedade. Através da sua função de intermediação, as instituições financeiras recebem recursos dos agentes superavitários e emprestam aos agentes deficitários mediante promessa de pagamento futuro. Num banco, que tem intermediação financeira como sua principal actividade, o crédito consiste em disponibilizar ao cliente recursos em valores sob a forma de financiamento e ou empréstimo mediante uma promessa de pagamento numa data acordada entre as partes. A discussão e implementação dos acordos de BASILEIA, nomeadamente o Basileia II, veio dar uma nova forma a esse relacionamento sector bancário/clientes determinando as regras no que respeita a concessão de crédito e gestão de risco, estabelecendo os limites de crédito associado ao grau de risco das operações. Surge então, por parte das instituições uma maior preocupação em gerir o crédito e os riscos inerentes a cada operação, apostando em ferramentas e metodologias adequadas ao processo creditício. As instituições bancárias passam a criar departamentos de risco, colocando a gestão de crédito e de risco nas mãos de profissionais especializados, agindo sob regras e padrões internacionais uniformizados. There is no doubt that the financial system is an integral part of any society. Through their intermediary role, financial institutions receive funds from surplus agents and lend to deficit agents, with promises of future payment. Banks, with their primary activity being the financial intermediation, the credit is provided to customers in the form of funding or loans and a promise of payment on a date agreed between the parties. The discussion and implementation of the Basel Accord, Basel II in particular, has given a new form to that relationship banking/customer, setting out the rules regarding the granting of credit and risk management, establishing credit limits associated with the degree of risk of operations. Banking institutions got more and more concerned with credit and risk management, in all of their operations, using tools and methodologies that are designed to meet the needs of crediting processes. Banking institutions are creating departments of risk, putting the management of credit risk in the hands of trained professionals, acting under internationally uniform rules and standards

Processos de Reconhecimento, Mensuração e Contabilização do Rédito

O reconhecimento e mensuração do rédito tornaram-se cada vez mais complexos devido a factores como a concorrência internacional e a rápida evolução dos modelos empresariais. O rédito é a componente do rendimento proveniente da actividade operacional da empresa, daí ser de suprema importância determinar-se o momento em que o mesmo deve ser reconhecido bem como os critérios adequados para mensurá-lo. Neste trabalho debruçamo-nos sobre os processos de reconhecimento e mensuração do rédito. Este trabalho foi elaborado em duas partes, na primeira, efectuou-se uma revisão às normas de referência ao tratamento do rédito, com o objectivo de esclarecer algumas questões que suscitam grandes dúvidas, quer no meio académico, quer no meio profissional como é o exemplo do tratamento a dar ao rédito proveniente dos contratos de construção de imóveis numa empresa do ramo imobiliário. Na segunda parte do trabalho, elaborou-se um estudo de caso sobre a empresa TECNICIL Imobiliária, precisamente para verificar na prática o tratamento dado ao rédito proveniente dos acordos de construção levados a cabo por esta entidade. E desse estudo podemos concluir que a entidade não observa o tratamento prescrito pelas normas de referência, particularmente a IFRIC 15 – Acordos para Construção de Imóveis e IAS 18 – Rédito. There is no doubt that the financial system is an integral part of any society. Through their intermediary role, financial institutions receive funds from surplus agents and lend to deficit agents, with promises of future payment. Banks, with their primary activity being the financial intermediation, the credit is provided to customers in the form of funding or loans and a promise of payment on a date agreed between the parties. The discussion and implementation of the Basel Accord, Basel II in particular, has given a new form to that relationship banking/customer, setting out the rules regarding the granting of credit and risk management, establishing credit limits associated with the degree of risk of operations. Banking institutions got more and more concerned with credit and risk management, in all of their operations, using tools and methodologies that are designed to meet the needs of crediting processes. Banking institutions are creating departments of risk, putting the management of credit risk in the hands of trained professionals, acting under internationally uniform rules and standards.

Análise Económica e Financeira como Instrumento de Apoio ao Processo Decisório

O foco central deste relatório consiste em mostrar a total importância da Análise Económica e Financeira como instrumento de apoio ao processo decisório. No contexto actual onde a concorrência é cada vez mais forte e a busca pela competitividade é uma necessidade constante, as empresas necessitam de informações precisas e oportunas para apoiar o processo decisório. A escassez de recursos financeiros e o elevado custo, aliado com a falta de planeamento e controle, têm contribuído para que muitas empresas encerrem suas actividades. A tomada de boas decisões torna-se, então, um factor crucial para assegurar a sobrevivência, crescimento e permanência da empresa no mercado. Neste sentido, buscamos trazer para todos os interessados alguns conceitos e técnicas fundamentais de análise e medição da performance económica e financeira das empresas que será igualmente útil, quer a nível académica, como também a nível profissional. Procuramos evidenciar a importância de se conhecer os indicadores que podem ser vistos como alertas de possíveis falências de empresas e com base nisso, tomar decisões que determinam que estratégias utilizar para enfrentar a concorrência. A finalizar este relatório procedemos a uma pesquisa Estudo de Caso que engloba uma análise económica e financeira, baseada na análise das Demonstrações Financeiras e demais informações complementares da TRANSCOR-SV, S.A. Foram explorados alguns conceitos relacionados com o tema, mostrando de forma simples e objectiva a situação de como a empresa vem actuando no mercado. Constámos algumas deficiências, pois, foram verificados alguns pontos fracos. Diante dos problemas, sugerimos formas de mudanças e de viabilidade dos mesmos. Esperamos, então, que este relatório contribua para a empresa analisar melhor a forma de administrar a parte económica e financeira e demais sectores.The central focus of this report consists of showing to total importance of the Analysis Economic and Financial as support instrument to the ruling process. In the context actual where the competition is more and more strong and the search for the competitiveness is a constant need, the companies need necessary and opportune information to support the ruling process. The shortage of financial resources and the high cost, ally with the planning lack and control, they have been contributing so that a lot of companies contain their activities. The socket of good decisions becomes, then, a crucial factor to assure the survival, growth and permanence of the company in the market. In this sense, we looked for to bring for all the interested parties, some concepts and fundamental techniques of analysis and measurement of the performance economic and financial of the companies, which will be equally useful, he/she wants to academic level, as well as at professional level. We tried to evidence, the importance of knowing the indicators that you/they can be seen as alerts of possible bankruptcies of companies and with base in that, to make decisions that determine which strategies to use to face the competition. To conclude this report we proceeded to a research Study of Case that includes an analysis economic and financial, based on the analysis of the Financial Demonstrations and other complementary information of TRANSCOR-S.V., S.A. Some concepts related with the theme were explored, showing the situation of simple form and objective of as the company is acting in the market. It was verified some deficiencies, because, some weak points were verified. Before the problems, we suggested forms of changes and of viability of the same ones.We waited, then, which this report contributes to company to analyze the form better of administering the part economic and financial and other sectors.

Campaign effects in direct-democratic votes in Switzerland

The purpose of this article is to analyse the conditions under which referendum campaigns have an impact on voting choices. Based on a model of opinion formation that integrates both campaign effects and partisan effects, we argue that campaign effects vary according to the context of the popular vote (size and type of conflict among the party elite and intensity and direction of the referendum campaign). We test our hypotheses with two-step estimations for hierarchical models on data covering 25 popular votes on foreign, European and immigration policy in Switzerland. Our results show strong campaign effects and they suggest that their strength and nature are indeed highly conditional on the context of the vote: the type of party coalition pre-structures the patterns of individual voting choices, campaign effects are higher when the campaign is highly intense and they are more symmetric when it is balanced.