Umedecimento do substrato na emergência e vigor de plântulas de pupunheira

A germinação rápida e uniforme das sementes, seguida por pronta emergência das plântulas são características altamente desejáveis na formação de mudas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito de diferentes níveis de umedecimento do substrato vermiculita sobre a porcentagem de emergência e o vigor de plântulas de pupunheira. O umedecimento da vermiculita com água nas quantidades de 60 a 90 ml/100 g de substrato (de 0,6 a 0,9 x o peso deste em água ou 77,6 a 86,7% da capacidade de retenção do substrato em água, respectivamente) resultaram na maior porcentagem de emergência das plântulas. O umedecimento com 90 ml água/100 g de vermiculita resultou em maior velocidade de emergência e vigor de plântulas (comprimento, diâmetro e massa).

Uso de extratos vegetais, manipueira e nematicida no controle do nematoide das galhas em cenoura

Extratos aquosos de várias espécies vegetais têm se mostrado promissores no controle alternativo do nematoide de galhas Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White), um dos agentes mais limitantes para o cultivo da cenoura. O presente estudo avaliou a ação de extratos aquosos provenientes de sete espécies vegetais aplicados aos 40, 50, 60, 70 e 80 dias após a semeadura da cenoura 'Nantes' em solo infestado com o nematoide. Outros três tratamentos foram constituídos de manipueira, água destilada (testemunha), os quais foram aplicados nos mesmos períodos dos extratos, e carbofuran 50G (80kg/ha), aplicado 60 dias após a semeadura uma única vez. As avaliações foram efetuadas aos 90 dias da inoculação, determinando-se a massa fresca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular total, o diâmetro e o comprimento das raízes comerciais e o número de galhas presentes nas raízes principais e secundárias. Plantas tratadas com manipueira, extratos de sementes de Ricinus communis L., sementes de Crotalaria juncea L., folhas + ramos + frutos de R. communis, folhas + ramos + inflorescências de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. e sementes de Azadirachta indica A. Juss. apresentaram maiores índices de peso total (raiz + parte aérea) e peso de parte aérea. O extrato à base de folha + ramos + fruto de R. communis proporcionou maior peso radicular total além de maior diâmetro da raiz principal da cenoura. Maiores pesos da raiz principal foram encontrados em plantas tratadas com manipueira e extrato de semente de R. communis. Com base nos resultados obtidos conclui-se que o extrato de sementes de R. communis e manipueira podem ser promissores no manejo alternativo de M. incognita.

Relações radiométricas no terço superior da copa de cafeeiro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Passado e presente nas relações Colômbia-Estados Unidos: a estratégia de internacionalização do conflito armado colombiano e as diretrizes da política externa norte-americana

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica das relações entre Colômbia e EUA, com ênfase no governo de Álvaro Uribe (2002-...). Para tanto, são examinadas a estratégia de internacionalização do conflito armado colombiano e os aspectos da intervenção dos EUA mediante o Plano Colômbia. Como conclusão, o trabalho sugere que as recentes mudanças políticas nos EUA têm causado impacto nas diretrizes das relações das relações entre EUA e Colômbia.

Professores da habilitação de magistério de 2º grau: dados pessoais e relações com o processo educativo

O artigo relata parte de estudo desenvolvido junto ao Núcleo de Ensino de Araraquara para caracterizar o professorado que atua em cursos de Magistério (antigo Normal). Por meio de questionários foram obtidas e analisadas informações relativas a sexo, idade, estado civil, experiências anteriores e responsabilidade pelo sustento da família. A análise focaliza relações com o processo educativo, com outros estudos e com aspectos extra-escolares.

Evolução da biodegradabilidade da matéria orgânica em um sistema de lagoas de estabilização

Waste stabilization ponds (WSP) have been widely used for sewage treatment in hot climate regions because they are economic and environmentally sustainable. In the present study a WSP complex comprising a primary facultative pond (PFP) followed by two maturation ponds (MP-1 and MP-2) was studied, in the city of Natal-RN. The main objective was to study the bio-degradability of organic matter through the determination of the kinetic constant k throughout the system. The work was carried out in two phases. In the first, the variability in BOD, COD and TOC concentrations and an analysis of the relations between these parameters, in the influent raw sewage, pond effluents and in specific areas inside the ponds was studied. In the second stage, the decay rate for organic matter (k) was determined throughout the system based on BOD tests on the influent sewage, pond effluents and water column samples taken from fixed locations within the ponds, using the mathematical methods of Least Squares and the Thomas equation. Subsequently k was estimated as a function of a hydrodynamic model determined from the dispersion number (d), using empirical methods and a Partial Hydrodynamic Evaluation (PHE), obtained from tracer studies in a section of the primary facultative pond corresponding to 10% of its total length. The concentrations of biodegradable organic matter, measured as BOD and COD, gradually reduced through the series of ponds, giving overall removal efficiencies of 71.95% for BOD and of 52.45% for COD. Determining the values for k, in the influent and effluent samples of the ponds using the mathematical method of Least Squares, gave the following values respectively: primary facultative pond (0,23 day-1 and 0,09 day-1), maturation 1 (0,04 day-1 and 0,03 day-1) and maturation 2 (0,03 day-1 and 0,08 day-1). When using the Thomas method, the values of k in the influents and effluents of the ponds were: primary facultative pond (0,17 day-1 and 0,07 day-1), maturation 1 (0,02 day-1 and 0,01 day-1) and maturation 2 (0,01 day-1 and 0,02 day-1). From the Partial Hydrodynamic Evaluation, in the first section of the facultative pond corresponding to 10% of its total length, it can be concluded from the dispersion number obtained of d = 0.04, that the hydraulic regime is one of dispersed flow with a kinetic constant value of 0.20 day-1

Os Estados Unidos e as relações internacionais contemporâneas

O artigo analisa a posição dos Estados Unidos nas relações internacionais pós-Guerra Fria, tomando como referência as controvérsias sobre os alcances e limites da sua postura hegemônica, que adquirem maior impulso a partir da formulação da chamada doutrina Bush, sistematizada no documento A Estratégia de Segurança Nacional dos EUA. No tratamento da temática proposta, enfatizam-se os seguintes aspectos: estabelecimento de um paralelo entre a transição dos séculos XIX-XX e XX-XXI, situando as características do imperialismo de cada época; uma análise da atual política externa dos Estados Unidos, enfocando o debate entre unilateralismo e multilateralismo, com destaque para as reações geradas pela intervenção no Iraque; uma discussão crítica das abordagens que visualizam na agenda de segurança da administração Bush um indicador de perda de hegemonia, que imporia a substituição da busca do consenso pela dominação aberta.

Abordando as relações ctsa no ensino da química a partir das crenças e atitudes de licenciandos: uma experiência ormativa no Sertão Nordestino

Este estudio investigó las actitudes y creencias de los estudiantes universitarios en Ciencias Químicas por la Universidad de Río Grande do Norte (UERN) como un paso hacia la elaboración de una propuesta de material didáctico para el estudio de las relaciones CTSA en la licenciatura en química. Para el conocimiento de las actitudes y creencias fue utilizado dos instrumentos (Escala Likert y un cuestionario), que proporcionó un análisis dentro del nuevo paradigma de investigación (cuantitativa y cualitativa) en la Enseñanza de la Ciencia y Matemáticas. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes de licenciatura en química tienen creencias positivistas y que suelen son considerados por algunos como ingenuas, como la creencia en el modelo de decisión tecnocrática, la linealidad del desarrollo científico y tecnológico que lleva a el bienestar social y neutralidad de los conocimientos científicotecnológico. Basándose en estos datos y la literatura sobre el tema se elaboraron tres módulos de aprendizaje: a) Cuestionando la hegemonía del conocimiento técnico y científico, b) Las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnología, sociedad y medio ambiente - las relaciones CTSA c) Propuesta de temática para la enseñanza de la química en una perspectiva de CTSA: El Río Mossoró. Por último, el material producido se utilizó en dos cursos ocurridos en el Campus Central en el Centro de Educación Superior en São Miguel, ambos de UERN. Los participantes expresaron su aprobación al enfoque trajo de el experimento propuesto y de el caso de simulación contenidos en la propuesta de

Referência ao discurso do outro: uma análise de problemas de relações de sentido entre discurso citado direto e indireto citante no gênero monográfico

In this study we investigate the reference to other s discourse done it through the resource of direct cited discourse at background section in monographic texts produced by university students at the last phase of final work in their graduate Letras course. This work is guided in cited/related discourse studies in Bakhtin (2004), Authier-Revuz (1990, 1998, 2004), Maingueneau (1996, 2002), Charaudeau and Maingueneau (2004); in genre approaches developed by Bakhtin (2000); Maingueneau (1996, 2002); socio-discursive interaction (BRONCKART, 1999, 2003; SCHNEUWLY, 2004; DOLZ e SCHNEUWLY, 2004) and Bazerman (2005); and also in presuppositions of Textual Linguistics presented by Charrolles (1988), Van Dijk (1997), Beaugrande and Dressier (1981), Koch and Travaglia (1993, 1995), Koch (2002, 2004) and Val (2000, 2004). We have established as aims to analyze and interpret meaning relations problems in how to articulate direct cited discourse with citing discourse and at the same time explain semantic implications that comes from that articulation that compromise text meaning, at background section in that monographic genre. The analysis, by qualitative and quantitative basis in eleven monographic works that form our corpus, gave us the opportunity to achieve and see that meaning relationships in the articulation of direct cited discourse with citing discourse show problems that may be categorized into three different groups: problems related to meaning relationships with citing discourse that comes before it, problems of meaning relationships with citing discourse that comes after it, and problems with of meaning relationships with citing discourse that come before it and at the same time with citing discourse that comes after it (i.e. in relation to both). These analysis also allow us assert that, these problems, just because they occur frequently, they affect the micro level text coherence, and they also compromise the text global meaning. The results show that students at Letras Course, even in the ending process of their course do not show the real domain in relation to some ways of direct cited discourse organization and working, and also how the ideas articulation work in the construction of relations between direct cited discourse and the citing discourse that can turn those students able to produce a text that enhance acceptable patterns

Práticas discursivas e relações afetivas na contemporaneidade: o caso dos verbos ficar e namorar no contexto do vestibular da UFRN

This work is inserted to Applied Linguistic studies, concerned to the understanding that language is a social practice, bringing a qualitative research, discussing essential aspects that involve the subject and his/her discursive practice: signification and valuation. Due to this, we have elected as subject study, the sense and values attributed to the verbs make out and date searched on the articles written in the Vestibular 2005 process promoted by the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), that had the following instruction: In a relationship, is it better make out , just date , or, both, make out and date ? This research is based on the Circle of Bakhtin s dialogic theory, as well as in the notions of instability in the affective relationships nowadays and in the individualization and multiplicity of contemporaneous subjectivity. Those papers are important to analyze the meaning and values that the verbs make out and date present, nowadays, as expressions of an affective relationship and how this situation can interfere in the positions of subjectivity in a formal instance as a vestibular. Those textual productions reflect those relationships, confronting temporary ones, whose discuss is marked, in general, by social voices that evaluate to make out negatively and to date positively

A constituição de identidades de mulheres : práticas discursivas e relações de poder

This research investigates the discursive constitution of identities; in spe-cial, it aim to problematize women identities constitution, pointing discursive prac-tices and power relations which involve them. The interviewed subjects had been adult women who had resumed their school trajectory, after certain period without frequenting educational establishments. Aware of that those identities can be per-ceived through the observations of the discursive practices, we question: which discursive practices and power relations involve and constitute those women? Which identity positionings they take through the discursive practices and power relations that include them and that are identified in their stories? Which linguistic marks characterize, in the speech of those women, forms of resistance in the con-stitution of identities? We intend to investigate the constitution of woman identities in the contemporanity; pointing discursive practices and power relations which in-volve women that converge to their identity constitution; exploring in the linguistic materiality effects of senses that emanate of the discursive practices and power relations which involve the collaborators in the identity constitution in private and public spaces. Research corpus is composed by stories of life granted by three women, collected through semidirected interview between 2004 and 2005. To ana-lyze the data, we base in authors as Pêcheux (1993; 2002), Foucault (1979; 1988; etc.), Butler (2003), Scott (1992; 1995), Hall (2000; 2004; 2005), Bauman (1999; 2005), among others that problematize questions as discourse, identity, social gender, power and its interfaces. The life stories had allowed to analyze: the gen-der identity constitution from discursive practices and relations of forces lived in the familiar scenery; assumed identity positionings from discursive practices in globalized urban contexts; power positions in the domestic and extradomestic sphere and new identity positionings

Influência do tabagismo passivo associado ao exercício físico realizado por ratas durante prenhez e lactação, sobre o desenvolvimento dos filhotes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Das relações entre imaginário e poesia na obra de Orides Fontela: o regime diurno da imagem

The present work seeks essentially to demonstrate how some anthropological structures of the imaginary, theorized by the French thinker Gilbert DURAND, projected themselves in a noticeable manner in the poetic work of the Brazilian poet Orides FONTELA. Chiefly we will demonstrate with great care in what way this projection and vivification occur through an imagination that not only materializes some fundamental archetypes of the human imagination, but also seeks to organize them through original poems in its form of presenting the poetic discourse, giving here a different contribution of the mythical or religious discourse, privileged places, since always, where the symbolic functions also manifest themselves

Relações entre mídia e lazer:o capitalismo, os meios e a apropriação do tempo livre nas sociedades industrial e pós-industrial

This research aims to understand the relationship between media, capitalism and ownership of free time for leisure practices in industrial societies and postindustrial. Searching is thus a conceptual framework that takes into account the kind of ideology that naturalizes the relationship of leisure with the foundations of contemporary media, and the media only with leisure, forgetting their insertion in the labor and industrial relations in society. We intend to demonstrate that every mode of production, in the capitalist system, entails a mode of reproduction. Methodologically, this is a first approximation, from theoretical concerns already performed, constituting a theoretical research, bibliographic and descriptive character. The results of the text drives us to the conclusion that the work and leisure spheres tend to be less and less differentiated, since both remain as activities of product management with the same intellective protocols, based on information and communication technology, and that accordingly, the media favors an expansion of productive activity even during leisure time

Medicina filosófica: as relações entre medicina e filosofia na Grécia antiga e em Kant

This work deals with the relationship between medicine and philosophy, which has existed since Antiquity, and will also be discussed here from Kant s perspective. It presents the historical context formed by reciprocal influences of common notions regarding health/disease, balance/justice, and just measure, which are present in the medical discourse as much as in the philosophical one. It considers that Hippocratic medicine emerges from concerns about dietetics, thus creating the link between philosophy and medicine, which is important for our analysis on Kant s contributions to Hippocratic legacy. Taking into account these considerations, the work distinguishes between two aspects which are associated within the dietetics presented by Kant in his work The conflict of the faculties, studied here in the light of his Doctrine of virtue, particularly the duties to oneself in regard the care of one s body and the teleological conception. In this sense, the work indicates the role of Kantian thinking not only to enrich medical dietetics, by lending to it moral value, but also to enrich philosophy by highlighting its therapeutic effects