Escala de Katz

Unidade 4 do curso de especialização de Saúde da pessoa idosa. Apresenta a escala de Katz e a forma de utilização na avaliação de funcionalidade da pessoa idosa.

Escala de Lawton

Unidade 4 do curso de especialização Saúde da pessoa idosa. Apresenta a escala de Lawton e sua aplicação na avaliação funcional da pessoa idosa

Como priorizar as visitas domiciliares com base na Escala de Risco Familiar

A visita domiciliar constitui-se de uma importante ação integrante do Programa Saúde da Família que tem como objetivo oferecer condutas de promoção, proteção e recuperação da saúde do indivíduo, da família e da coletividade, em seu espaço domiciliar. Assim, possibilita atenção interdisciplinar e multiprofissional no âmbito do domicílio. É um instrumento que promove um grande vínculo entre o profissional de saúde e as famílias de seu território de atuação, fazendo conhecer a realidade do indivíduo e de sua família in loco. Tendo em vista o princípio da "equidade" do Sistema Único de Saúde, que revela a preocupação de se tratar "desigualmente os desiguais", é imprescindível a utilização de um método que diferencie as famílias, na intenção de privilegiar aquelas que possuem maior urgência dos cuidados propiciados pela visita domiciliar, sem esquecer aquelas que também integram o território de atuação da Equipe de Saúde da Família, mas que possuem menor urgência. A Escala de Risco Familiar de COELHO-SAVASSI, baseada na interpretação da Ficha A do Sistema de Informação de Atenção Básica, foi construída com o propósito de fazer tal diferenciação das famílias, priorizando aquelas que mais necessitam da visita domiciliar, facilitando e potencializando a atuação da Equipe de Saúde da Família na comunidade domiciliar. Para que seja utilizada de modo eficaz, é imprescindível que os membros da Equipe de Saúde da Família estejam familiarizados com o correto preenchimento da Ficha A do Sistema de Informação de Atenção Básica, dedicando grande cuidado na identificação e transcrição de cada item pesquisado.

A utilização da escala de coelho para sistematização da visita domiciliária em uma Equipe de Saúde da Família

Em janeiro de 2013 a Equipe de Saúde da Família, realizou o levantamento de problemas da comunidade. Após estudo sobre relevância dos problemas e capacidade de governabilidade da equipe, priorizou-se atuar sobre a situação "pouco tempo disponível na agenda da equipe para ações programadas, com ênfase na visita domiciliar". Este trabalho visa apresentar o Plano de Ação para intervenção no problema citado. Tendo em vista que a equipe não tem governabilidade sobre todos os aspectos do problema, focou-se a ação sobre o Processo de Trabalho da equipe. Foi proposto utilizar a Escala de Coelho, um instrumento que se destina á classificar o risco das famílias da área de abrangência da equipe. A utilização de instrumento próprio para classificação de risco familiar, como a Escala de Coelho, visa estabelecer critérios objetivos para a priorização das visitas domiciliares, garantindo otimização dos recursos da equipe, sistematização do processo de trabalho e garantia de equidade nos serviços prestados. Utilizando a metodologia do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional, foi estabelecido plano de ação, com vistas a sistematizar o processo de visitas domiciliares na Equipe de Saúde da Família e ainda a reorganização das agendas de trabalho. Diversos fatores foram identificados como detentores de recursos necessários para a realização do plano de ação e ações estratégicas foram definidas para que os mesmos pudessem contribuir para este fim. O plano de ação, entretanto não é um instrumento acabado e para alcançar efetivamente os resultados desejados deve ser acompanhado e reestruturado sempre que necessário.

Utilização da escala de risco familiar de Coelho-Savassi na organização das visitas domiciliares da ESF Jardim de Viga

A visita domiciliar é uma ferramenta de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família utilizada principalmente pelos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS). Frente a demandas de diferentes complexidades, a equipe da ESF Jardim de Viga, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, sentiu a necessidade organizar as visitas domiciliares de forma atender a todas as famílias considerando a equidade nesta ação. A demanda de visitas domiciliares é alta e a complexidade dos pacientes também em sua maioria. O objetivo do trabalho é utilizar a Escala de Risco Familiar de Coelho-Savassi junto a equipe de saúde para classificar o risco familiar e priorizar as visitas para um melhor atendimento a população de um modo geral.

Utilização da escala de risco familiar de Coelho-Savassi na organização das visitas domiciliares da ESF Jardim de Viga

A visita domiciliar é uma ferramenta de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família utilizada principalmente pelos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS). Frente a demandas de diferentes complexidades, a equipe da ESF Jardim de Viga, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, sentiu a necessidade organizar as visitas domiciliares de forma atender a todas as famílias considerando a equidade nesta ação. A demanda de visitas domiciliares é alta e a complexidade dos pacientes também em sua maioria. O objetivo do trabalho é utilizar a Escala de Risco Familiar de Coelho-Savassi junto a equipe de saúde para classificar o risco familiar e priorizar as visitas para um melhor atendimento a população de um modo geral.

Aspectos técnicos da monitorização da pressão intracraniana pelo método subaracnóideo no traumatismo craniencefálico grave

Two hundred and six patients with severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 points or less after nonsurgical resuscitation on admission), managed at Intensive Care Unit-Hospital das Clínicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas were prospectively analysed. All patients were assessed by CT scan and 72 required neurosurgical intervention. All patients were continuously monitored to evaluate intracranial pressure (ICP) levels by a subarachnoid device (11 with subarachnoid metallic bolts and 195 with subarachnoid polyvinyl catheters). The ICP levels were continuously observed in the bedside pressure monitor display and their end-hour values were recorded in a standard chart. The patients were managed according to a standard protocol guided by the ICP levels. There were no intracranial haemorrhagic complications or hematomas due the monitoring method. Sixty six patients were punctured by lateral C1-C2 technique to assess infectious complications and 2 had positive cerebrospinal fluid samples for Acinetobacter sp. The final results measured at hospital discharge showed 75 deaths (36,40%) and 131 (63,60%) survivors. ICP levels had significantly influenced the final results (p<0,001). The subarachnoid method to continuously assess the ICP levels was considered aplicable, safe, simple, low cost and useful to advise the management of the patients. The ICP record methodology was practical and useful. Despite the current technical advances the subarachnoid method was considered viable to assess the ICP levels in severe head injury.

Estimativa de bem-estar de frango de corte em função da concentração de amônia e grau de luminosidade no galpão de produção

Brazil is an important poultry meat export country, and large parts of its destination are countries with specific rearing restrictions related to broiler s welfare. One of the aerial pollutants mostly found in high concentrations in closed poultry housing environment is ammonia. There are evidences that broilers welfare may be compromised by the continuous exposition to this pollutant in rearing housing. This research aimed to estimate broilers welfare reared under specific thermal environmental attributes and bird s density, as function of the ammonia concentration and light intensity inside the housing environment using the Fuzzy Theory. Results showed that the best welfare value (0.89 in the scale: 0-1) approximately 90% of the ideal was found in the conditions that associated the ideal thermal environment, with bird s density between 13-15 birds m-2, with values of the ammonia concentration in the environment below 5 ppm, and light intensity near 1 lx. Using the predictive method it was possible to estimate broilers welfare with relation to the ammonia concentration and light intensity in the housing.

Modelos de regressão lineares para estimativa de produtividade da soja no oeste do Paraná, utilizando dados espectrais

The main objective of this work was to evaluate the linear regression between spectral response and soybean yield in regional scale. In this study were monitored 36 municipalities from the west region of the states of Parana using five images of Landsat 5/TM during 2004/05 season. The spectral response was converted in physical values, apparent and surface reflectances, by radiometric transformation and atmospheric corrections and both used to calculate NDVI and GVI vegetation indices. Those ones were compared by multiple and simple regression with government official yield values (IBGE). Diagnostic processing method to identify influents values or collinearity was applied to the data too. The results showed that the mean surface reflectance value from all images was more correlated with yield than individual dates. Further, the multiple regressions using all dates and both vegetation indices gave better results than simple regression.

Insegurança alimentar em domicílios brasileiros com crianças menores de cinco anos

This article analyzes food insecurity and hunger in Brazilian families with children under five years of age. This was a nationally representative cross-sectional study using data from the National Demographic and Health Survey on Women and Children (PNDS-2006), in which the outcome variable was moderate to severe food insecurity, measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios were generated with 95% confidence intervals. The results showed a high prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity, concentrated in the North and Northeast regions (30.7%), in economic classes D and E (34%), and in beneficiaries of conditional cash transfer programs (36.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that the socioeconomic relative risks (beneficiaries of conditional cash transfers), regional relative risks (North and Northeast regions), and economic relative risks (classes D and E) were 1.8, 2.0 and 2.4, respectively. Aggregation of the three risks showed 48% of families with moderate to severe food insecurity, meaning that adults and children were going hungry during the three months preceding the survey.

Estilos motivacionais de professores: propriedades psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação

The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory factorial analysis of Problems in School, a teachers' motivational styles evaluation instrument, constructed by Deci et al. The original instrument is in a Likert-scale format with the underlying assumption of the existence of a continuum of four different styles contributing to promote students' autonomy. Translated into portuguese, the instrument was applied to 582 elementary and junior high school teachers from several regions of Brazil. Factorial analyses revealed a solution with four orthogonal distinct factors, the authors' initial supposition (existence of a continuum) was not confirmed. In fact, only two opposite styles (both high promotion of autonomy and of control) corresponded to the Deci et al. original ideas. Problems regarding the validity of the other remaining styles emerged. Data was discussed and a revised version of the scale was developed. Directions for further research were also suggested.

Estratégias de aprendizagem e desempenho acadêmico: evidências de validade

The purpose of the present study was to verify the factorial validity of a learning strategy scale as well as to explore the concurrent validity of the instrument in regard to students´ academic achievement. The sample was composed of 815 basic education children from both public and private schools of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The Learning Strategy Scale was collectively applied. Exploratory factorial analyses were conducted to achieve the purposes of the study. The alphas of Cronbach of the instrument and of its three subscales showed good reliability. Variance analyses showed significant differences between school achievement and punctuation in the scale. The data were discussed in terms of their possible implications for the psycho-educational evaluation area.

Aprendizagem autorregulada da leitura: resultados positivos de uma intervenção psicopedagógica

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pedagogical intervention to improve the reading comprehension of fourth grade students of a public primary school. Two classes of 28 students were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The students were assessed during three different moments by means of an informative questionnaire, a Learning Strategies Scale and two cloze tests for reading comprehension. The intervention consisted of seven sessions which included learning strategies instruction, reading strategies instruction, meta-cognition activation, motivational support and study guidance. Results showed improvement in meta-cognition and in reading comprehension in both groups. However, gains were higher and more consistent in the experimental group.

Evaluation of the performance of different plastics used to seal nylon cDNA arrays

cDNA arrays are a powerful tool for discovering gene expression patterns. Nylon arrays have the advantage that they can be re-used several times. A key issue in high throughput gene expression analysis is sensitivity. In the case of nylon arrays, signal detection can be affected by the plastic bags used to keep membranes humid. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five types of plastics on the radioactive transmittance, number of genes with a signal above the background, and data variability. A polyethylene plastic bag 69 μm thick had a strong shielding effect that blocked 68.7% of the radioactive signal. The shielding effect on transmittance decreased the number of detected genes and increased the data variability. Other plastics which were thinner gave better results. Although plastics made from polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride (both 13 μm thick) and polyethylene (29 and 7 μm thick) showed different levels of transmittance, they all gave similarly good performances. Polyvinylidene chloride and polyethylene 29 mm thick were the plastics of choice because of their easy handling. For other types of plastics, it is advisable to run a simple check on their performance in order to obtain the maximum information from nylon cDNA arrays.

Tissue culture of Cecropia glaziovii Sneth (urticaceae): vegetative micropropagation and plant regeneration from callus

Cecropia glaziovii is a tree with used in Brazilian popular medicine. Methods allowing the clonal propagation of this species are of great interest for superior genotype multiplication and perpetuation. For this reason, we examined the effect of different culture media and different types of explants on adventitious shoot regeneration from callus and buds of C. glaziovii. Leaves, petioles and stipules obtained from aseptically grown seedlings or from pre-sterilized plants were used to initiate cultures. Adventitious shoot regeneration was achieved when apical and axillary buds were inoculated on gelled Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine alone (BAP) (1.0, 5.0 or 10.0 mg L-1) or combined with -naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (1.0 or 2.0 mg L-1), after 40 days of culture. Best callus production was obtained after 30 days of petioles' culture on gelled MS medium with 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (5.0 mg L-1) combined with BAP (1.0 mg L-1). Successful shoot regeneration from callus was achieved when MS medium supplemented with zeatin (ZEA) (0.1 mg L-1) alone or combined with 2,4-D (1.0 or 5.0 mg L-1) was inoculated with friable callus obtained from petioles. All shoots were rooted by inoculation on MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (1.0 mg L-1). Rooted plants transferred to potting soil were successfully established. All in vitro regenerated plantlets showed to be normal, without morphological variations, being also identical to the source plant. Our study has shown that C. glaziovii can be propagated by tissue culture methods, allowing large scale multiplication of superior plants for pharmacological purposes.