Projecte d'una instal·lació elèctrica i una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa de baixa tensió, en una nau industrial

Dissenyar la xarxa elèctrica d'una nau industrial i dissenyar una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa de baixa tensió. Per a la instal·lació de la nova xarxa elèctrica s'ha aprofitat tot l'enllumenat, els endolls i els interruptors existents en la nau, de l'anterior instal·lació, que s'ha quedat obsoleta degut a la instal·lació de noves màquines. S'ha escollit una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa elèctrica perquè s'utilitza una energia purament neta i inesgotable, perquè té una bona rentabilitat.

Cálculo y diseño de la estructura de una nave industrial destinada a un centro de mecanizado

En el siguiente proyecto se pretende realizar los cálculos correctos para determinar cual ha de ser la estructura y las cimentaciones de una nave industrial perfectamente diseñada. El àmbito de aplicación del proyecto es la arquitectura industrial.

Características físicas e físico-químicas de um tipo de bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) com rendimento industrial superior

Efetuou-se a caracterização física do fruto e físico-química da polpa do bacuri CPATU 207-3, oriundo de uma planta-matriz do Banco de Germoplasma de Bacurizeiro da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para a caracterização física foi utilizada uma amostra de 50 frutos, os quais foram individualmente analisados quanto aos seguintes aspectos: cor do epicarpo, formato, peso, comprimento, diâmetro, espessura da casca, volume da cavidade interna, número de sementes e de segmentos partenocárpicos, rendimentos porcentuais (p/p) de casca, polpa, sementes e do conjunto representado pela coluna placentária e óvulos abortados. A caracterização físico-química foi efetuada em três amostras de polpa congelada a 18ºC negativos, provenientes de frutos em completo estádio de maturação, coletados nos meses de janeiro, fevereiro e março de 2001, tendo sido consideradas as seguintes variáveis: teores de umidade, de sólidos totais e de sólidos solúveis totais (ºBrix), pH, acidez total e a relação sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável. O bacuri CPATU 207-3 apresentou formato ovalado e com ápice ligeiramente pontiagudo, epicarpo de coloração amarelada, fruto de tamanho considerado médio e peso médio de 265,8 g. As principais características diferenciais desse tipo de bacuri são: a espessura da casca (0,75cm), o rendimento porcentual de polpa (27,7%) e o número de segmentos partenocárpicos (2,8 unidades/fruto). A polpa do bacuri CPATU 207-3 apresentou boas características físico-químicas, com 84,35% de umidade, 15,65% de sólidos totais, teor de sólidos solúveis totais de 14,53ºBrix, pH 3,34, acidez total titulável de 1,24% e relação ºBrix/acidez total titulável igual a 11,4. As características físicas e físico-químicas desse tipo de bacuri permitem sua utilização tanto para consumo na forma de fruta fresca como na forma industrializada. Nesse último caso, é particularmente indicado para fabricação de compota, em decorrência do elevado número de segmentos partenocárpicos que apresenta.

Disseny d'una nau bioclimàtica sense ús determinat, ubicat al Polígon Industrial "Camí dels Frares" de Lleida

L'objecte del present projecte tècnic és la descripció de la climatització d'una nau industrial bioclimàtica, fent ús de sistemes passius i si fos necessari, de sistemes actius. El concepte de bioclimàtic procedeix de bios-vida i clima - orientació. El propòsit d'aquest disseny arquitectònic és que des del punt de vista energètic permeti que la nau mantingui un nivell de confort tant en hivern com en estiu, aplicant una sèrie de criteris de disseny a fi d'utilitzar els elements constructius i funcionals propis de l'edifici per tal d'aconseguir un bon control del seu comportament energètic.

Disseny de la instal·lació de climatització de l'ampliació d'una nau industrial destinada a oficines

L'objectiu del projecte és dissenyar la instal·lació de climatització. Es durà a terme utilitzant terra radiant per la calefacció, fent ús de l'energia solar per escalfar l'aigua. També es durà a terme el sistema de refrigeració i ventilació, així­ com la instal·lació solar d'ACS.

Diseño de una nave industrial sin uso específico en la localidad de Vilamalla

En el proyecto se ha diseñado una nave industrial teniendo en cuenta la normativa vigente en el sector y una serie de consideraciones realizadas, como la posibilidad de una futua ampliación o la existencia de puente grúa y de un altillo. También se han estudiado las distintas alternativas que nos ofrece el mercado para construir la estructura de la nave industrial, eligiendo el hormigón prefabricado y el panel sandwich de cubierta como los más apropiados para nuetro caso. Finalmente, se ha justificado el conjunto de acciones (cargas) existentes en la nave, el cálculo de las principales piezas de alimentación requerida.

Projecte d’urbanització del sector 22 – Polígon industrial de Can Sunyer

L’objecte del projecte és la renovació de les infraestructures i serveis d’un polígon industrial de 28, 5 hectàrees situat al municipi de Sant Andreu de la Barca. Amb les millores es preveu millorar la qualitat de vida dels principals usuaris i la integració del polígon dins la xarxa de polígons de la resta del municipi, per altra banda, es planteja que determinades zones del polígon puguin ser utilitzades com a zones de lleure. La millora de les infraestructures comprén: Xarxa de sanejament, xarxa d’aigua potable, xarxa elèctrica , xarxa d’enllumenat públic, millora del ferm i projecció d’un espai verd públic.

Competitor Information andCompetitive Knowledge Management in a Large Industrial Organization

Thisthesis supplements the systematic approach to competitive intelligence and competitor analysis by introducing an information-processing perspective on management of the competitive environment and competitors therein. The cognitive questions connected to the intelligence process and also the means that organizational actors use in sharing information are discussed. The ultimate aim has been to deepen knowledge of the different intraorganizational processes that are used in acorporate organization to manage and exploit the vast amount of competitor information that is received from the environment. Competitor information and competitive knowledge management is examined as a process, where organizational actorsidentify and perceive the competitive environment by using cognitive simplification, make interpretations resulting in learning and finally utilize competitor information and competitive knowledge in their work processes. The sharing of competitive information and competitive knowledge is facilitated by intraorganizational networks that evolve as a means of developing a shared, organizational level knowledge structure and ensuring that the right information is in the right place at the right time. This thesis approaches competitor information and competitive knowledge management both theoretically and empirically. Based on the conceptual framework developed by theoretical elaboration, further understanding of the studied phenomena is sought by an empirical study. The empirical research was carried out in a multinationally operating forest industry company. This thesis makes some preliminary suggestions of improving the competitive intelligence process. It is concluded that managing competitor information and competitive knowledge is not simply a question of managing information flow or improving sophistication of competitor analysis, but the crucial question to be solved is rather, how to improve the cognitive capabilities connected to identifying and making interpretations of the competitive environment and how to increase learning. It is claimed that competitive intelligence can not be treated like an organizational function or assigned solely to a specialized intelligence unit.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor for industrial inverter applications - analysis and design

During the latest few years the need for new motor types has grown, since both high efficiency and an accurate dynamic performance are demanded in industrial applications. For this reason, new effective control systems such as direct torque control (DTC) have been developed. Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are well suitable for new adjustable speed AC inverter drives, because their efficiency and power factor are not depending on the pole pair number and speed to the same extent as it is the case in induction motors. Therefore, an induction motor (IM) with a mechanical gearbox can often be replaced with a direct PM motor drive. Space as well as costs will be saved, because the efficiency increases and the cost of maintenance decreases as well. This thesis deals with design criterion, analytical calculation and analysis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor for both sinusoidal air-gap flux density and rectangular air-gapflux density. It is examined how the air-gap flux, flux densities, inductances and torque can be estimated analytically for salient pole and non-salient pole motors. It has been sought by means of analytical calculations for the ultimate construction for machines rotating at relative low 300 rpm to 600 rpm speeds, which are suitable speeds e.g. in Pulp&Paper industry. The calculations are verified by using Finite Element calculations and by measuring of prototype motor. The prototype motor is a 45 kW, 600 rpm PMSM with buried V-magnets, which is a very appropriate construction for high torque motors with a high performance. With the purposebuilt prototype machine it is possible not only to verify the analytical calculations but also to show whether the 600 rpm PMSM can replace the 1500 rpm IM with a gear. It can also be tested if the outer dimensions of the PMSM may be the same as for the IM and if the PMSM in this case can produce a 2.5 fold torque, in consequence of which it may be possible to achieve the same power. The thesis also considers the question how to design a permanent magnet synchronous motor for relatively low speed applications that require a high motor torqueand efficiency as well as bearable costs of permanent magnet materials. It is shown how a selection of different parameters affects the motor properties. Key words: Permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM, surface magnets, buried magnets

Applicability of Power-Line Communications to Data Transfer of On-line Condition Monitoring of Electrical Drives

The research of power-line communications has been concentrated on home automation, broadband indoor communications and broadband data transfer in a low voltage distribution network between home andtransformer station. There has not been carried out much research work that is focused on the high frequency characteristics of industrial low voltage distribution networks. The industrial low voltage distribution network may be utilised as a communication channel to data transfer required by the on-line condition monitoring of electric motors. The advantage of using power-line data transfer is that it does not require the installing of new cables. In the first part of this work, the characteristics of industrial low voltage distribution network components and the pilot distribution network are measured and modelled with respect topower-line communications frequencies up to 30 MHz. The distributed inductances, capacitances and attenuation of MCMK type low voltage power cables are measured in the frequency band 100 kHz - 30 MHz and an attenuation formula for the cables is formed based on the measurements. The input impedances of electric motors (15-250 kW) are measured using several signal couplings and measurement based input impedance model for electric motor with a slotted stator is formed. The model is designed for the frequency band 10 kHz - 30 MHz. Next, the effect of DC (direct current) voltage link inverter on power line data transfer is briefly analysed. Finally, a pilot distribution network is formed and signal attenuation in communication channels in the pilot environment is measured. The results are compared with the simulations that are carried out utilising the developed models and measured parameters for cables and motors. In the second part of this work, a narrowband power-line data transfer system is developed for the data transfer ofon-line condition monitoring of electric motors. It is developed using standardintegrated circuits. The system is tested in the pilot environment and the applicability of the system for the data transfer required by the on-line condition monitoring of electric motors is analysed.

A mathematical study of fuzzy logic; an algebraic approach

Fuzzy set theory and Fuzzy logic is studied from a mathematical point of view. The main goal is to investigatecommon mathematical structures in various fuzzy logical inference systems and to establish a general mathematical basis for fuzzy logic when considered as multi-valued logic. The study is composed of six distinct publications. The first paper deals with Mattila'sLPC+Ch Calculus. THis fuzzy inference system is an attempt to introduce linguistic objects to mathematical logic without defining these objects mathematically.LPC+Ch Calculus is analyzed from algebraic point of view and it is demonstratedthat suitable factorization of the set of well formed formulae (in fact, Lindenbaum algebra) leads to a structure called ET-algebra and introduced in the beginning of the paper. On its basis, all the theorems presented by Mattila and many others can be proved in a simple way which is demonstrated in the Lemmas 1 and 2and Propositions 1-3. The conclusion critically discusses some other issues of LPC+Ch Calculus, specially that no formal semantics for it is given.In the second paper the characterization of solvability of the relational equation RoX=T, where R, X, T are fuzzy relations, X the unknown one, and o the minimum-induced composition by Sanchez, is extended to compositions induced by more general products in the general value lattice. Moreover, the procedure also applies to systemsof equations. In the third publication common features in various fuzzy logicalsystems are investigated. It turns out that adjoint couples and residuated lattices are very often present, though not always explicitly expressed. Some minor new results are also proved.The fourth study concerns Novak's paper, in which Novak introduced first-order fuzzy logic and proved, among other things, the semantico-syntactical completeness of this logic. He also demonstrated that the algebra of his logic is a generalized residuated lattice. In proving that the examination of Novak's logic can be reduced to the examination of locally finite MV-algebras.In the fifth paper a multi-valued sentential logic with values of truth in an injective MV-algebra is introduced and the axiomatizability of this logic is proved. The paper developes some ideas of Goguen and generalizes the results of Pavelka on the unit interval. Our proof for the completeness is purely algebraic. A corollary of the Completeness Theorem is that fuzzy logic on the unit interval is semantically complete if, and only if the algebra of the valuesof truth is a complete MV-algebra. The Compactness Theorem holds in our well-defined fuzzy sentential logic, while the Deduction Theorem and the Finiteness Theorem do not. Because of its generality and good-behaviour, MV-valued logic can be regarded as a mathematical basis of fuzzy reasoning. The last paper is a continuation of the fifth study. The semantics and syntax of fuzzy predicate logic with values of truth in ana injective MV-algerba are introduced, and a list of universally valid sentences is established. The system is proved to be semanticallycomplete. This proof is based on an idea utilizing some elementary properties of injective MV-algebras and MV-homomorphisms, and is purely algebraic.

Unas reflexiones sobre localización industrial aplicadas a la industria catalana

El trabajo es una reflexión sobre las pautas de localización industrial,con una especial referencia a la industria de la economía catalana. En el estudio se realiza una revisión de los principales factores explicativos de la localización y aglomeración industrial defendidos por las teorías de la localización. Con estos argumentos de base, posteriormente el análisis se aplica a una división de catorce grandes sectores industriales catalanes. El objetivo es llegar a conclusiones acerca de si los sectores en los que la industria catalana muestra mayor grado de especialización son también aquellos que, a tenor de los principales factores que inciden en la localización industrial, tienen mayor riesgo de sufrir futuras deslocalizaciones.

Caracterización de las almazaras cooperativas catalanas, análisis interno de la fase industrial o de transformación

En el presente artículo hemos tratado de analizar las características de las almazaras cooperativas catalanas con la finalidad de destacar no solamente sus elementos más importantes de gestión sino también sus principales debilidades.Las cooperativas se consideran instrumentos útiles para acometer políticas de desarrollo económico y bienestar social. A pesar de ello hay un gran debate abierto acerca de la eficiencia de estas organizaciones, que plantean el interrogante de si están en condiciones de competir con éxito en una economía cada vez más abierta, liberalizada y global. A través de las encuestas que hemos realizado al conjunto de las cooperativas oleícolas de Catalunya, hemos podido averiguar sus características distintivas, así como las principales desventajas y problemas a los que se enfrentan. Creemos puede ser de interés analizar las características de estas organizaciones, que tanto desde el punto de vista organizativo como de recursos humanos, como financiero, las hace diferentes de otro tipo de organizaciones pero que sin embargo, han de hacer frente a un mercado cada día más exigente y competitivo.

Aproximación multicriterio a la estructura industrial de la economía española

El trabajo presenta una forma alternativa de analizar la estructura industrial de la economía española. En concreto, el estudio se interesa tanto por la vertiente de la estructura productiva sectorial, como por la vertiente de la especialización territorial. Mediante la técnica multicriterio se acceden a programas de optimización que, a partir de las variables que se consideran más relevantes (empleo, valor añadido y número de establecimientos) determina, por un lado, qué sectores son los más significativos dentro del tejido industrial de la economía española, y por otro lado, se llega a determinar qué Comunidades Autónomas son las que adquieren mayor peso relativo para cada uno de los sectores industriales.