Effects of the flooding gradient on tree community diversity in varzea forests of the purus river, central Amazon, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Switch allocation problems in power distribution systems

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise estrutural em relictos de cerrado no parque estadual do Guartelá, município de Tibagi, estado do Paraná, Brasil

This study was accomplished in existing Cerrado's relicts at State Park Guartelá, Tibagi, PR (24°39'10S and 50°15'25W), which represent one of the last extreme-meridional remanescents of this type of formation. Fifty plots with dimensions of 5x5m were allocated for phyto-sociological analysis, including in the sample individuals with height ≥ 1 m, divided into two samples to evaluate the following strata: a) upper-plants with DAS ≥ 3 cm, and b) intermediate - plants with DAS <3cm. Moreover, in each plot, there were established sub-plots with dimensions of 1x1m for sampling the lower stratum, comprised by individuals with height <1m and >10cm. The complete survey found 1340 individuals distributed in 28 families, 66 genera and 115 species. The diversity index was higher for the mean component (H'=3.30), followed by the superior component (H'=3.09) and the inferior (H'=2.91). The frequent occurrence of bushes is a remarkable characteristic of the physiognomy of the areas inside the park and 82 % of the populations studied are distributed in aggregated standard. Because it is a marginal region of occurrence of cerrado vegetation, now under the influence of a subtropical climate, more humid and cold, compared to the core area of this biome, it is noted that these areas are characterized by a decrease in stature, richness and diversity of its flora. Nevertheless, they preserve typical species of the Brazilian Savannah; but, due to their distribution in relicts and been, in part, devastated, some are included in the red list of endangered plants in Parana state, which evidences the importance of conservation and management of these areas.

Myosin heavy chain expression and atrophy in rat skeletal muscle during transition from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether changes in myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression and atrophy in rat skeletal muscle are observed during transition from cardiac hypertrophy to chronic heart failure (CHF) induced by aortic stenosis (AS). AS and control animals were studied 12 and 18 weeks after surgery and when overt CHF had developed in AS animals, 28 weeks after the surgery. The following parameters were studied in the soleus muscle: muscle atrophy index (soleus weight/body weight), muscle fibre diameter and frequency and MHC expression. AS animals presented decreases in both MHC1 and type I fibres and increases in both MHC2a and type IIa fibres during late cardiac hypertrophy and CHF. Type IIa fibre atrophy occurred during CHF. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that skeletal muscle phenotype changes occur in both late cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure; this suggests that attention should be given to the fact that skeletal muscle phenotype changes occur prior to overt heart failure symptoms.

The effect of self-adhesive and self-etching resin cements on the bond strength of nonmetallic posts in different root thirds

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-adhesive and self-etching resin cements on the bond strength of nonmetallic posts in different root regions. Sixty single-rooted human teeth were decoronated, endodontically treated, post-space prepared, and divided into six groups. Glass-fiber (GF) posts (Exacto, Angelus) and fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) posts (EverStick, StickTeck) were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Breeze) (SA) (Pentral Clinical) and self-etching resin cement (Panavia-F) (SE) (Kuraray). Six 1-mm-thick rods were obtained from the cervical (C), middle (M), and apical (A) regions of the roots. The specimens were then subjected to microtensile testing in a special machine (BISCO; Schaumburg, IL, USA) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Microtensile bond strength data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. Means (and SD) of the MPa were: GF/SA/C: 14.32 (2.84), GF/SA/M: 10.69 (2.72), GF/SA/A: 6.77 (2.17), GF/SE/C: 11.56 (4.13), GF/SE/M: 6.49 (2.54), GF/SE/A: 3.60 (1.29), FRC/SA/C: 16.89 (2.66), FRC/SA/M: 13.18 (2.19), FRC/SA/A: 8.45 (1.77), FRC/SE/C: 13.69 (3.26), FRC/SE/M: 9.58 (2.23), FRC/SE/A: 5.62 (2.12). The difference among the regions was statistically significant for all groups (p < 0.05). The self-adhesive resin cement showed better results than the self-etching resin cement when compared to each post (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in bond strengths of the resin cements when comparable to each post (p > 0.05). The bond strength values were significantly affected by the resin cement and the highest values were found for self-adhesive resin cement.

Modelagem dos níveis freáticos do sistema aquífero Bauru (SAB) em diferentes usos da terra no município de Assis - SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Uma ponte entre o Brasil e a França: histórias da meia-noite, de Machado de Assis

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Parafunctional activities in brazilian children and adolescent

The etiology of TMD in children and adolescents is considered multifactorial and has been related to parafunctional habits.The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of parafunctional habits in elementary school students of “Colégio Ipê de Assis” (Assis, SP - Brazil). In the present research was administered questionnaire (15 questions) proposed by the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of TMD, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP. The sample was composed of 80 elementary school students of the “Colégio Ipê de Assis” (Assis, SP - Brazil). The project was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba/ UNESP. All parents and responsible of the students received instruction about the research and preservation of identity and provide clarification if in doubt. Beyond that, they were requested to sign the informed consent in order to facilitate the participation of students. Females comprised 47,5% and males 52,5%, with age ranging from 10 to 14. The students were classified into two groups as follows: Group I-female, Group II- male. In addition, brazilian students from Groups I and II were classified according to type of oral habits presented. All students presented a parafunctional habit. Among the parafunctional habits chewing gum was the most common in both groups (72.2%, Group I and 78.5%, Group II) followed by resting chin on hand for both genders (69,5% for Group I and 67% for Group II). Tongue biting (5%) was less founded in Group II and stomach sleeping in Group I. The results obtained show the necessity of carring out preventive programs. Beside, resources of Health should increase preventive treatments.

Changes in the oxidative stress biomarkers in liver of streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with combretum lanceolatum flowers extract

Aims: The study investigated the in vivo antioxidant activity and the in vitro radical scavenging capacity of the Combretum lanceolatum Pohl (Combretaceae) flowers ethanolic extract (ClEtOH) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil; between February 2012 and December 2012. Methodology: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Normal rats treated with water/vehicle (N); diabetic rats treated with water (DC); diabetic rats treated with 250 mg/kg (DT250) or with 500mg/kg (DT500) of ClEtOH. After 21 days of treatment, liver samples were used for the analysis of the oxidative stress biomarkers and activity of antioxidant enzymes. In vitro radical scavenger capacity was investigated by the following methods: DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical cation decolorization and crocin bleaching assays. Results: Significant oxidative stress was observed in liver of DC, since the malondialdehyde (MDA, biomarker of lipoperoxidation) levels were increased in comparison with N. Increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were also observed in DC, which could represent a compensatory mechanism against oxidative stress. Glutathione (GSH) levels were lower and similar between N and DC. The MDA levels were significantly decreased in liver of rats from DT250 and DT500, reaching levels similar those of N, suggesting that ClEtOH prevented lipoperoxidation. The treatment of diabetic rats with ClEtOH also increased the GSH levels, as well as increased the GSH-Px activity, and did not change the SOD activity. The results of in vitro radical scavenging capacity indicated that ClEtOH is highly active. Conclusion: These findings indicate that ClEtOH has antioxidant properties in liver of diabetic rats, decreasing lipoperoxidation and increasing the endogenous antioxidant responses. Both the antihyperglycemic effect and the capacity to scavenge free radicals may be related to the antioxidant activity of ClEtOH in diabetes.

Obtaining of xanthan gum impregnated of cellulose microfibrils derived from sugarcane bagasse

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A recepção de Machado de Assis por jovens leitores do século XXI

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Cooperación internacional en ciencia, tecnología e innovación entre Brasil y Colombia durante los gobiernos Lula da Silva (2003 - 2010)

Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

Editando vidas: focos do DSM na medicalização social

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

El desarrollo tecnológico en la vida cotidiana: influencias sociales comprendidas por universitarios brasileños

This paper, trying to understand how society influences technological development in daily life, developed a theoretical model, translated into a Likert scale, to be applicable to Brazilians undergraduate students from Sao Paulo. The social indicators that are presented in this scale were generated from content analysis in the process of construction and presentation of qualitative results which are the goals of this article. So it is possible to point out that the sample of undergraduates students surveyed points to the government, educational and research institutions, companies and citizens, as the main social actors strictly responsible for technology choices. The result allows brief reflections on the social influence on technology choices in daily life.

Análise experimental da resistência à corrosão e da velocidade de corrosão: uma proposta pedagógica

In this work it is proposed the use of a chemical activity, in which a corrosion process occurs, aiming to provide to the student relationship among the learning concepts and corrosion phenomena that occur everyday. It is suggested that the experiment development is based on Vygotsky theory, so that students work in groups, which may facilitate social interaction among students and results discussion among groups under professor guidance. This proposal can provide the involved concepts learning, as well as student training such as a critical and reflexive individual.