Responsabilidade civil do radiologista no diagnóstico do câncer de mama através do exame de mamografia

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a responsabilidade civil por erro médico no que tange, especificamente, à conduta do radiologista no diagnóstico do câncer através do exame mamográfico. Foram analisadas, para exemplificar, decisões judiciais com o objetivo de mostrar o entendimento dos tribunais nacionais, dentre eles, o Supremo Tribunal Federal, a quem compete revisar, em grau de recurso, as decisões judiciais que afrontam a Constituição Federal, bem como o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, que tem a competência de julgar em grau de recurso as decisões violadoras das leis federais. O material utilizado demonstra a visão dos tribunais acerca do tema objeto desta pesquisa, revelando as consequências do erro do médico radiologista e dos serviços de radiologia no âmbito do direito civil, que possui a indenização monetária como consequência da existência de responsabilidade civil. Ou seja, o dever de indenizar decorre da constatação da existência da responsabilidade civil. Assim, afastada a responsabilidade civil, fica afastado o dever de indenizar. Indenização não se confunde com a responsabilidade civil, esta é fundamento daquela.

Fusão renal completa em criança com infecção recorrente do trato urinário

O rim em bolo é uma rara anormalidade do trato urinário que pode ser diagnosticada em qualquer faixa etária. Durante investigação de infecção urinária recorrente em criança de 12 anos, foi revelada em tomografia computadorizada contrastada a presença de rim direito ectópico, com fusão renal, drenado por dois ureteres. Foi iniciado tratamento profilático com nitrofurantoína e o paciente se encontra assintomático.

Deposition and characterization of lines printed through laser-induced forward transfer

The possibility of printing two-dimensional micropatterns of biomolecule solutions is of great interest in many fields of research in biomedicine, from cell-growth and development studies to the investigation of the mechanisms of communication between cells. Although laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) has been extensively used to print micrometric droplets of biological solutions, the fabrication of complex patterns depends on the feasibility of the technique to print micron-sized lines of aqueous solutions. In this study we investigate such a possibility through the analysis of the influence of droplet spacing of a water and glycerol solution on the morphology of the features printed by LIFT. We prove that it is indeed possible to print long and uniform continuous lines by controlling the overlap between adjacent droplets. We show how, depending on droplet spacing, several printed morphologies are generated, and we offer, in addition, a simple explanation of the observed behavior based on the jetting dynamics characteristic of the LIFT of liquids.

Landslide detection and monitoring capability of boat-based mobile laser scanning along Dieppe coastal cliffs, Normandy

Integrated in a wide research assessing destabilizing and triggering factors to model cliff dynamic along the Dieppe's shoreline in High Normandy, this study aims at testing boat-based mobile LiDAR capabilities by scanning 3D point clouds of the unstable coastal cliffs. Two acquisition campaigns were performed in September 2012 and September 2013, scanning (1) a 30-km-long shoreline and (2) the same test cliffs in different environmental conditions and device settings. The potentials of collected data for 3D modelling, change detection and landslide monitoring were afterward assessed. By scanning during favourable meteorological and marine conditions and close to the coast, mobile LiDAR devices are able to quickly scan a long shoreline with median point spacing up to 10cm. The acquired data are then sufficiently detailed to map geomorphological features smaller than 0.5m2. Furthermore, our capability to detect rockfalls and erosion deposits (>m3) is confirmed, since using the classical approach of computing differences between sequential acquisitions reveals many cliff collapses between Pourville and Quiberville and only sparse changes between Dieppe and Belleville-sur-Mer. These different change rates result from different rockfall susceptibilities. Finally, we also confirmed the capability of the boat-based mobile LiDAR technique to monitor single large changes, characterizing the Dieppe landslide geometry with two main active scarps, retrogression up to 40m and about 100,000m3 of eroded materials.

Low-level laser therapy for the prevention of low salivary flow rate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer

Abstract Objective: To determine whether low-level laser therapy can prevent salivary hypofunction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 23 head and neck cancer patients, of whom 13 received laser therapy and 10 received clinical care only. An InGaAlP laser was used intra-orally (at 660 nm and 40 mW) at a mean dose of 10.0 J/cm2 and extra-orally (at 780 nm and 15 mW) at a mean dose of 3.7 J/cm2, three times per week, on alternate days. Stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests were performed before the first radiotherapy and chemotherapy sessions (N0) and at 30 days after the end of treatment (N30). Results: At N30, the mean salivary flow rates were significantly higher among the laser therapy patients than among the patients who received clinical care only, in the stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests (p = 0.0131 and p = 0.0143, respectively). Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy, administered concomitantly with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, appears to mitigate treatment-induced salivary hypofunction in patients with head and neck cancer.

Determinação da Estereoquímica Relativa de Pimaradienos Através de Produtos de Oxidação

Pimaradienes, including isopimaradienes, with an endocyclic double bond between C-9 and C-11 are uncommon compounds in nature. The diterpenoid pimar-9(11),15-dien-19-oic acid (1) was isolated from Mikania triangularis (Asteraceae) and the correct stereochemistry of 1was established by ¹H and 13C NMR studies of several oxidative products, mainly epoxides, of this compound and its double bond isomers.

Preparação de nanocompósitos através do encapsulamento de polímeros condutores em 2H-MoS2 e 1T-TiS2

Nanocomposites obtained by the encapsulation of conducting polymers such as polyaniline and polydiphenylamine in 2H-MoS2 and 1T-TiS2 are synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrophotometry. The synthesis consists in intercalating the layered compound with n-butyllithium and subsequent exfoliation in water and organic solvents. The nanocomposites are obtained by the adsorption of the polymers into the single-layers sulfides and posterior restacking. The X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the organic conducting polymers are encapsulated in mono and bilayers arrangement in a well-ordered fashion to produce single phase compounds.

Estimativa da entalpia reticular (Dm Hmº) de adutos através de termogravimetria: uso de uma equação empírica

An empirical equation: DMHmº = t i/b (where t i is the Kelvin temperature of the beginning of the thermal decomposition obtained from the thermogravimetry of the adducts; b is an empirical parameter wich depends on the metal halide and on the number of ligands) was obtained and tested for 53 adducts MX2.nL (where MX2 is a metal halide from the zinc group). The difference between experimental and calculated values was less than 6% for 22 adducts. To another 22 adducts, that difference was less than 10%. Only for 4 compounds the difference between experimental and calculated values exceeds 15%.

Identificação dos principais componentes do fungicida guazatine através da cromatografia a gás e cromatografia a gás acoplada com espectrometria de massas

Hexafluoroacetylaceton derivatives of some synthesized components of the guazatine fungicide were prepared, and their separation and identification performed through gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The chromatogram obtained from hexafluoroacetylacetone derivative of the commercial guazatine presented 14 major peaks, and 9 of them were identified through both techniques mentioned above.

Calibração multivariada para sistemas com bandas sobrepostas através da análise da fatores do tipo Q

A multivariate calibration method to determine chemical compositions of systems with severely overlapped bands is proposed. Q mode factors are determined from the spectral data and subsequently rotated using the varimax and oblique transformation of Imbrie. The method is applied to two sets of simulated data to test the sensitivity of analytical results to random experimental error. The chemical concentrations of alanine and threonine mixture are determined from spectral data of the 302,5 - 548,5 nm region.

Química de materiais no Brasil: um olhar através das reuniões anuais da Sociedade Brasileira de Química

Several aspects of the Chemistry of Materials in Brazil will be focused using, as a data source, the activities of the Chemistry of Materials Division of the Brazilian Chemical Society. Evaluations, suggestions and prospectives are made on attempt to overcome challenges and difficulties of this emergent and important area of the chemical research.