Atuação do enfermeiro na estratégia de atenção integrada às doenças prevalentes na infância

This study aimed to describe nurses' actions in the strategy of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. This is a qualitative study with descriptive approach. The universe consisted of nurses from the Family Health Strategy, totaling 16 participants. For the research project was submitted for approval by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, obtaining Opinion No. 187/2012. Data were obtained in two ways: a questionnaire survey to profile the training of nurses and an interview guided by a structured interview. Interviews were treated in the light of analysis of thematic category Bardin. The results showed the central thematic study "Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the context of nursing activities" category and three analyzes: "Understanding the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness", "Difficulties invibializam use IMCI "and" Working conditions for nurses in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. " It is observed that nurses consider the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness useful, effective and important to keep sick children within the logic curative. However disregard the character of health promotion and disease prevention thereof. It was found that the participants still hold the attendance of crinaças within the biomedical model and that these same professionals are subjected to increasingly precarious working conditions and unhealthy due to lack of human and material resources. It was found that the interviewees do not follow the protocols of strategy because of barriers related to prescription medications by nurses, the medical, the lack of incentives, training and supervision by the municipal health and the Regional Nursing Council

Trajetos no labirinto: história de vida dos portadores de doenças oncológicas em uso de transfusões sanguíneas na cidade de Natal/RN

The studies paths in the maze: life story of individuals with oncological diseases into use of blood transfusion in Natal has the hemotherapy as a primordial procedure to review the relationship between users of oncological health and the due ramifications. The hemotherapy looks for supply the organic needs through blood transfusion, which acquires vital function to the ones that have cancer, because it might reestablish the functionality of the organism throughout the raising of blood components. The impact over the transfusion affects emotionally and physically the users life. Aiming to reflect on these impacts, this study tried, through narratives of lives, rescue their experience since their knowledge of the disease until the time of blood transfusion using. It s about an exploratory-descriptive study, where the qualitative approach uses the theoretical-methodological reference of the oral life history to analyze a colony consisting of five users of health diagnosed with cancer, with achievement of at least three blood transfusions, the clinic Núcleo de Hematologia e Hemoterapia - UFRN, in Natal-RN. The network, in turn, was composed by employees of both sexes, regardless of age, who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. The data collection, with approval of the Ethics Committee in Research, Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Cancer, on the number 001/001/2012, occurred through semi-structured interviews, recorded individually in the home context that was previously chosen by employees. The methodological procedure occurred with the transcription of the interviews and their transcreations, and analysis of reports by thematic content analysis. At the reading orientation and interpretation of the employees stories, were discussed three categories of analysis: the impact on psychological REVIEW; impact on socialization and group membership, the environment and the impact of blood transfusion on treatment. Based on the narrative of the life histories of employees, we conclude that the experiences and feelings, hope and sorrow, pain and faith, even when facing a disease like cancer, bring lots of teaching and learning to health professional that deposits humanization health and reinstate hemotherapy forms of clinical critical

Trauma em idosos atendidos pelo serviço pré-hospitalar móvel

O The aim of this study was to characterize the occurrence of trauma in the elderly population served by the mobile pre-hospital service, in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive, transversal and quantitative approach and whose population consisted of 2,080 trauma victims. The sample, of systematic random type, consisted of 400 elderly people, aged from 60 years old, assisted by the Office of Mobile Emergency in Natal / RN, between January 2011 and December 2012. Data collection began after consent and assent of the institution of a Research Ethics Committee under No. 309 505. It was proceeded to documentary retrospective analysis of records of this service through a form of self-development, validated by expert judges considered reliable (α> 0.75) and valid (CVI = 0.97) in their clarity and relevance. Data were tabulated by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20.0. The results show that older victims have an average age of 74.19 years old, with a prevalence of female involvement by chronic diseases, especially hypertension, average usage of 2.2 routine medications with vital signs within normal limits. The trauma prevailed during the daytime, in the residence of the victims, north of the city and on weekends. Among the mechanisms of trauma were falls, traffic accidents and physical aggression, whose most common type was brain-cerebral trauma and the main consequences were suture wounds and closed fractures. Basic Support Units were as more driven to pre-hospital care (87.8%) and the main destination place consisted of a referral hospital for emergency of the state (57.5%). Among the most commonly performed procedures by nursing staff immobilization with rigid board and neck collar and the peripheral venipuncture, and the main component used for volume replacement to saline were highlighted. There was a significant relationship between the deaths and the mechanism of injury, mechanism of injury and procedures, except medication administration procedures carried out, except immobilization and unit for service. It is highlighted the prevalence of trauma in the elderly, poor follow-up Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support protocol and the paucity of records and nursing procedures performed. There is need for a protocol of care specific to elderly trauma victims and education strategies for the prevention of such events

Valores energéticos e composição bromatológica dos fenos de jureminha, feijão bravo e maniçoba para aves

Um experimento foi conduzido para determinação dos valores de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn) e da composição química dos fenos de feijão-bravo (FFB), jureminha (FJ) e maniçoba (FM) para uso na alimentação de aves. Duzentos e oitenta pintos com 17 dias de idade foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em sete tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 1 (três tipos de feno x dois níveis de substituição da dieta-referência + dieta-referência), com quatro repetições de dez aves. Os níveis de EMA e EMAn dos fenos de jureminha, feijão-bravo e maniçoba foram 3.205 e 2.911, 2.990 e 2.648, 2.728 e 2.419, determinados com 15% de substituição da dieta-referência pelo alimento e 2.678 e 2.371, 2.875 e 2.523, 2.277 e 1.956 com substituição de 30%, respectivamente, e evidenciaram influência do nível de substituição da dieta-referência sobre os valores de EMA e EMAn das dietas. Os valores de EMA e EMAn, para aves, dos fenos de jureminha e feijão-bravo são superiores aos do feno de maniçoba.

Doenças sem doentes: Ocorrência de Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho DORT nos operadores de caixa de um banco

The changes incurred in the financial system with the introduction of new technologies and new forms of administration of banks has caused impact on the health of workers. These changes, which passed in the process of work, generate a combined share of the risk factors that result in numerous injuries and illnesses among banks, notably between the operators of banks tellers. The Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disordes - WRMD represent a group of occupational diseases always present among these workers. Because of its high incidence and the amount of financial resour envolved to manage the problem has been the object of constant study. This paper aims to analyze the bank teller activity; search the occurrence of WRMD in the activity, identifying the factors determining the occurrence of WRMD in the activity and determine the real number of touchs on a keyboard made by the operator and propose solutions that influence the reduction of illness in the workplace of the bank teller. Methodological tools of ergonomics are used to provide a broad knowledge of aspects of work that have been studied and influential in the generation of occupational diseases studied. It was found that activity put workers to serious risk of occupational diseases. As the main contributory factors and determinants for this illness: the requirements and control the numbers daily endorsements; evaluation system based on performance targets for productivity; management system at time of service to customers; work with stressful factors (broken box); excess of time worked; furniture of workstations with ergonomic inadequacies and policy for the prevention of occupational diseases inefficient. They have also noted cases of illness for DORT workers without fulfilling the legal requirement of the issuance of the communication of labour accident and without the removal of the employee of the workplace

Análise e classificação de imagens de lesões da pele por atributos de cor, forma e textura utilizando máquina de vetor de suporte

The skin cancer is the most common of all cancers and the increase of its incidence must, in part, caused by the behavior of the people in relation to the exposition to the sun. In Brazil, the non-melanoma skin cancer is the most incident in the majority of the regions. The dermatoscopy and videodermatoscopy are the main types of examinations for the diagnosis of dermatological illnesses of the skin. The field that involves the use of computational tools to help or follow medical diagnosis in dermatological injuries is seen as very recent. Some methods had been proposed for automatic classification of pathology of the skin using images. The present work has the objective to present a new intelligent methodology for analysis and classification of skin cancer images, based on the techniques of digital processing of images for extraction of color characteristics, forms and texture, using Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and learning techniques called Support Vector Machine (SVM). The Wavelet Packet Transform is applied for extraction of texture characteristics in the images. The WPT consists of a set of base functions that represents the image in different bands of frequency, each one with distinct resolutions corresponding to each scale. Moreover, the characteristics of color of the injury are also computed that are dependants of a visual context, influenced for the existing colors in its surround, and the attributes of form through the Fourier describers. The Support Vector Machine is used for the classification task, which is based on the minimization principles of the structural risk, coming from the statistical learning theory. The SVM has the objective to construct optimum hyperplanes that represent the separation between classes. The generated hyperplane is determined by a subset of the classes, called support vectors. For the used database in this work, the results had revealed a good performance getting a global rightness of 92,73% for melanoma, and 86% for non-melanoma and benign injuries. The extracted describers and the SVM classifier became a method capable to recognize and to classify the analyzed skin injuries

Albedo e estimativas do saldo de radiação em feijão-vagem sob cobertura de plástico e ambiente externo

Este trabalho objetivou determinar o albedo (r) no espectro solar e estimar o saldo de radiação, em ambientes cultivados com feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), em condições de campo e em casa de vegetação com cobertura de polietileno, em Botucatu, SP, (22º 54' S; 48º 27' W; 850 m). A irradiância solar global (Rg) e a radiação solar refletida (Rr) foram utilizadas na determinação do albedo através da razão entre Rr e Rg. Curvas diurnas de r foram traçadas para dias com céu parcialmente nublado e claro, em fases fenológicas da cultura. Os valores do albedo diurno, obtidos através dos totais de radiações, foram utilizados para analisar a variação desse índice durante o ciclo da cultura, nos dois ambientes. O albedo variou com a elevação solar, o ambiente e as fases fenológicas da cultura. A variação de nebulosidade praticamente não influiu sobre o albedo, para totais diurnos. As estimativas do saldo de radiação nas fases vegetativa, reprodutiva e no ciclo da cultura, foram realizadas por meio de regressões lineares simples, tendo como variáveis independentes a irradiância solar global (Rg) e o saldo de radiação de ondas curtas (Rc). Todas as estimativas de radiações apresentaram um melhor ajustamento para fases fenológicas que para o ciclo como um todo. O saldo de radiação (Rn), em condições de campo, ficou bem estimado pela irradiância solar global e o saldo de ondas curtas. O saldo de radiação interno (RnI) à casa de vegetação mostrou-se satisfatoriamente estimado pela irradiância global externa (RgE).

Controle de pragas do pessegueiro através do ensacamento dos frutos

Objetivou-se, no trabalho, buscar opções ao ensacamento de pêssegos, visando o controle eficiente das principais pragas do pessegueiro. Para isso, instalou-se um experimento em um pomar comercial de pêssego do cultivar Aurora 2, conduzido em sistema de vaso e espaçamento de 6 x 4 m. Os tratamentos foram os seguintes: T1 - Sacolas de TNT branco (45 g/m²) fechado, T2 - Sacolas de TNT branco (45 g/m²) aberto, T3 - Sacolas de TNT branco (20 g/m²) fechado; T4 - Sacolas de TNT branco (20 g/m²) aberto; T5 - Sacolas de polipropileno microperfurado transparente (furos de 1mm) fechado; T6 - Sacolas de polipropileno microperfurado transparente (furos de 1mm) aberto; T7 - Sacolas de polipropileno microperfurado transparente (furos de 2mm) fechado; T8 - Sacolas de polipropileno microperfurado transparente (furos de 2mm) aberto; T9 - Sacolas de polietileno microperfurado leitoso (furos de 1mm) fechado; T10 - Sacolas de polietileno microperfurado leitoso (furos de 1mm) aberto; T11 - Sacolas de polietileno microperfurado leitoso (furos de 2mm) fechado; T12 - Sacolas de polietileno microperfurado leitoso (furos de 2mm) aberto; T13 - Sacolas de papel impermeável fechado; T14 - Sacolas de papel impermeável aberto; T15 - Testemunha (sem ensacamento). de acordo com os resultados concluiu-se que todas as embalagens foram eficientes no controle de moscas-das-frutas e pássaros, porém não para mariposa oriental. As sacolas com abertura no fundo podem ser utilizadas como opção ao ensacamento de pêssegos.

Sementes de feijão submetidas a ciclos e períodos de hidratação-secagem

A técnica de hidratação-secagem pode ocasionar alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas em sementes de feijão e afetar sua qualidade fisiológica. Sementes do cultivar Carioca foram submetidas a tratamentos de hidratação-secagem por 6, 12 e 24 horas com três ciclos de hidratação, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos causados por períodos e ciclos de hidratação-secagem na qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, analisado estatisticamente em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 com uma testemunha absoluta. Para a primeira contagem da germinação, os tratamentos de períodos combinados com ciclos de hidratação-secagem, apresentaram superioridade em relação ao tratamento testemunha. Na avaliação de grupos de proteínas, as concentrações de globulinas e prolaminas nas sementes submetidas aos tratamentos, foram significativamene superiores a testemunha. Os cátions (Ca, Mg e K) lixiviados para solução de embebição das sementes tiveram comportamento semelhante à condutividade elétrica das mesmas.

Eucalyptus ESTs involved in mechanisms against plant pathogens and environmental stresses

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)