Mercado de trabalho e estrutura sócio-ocupacional: estudo comparativo entre as regiões metropolitanas de Fortaleza, Recife e Salvador 2001-2008

The economic transformations in the world, the end of World War II, listing significant changes in production structures and labor market in the world. Initially developed countries realize these changes and subsequently developing countries. The changes in production patterns, especially with the crisis of Fordism, peripheral countries further accentuated the problems in the workplace. Flexible accumulation, in turn, was responsible for significant changes in the labor market at the periphery of global capitalism. This restructuring process, in Brazil, begun from the end of the 1980s and early 1990s, being more accentuated the impacts on the labor market in the poorest regions of the country, particularly the Northeast. In that sense, this thesis aims to evaluate the job market in the metropolitan areas of Fortaleza, Recife and Salvador in light of the transformation process in the production structures and labor market and its influences in the 2000s. The time frame are the years 2001-2008. Data are from the National Household Sample Survey - PNAD and were drawn from the study proposal developed by the Centre of the Metropolis. The study shows that the labor market of the three metropolitan areas continues to be affected by the restructuring process of the late twentieth century. It found high rates of unprotected busy at work is more precarious conditions of employment for non-whites, women, adolescents / young and old. We also highlight the high percentage of employed persons earning income up 1.00 minimum wage, and a large number of persons employed in the tertiary and tertiary non-specialist. With the picture observed in the three metropolitan areas you can see the major problems in the labor market that proliferate, especially in the metropolitan context of the Northeast, with characteristics similar to those observed in the literature that investigated the labor market in 1990

Podem os programas sociais e de transferência de renda influenciar a oferta de trabalho em atividades não agrícolas? uma análise para as famílias em condição de pobreza no meio rural do nordeste

This study aims to analyze the main effect of social programs and cash transfers on the labor supply of non-farm family members in poverty in rural areas of the Northeast. Among the specific objectives, we sought to investigate the effects of these programs and individual characteristics on the decision of participation and allocation of working hours of parents and children in non-agricultural activities. It was assumed, as a theoretical basis, the model of neoclassical labor supply as well as the principle that the decision of allocation of working hours, non-agricultural, is subject to the initial choice of the worker devote or not the non-agricultural employment . The hypothesis assumes that access to social programs and income transfer contributes to the dismay of rural workers, in poverty, in its decision to participate and offer hours of work in non-agricultural activities. To achieve this objective, we applied the models of Heckman (1979) and Double Hurdle, of Cragg (1971), consisting of associating the decision to participate in the labor market with the decision on the amount of hours allocated. The database used was the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD) of 2006. The results of the heads of households showed that transfers of income, although they may have some effect on labor supply rural nonfarm, the magnitude has to say that there may be some dependence on benefits. The estimates for the joint children of 10 to 15 years showed that the programs have negatively influenced participation in suggesting an increase in school participation, although for the allocation of working hours the results were not significant on the incidence of child labor

O Bumba meu boi como fenômeno estético

Cette étude propose d'articuler une discussion entre les définitions de corps, esthétique et éducation, tout en les plaçant dans le scénario des danses traditionnelles, surtout, le Bumba-meu-boi de l'État du Maranhão. On part de la proposition selon laquelle le Bumba-meu-boi ainsi que d'autres réjouissances traditionnelles, réunissent des éléments constitutifs qui se traduisent en langage esthétique et celui-ci exprime, par le biais des corps qui le cultivent, se constitue aussi, tout comme expression éducative des formes d'être et de vivre en société, dans l'espace et dans le temps, créant et récréant des structures, de modes d'être et de faire des sujets sociaux. À travers le chant, la danse, les actions organisatrices et d'autres aspects, on établit différentes stratégies de lecture du monde; tout en se mouvementant, se réorganisant, se renseignant à sur l'ambiance et de soi même. La recherche a, comme configuration méthodologique l'approche qualitative phénoménologique, dont la trajectoire du phénomène situé a été développée à partir des descriptions de l'expérience vécue par l'auteur dans le monde-vie du Bumba-meu-boi da Liberdade siégé à São Luis do Maranhão. C'est, donc, avec la compréhension de l'esthétique phénoménologique que nous nous sommes identifiés pour l'élaboration de cette étude. Cette conception est en rapport avec le domaine de l'appréhension sensible vinculée à la relation de sens de l'homme avec le monde, avec soi-même et avec les autres. La thèse présente la production de connaissance en tant que cathégorie esthétique et le phénomène éducatif configuré dans la condition corporelle de l'être humain. Nous comprenons que, dans l'expérience vécue et construite dans le scénario du Bumba-meu-boi, il y a une éducation qui se configure dans la plasticité du corps, dans sa capacité de donner des sens et de construire de significations