Efecte del canvi climàtic sobre la ramaderia ecològica al Pirineu Occidental de Catalunya

Per tal d’arribar a la conclusió de si realment el Canvi climàtic és un factor limitant en el de venir de la Ramaderia ecològica al Pirineu Català, es proposen un seguit d’enquestes als afectats reals; els ramaders. La intenció és veure la percepció que se’n té i comparar-la amb la realitat de canvi climàtic, i més en zones d’alta muntanya: pujada de temperatures, disminució de la pluja i sequera, i desgel i tardança de les nevades. També el tema de l’erosió del sòl és de vital importància pel seu tractament. Cal desenvolupar una sèrie de millores per combatre els problemes de canvis climàtics, tot i que no són l’únic mal de cap del ramaders.

L’erotisme a les Cartes a les Senyores dels Àngels i de Jerusalem, de Francesc Fontanella = Eroticism in Cartes a les Senyores dels Àngels i de Jerusalem, of Francesc Fontanella

This article focuses on the study of the treatment of eroticism in some of the poetic compositions from Francesc Fontanella (1622-1682/3). The paper studies fiften literary epistles whisch Fontanella dedicated to the nuns of the convent of Els Àngels and Jerusalem of Barcelona during the 1640s. It is divided into two parts; to first, the compositions under study are identified and presented briefly, and some issues related to the transmission of these textes are clarified. The second part discusses in detail all erotic references present in text. This analysis, on one hand, allows to present an interpretation of the meaning of the whole story contained in the letters. Moreover, it allows to present a characterization of the erotic vision of Fontanella. This is done by comparing this vision with the usual one at the time of baroque, as well as by analyzing the rhetorical strategies and the representation strategies that the author uses in the treatment of eroticism

Intervención psicológica en la obesidad : Un estudio comparativo entre el enfoque cognitivo conductual y el enfoque humanista

En este estudio se compara la intervención psicológica por excelencia en casos de obesidad y sobrepeso, la intervención cognitivoconductual, con la intervención humanista. Mediante el seguimiento de tres grupos de investigación a los que se prescriben restricciones propias de una dieta hipocalórica, uno sometido a terapia humanista individual, otro sometido a terapia cognitivoconductual grupal y un tercero sometido a una formación nutricional (grupo de cuasicontrol), este estudio pretende determinar si un enfoque humanista y la atención pormenorizada a la idiosincrasia del cliente marcan la diferencia en el tratamiento de la obesidad y/o el sobrepeso.

Roma al tempo di Caravaggio.1600-1630

Quan l’any 1602 el pintor i tractadista Federico Zuccari publicà L’Ideade’pittori, scultori et architetti, Caravaggio ja havia radicalitzat el seu llenguatge versun fort naturalisme, al qual afegia un tractament de forts contrastos lumínics patent enl’obra, dos anys més tardana, que inaugura la mostra: La verge de Loreto, tambéconeguda com la Verge del peregrins. Davant el procés creatiu de Zuccari basat en laIdea, es a dir el disegno interno de bellesa, Caravaggio pren la realitat com a modeltrencant així amb el manierisme reformat que, a la Roma papal, te la seva plasmació al’Oratori dels Gonfalone on el citat tractadista hi va participar. D’altra banda la novamanera caravaggesca es contraria a la proposada per Annibale Carracci al programa dela Galeria Farnese i, alhora, per la defensada per tota la tractadística italiana del segleXVII, des de Giovanni Battista Agucchi, en el seu Tractat de la pintura(1607-1615),fins a Giovan Pietro Bellori en el seu discurs L’Idea del pittore, dello scultore edell’architetto, scelta dalle bellezze naturali superiore alla natura que seguint els vellsprincipis de la Poètica defensen que l’obra d’art ha de tenir versemblança, ha d’imitar els millors i pot corregir la realitat. No es estrany, doncs, que Agucchi posi comexemple a seguir l’art d’Annibale Carracci i que compari a Caravaggio amb l’escultorgrec Demetri, que va seguir tant al peu de la lletra la semblança que no va tenirconsideració per la bellesa.

Differential methylation of TCF7L2 promoter in peripheral blood DNA in newly diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes

TCF7L2 is the susceptibility gene for Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with the largest effect on disease risk that has been discovered to date. However, the mechanisms by which TCF7L2 contributes to the disease remain largely elusive. In addition, epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes in DNA methylation patterns, might have a role in the pathophysiology of T2D. This study aimed to investigate the differences in terms of DNA methylation profile of TCF7L2 promoter gene between type 2 diabetic patients and age- and Body Mass Index (BMI)- matched controls. We included 93 type 2 diabetic patients that were recently diagnosed for T2D and exclusively on diet (without any pharmacological treatment). DNA was extracted from whole blood and DNA methylation was assessed using the Sequenom EpiTYPER system. Type 2 diabetic patients were more insulin resistant than their matched controls (mean HOMA IR 2.6 vs 1.8 in controls, P<0.001) and had a poorer beta-cell function (mean HOMA B 75.7 vs. 113.6 in controls, P<0.001). Results showed that 59% of the CpGs analyzed in TCF7L2 promoter had significant differences between type 2 diabetic patients and matched controls. In addition, fasting glucose, HOMA-B, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol correlated with methylation in specific CpG sites of TCF7L2 promoter. After adjustment by age, BMI, gender, physical inactivity, waist circumference, smoking status and diabetes status uniquely fasting glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol remained significant. Taken together, newly diagnosed, drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients display specific epigenetic changes at the TCF7L2 promoter as compared to age- and BMI-matched controls. Methylation in TCF7L2 promoter is further correlated with fasting glucose in peripheral blood DNA, which sheds new light on the role of epigenetic regulation of TCF7L2 in T2D.

Pregabalin in the treatment of inferior alveolar nerve paraesthesia following overfilling of endodontic sealer

A case of orofacial pain and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) paraesthesia after extrusion of endodontic sealer within the mandibular canal treated with prednisone and pregabalin is described. A 36-year-old woman underwent root canal treatment of the mandibular second right premolar tooth. Post-operative panoramic radiograph revealed the presence of radiopaque canal sealer in the mandibular canal. Damage to IAN consecutive to extrusion of endodontic sealer was diagnosed. Non-surgical management was decided, including: 1 mg/kg/day prednisone 2 times/day, once-daily regimen, and 150 mg/day pregabalin, two doses per day, monitoring the progress with periodic follow-up visits. Six weeks after the incident the signs and symptoms were gone. The complete resolution of paraesthesia and the control of pain achieved suggest that a non-surgical approach, combining prednisone and the GABA analogue pregabalin, is a good option in the management of the IAN damage subsequent to endodontic sealer extrusion

Celulas solares y sistemas fotovoltaicos. Manual de prácticas

Manual de prácticas de la asignatura optativa

Concentrar els àpats en 12 hores evita el sobrepès

L'obesitat és un dels principals factors de risc per a moltes patologies, com la diabetis de tipus II, la cirrosi no alcohòlica, les malalties cardiovasculars i diversos tipus de càncer. La major part de tractaments contra l'obesitat i de recomanacions per evitar el sobrepès se centren en la dieta, principalment en la quantitat i el contingut nutricional del menjar, i en el nombre d'àpats diaris. Però l'investigador Satchidananda Panda i els seus col·laboradors, del departament de gastroenterologia de la Universitat de Califòrnia a San Diego (EUA), han identificat un altre factor que és també molt important: el temps que passa entre el primer i l'últim àpat del dia. Segons han publicat a Cell Metabolism, aquest interval no hauria de superar les dotze hores.

Col·lecció local a la Biblioteca Pública: recomacions bàsiques

Normes per ajudar les biblioteques a organitzar el seu fons de col·lecció local. En l'article es fa una definició del que és col·lecció local i es donen un seguit de recomanacions bàsiques segons el tipus d'àrea que cobreixi, el tipus de material, el seu tractament i els seus serveis que aquesta secció ha d'oferir en la biblioteca pública.

Hipertensión arterial y enfermedad de Alzheimer

Hypertension (HT) is the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor associated with dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD). The evidence about the association within hight blood pressure (BP) level in the middle age and dementia and Alzheimer’s disease incidence in the advanced age has increased. Longitudinal studies show that in the previous years of onset AD, BP is similar or lower in the patients who develop AD with regard to those who not develop. When patients has developed AD the case is the same that the previous one. Most studies show that BP reduction is beneficious to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and AD. Is spite of some discordant studies, health authorities recommend to treat isolated systolic HT with an ‘A’ evidence degree, level 1, to prevent AD. Animal experimentation prove different ways to act of antihypertensive drugs in the AD prevention and has established the pathophysiological bases in this relation, until now only showed through various clinical studies

Comparison of a deterministic and a data driven model to describe MBR fouling

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are a combination of activated sludge bioreactors and membrane filtration, enabling high quality effluent with a small footprint. However, they can be beset by fouling, which causes an increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP). Modelling and simulation of changes in TMP could be useful to describe fouling through the identification of the most relevant operating conditions. Using experimental data from a MBR pilot plant operated for 462days, two different models were developed: a deterministic model using activated sludge model n°2d (ASM2d) for the biological component and a resistance in-series model for the filtration component as well as a data-driven model based on multivariable regressions. Once validated, these models were used to describe membrane fouling (as changes in TMP over time) under different operating conditions. The deterministic model performed better at higher temperatures (>20°C), constant operating conditions (DO set-point, membrane air-flow, pH and ORP), and high mixed liquor suspended solids (>6.9gL-1) and flux changes. At low pH (<7) or periods with higher pH changes, the data-driven model was more accurate. Changes in the DO set-point of the aerobic reactor that affected the TMP were also better described by the data-driven model. By combining the use of both models, a better description of fouling can be achieved under different operating conditions

Towards integrated operation of membrane bioreactors : effects of aeration on biological and filtration performance

Two experimental studies evaluated the effect of aerobic and membrane aeration changes on sludge properties, biological nutrient removal and filtration processes in a pilot plant membrane bioreactor. The optimal operating conditions were found at an aerobic dissolved oxygen set-point (DO) of 0.5mgO2L-1 and a membrane specific aeration demand (SADm) of 1mh-1, where membrane aeration can be used for nitrification. Under these conditions, a total flow reduction of 42% was achieved (75% energy reduction) without compromising nutrient removal efficiencies, maintaining sludge characteristics and controlled filtration. Below these optimal operating conditions, the nutrient removal efficiency was reduced, increasing 20% for soluble microbial products, 14% for capillarity suction time and reducing a 15% for filterability. Below this DO set-point, fouling increased with a transmembrane pressure 75% higher. SADm below 1mh-1 doubled the values of transmembrane pressure, without recovery after achieving the initial conditions