994 resultados para DNA, Protozoan


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The phylogenetic relationships among rhacophorid frogs are under dispute. We use partial sequences of three mitochondrial (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome b) and three nuclear protein-coding (Rag-1 rhodopsin exon 1, and tyrosinase exon 1) genes from 57

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以贾第虫、毛滴虫、内变形虫和微孢子虫等为代表的几类寄生原生动物曾因为“无线粒 体”, 再加上其他一些似乎介于原核和真核细胞之间的原始特点和分子系统树中它们往往处在真 核生物的最基部等证据, 而被有些人认为是目前已知的一类最原始的真核生物类群——Archezoa, 其进化地位应该是处在真核细胞通过“内共生”产生线粒体之前的极早阶段. 这一观点一度被部 分学者认为对探讨真核细胞(生物)的起源、进化极为重要, 是进化生物学上的重要突破. 然而, 近 年来不断有研究对此提出质疑. 我们首先扩增、测序并鉴定了蓝氏贾第虫、阴道毛滴虫和痢疾内 变形虫的DNA 拓扑异构酶Ⅱ序列, 再结合GenBank 数据库中已有的脑炎微孢子虫和其他一系列 处在不同进化地位的真核生物的相应序列数据, 用多种方法构建出分子系统树, 对这些“无线粒 体”原生动物的进化地位进行了探讨. 结果表明, 由于DNA 拓扑异构酶Ⅱ的特点和可以克服“长 枝吸引”等以往分子系统分析中的不足, 所构建的系统树不仅能有效地反映出已普遍接受的真核 生物各主要类群的系统关系, 而且显示出这些“无线粒体”原生动物不同于以前系统树所推测的 进化地位: 它们并非是最早分支出来的真核生物, 而是在具有线粒体的生物如动基体类或菌虫类 等之后才分化的、分别属于不同进化地位的类群. 结合近来在它们中发现了类似线粒体细胞器的 证据, 我们认为这些“无线粒体”的原生动物虽然其中有些种类(如以贾第虫为代表的双滴虫类)进 化地位很低等, 但总体上并非过去所认为的那么极端原始, 它们应该是线粒体产生之后因适应长 期的无氧条件下的内寄生生活方式才分别分化出来的多源发生的不同生物类群.

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利用稀释法结台平板分离培养法将采自滇池水华中的铜绿微囊藻进行了成功的 分离纯化对比纯化培养前后,发现纯化后该藻的生长速度明显加快,密度大为提高,约为纯化前 的5倍用乙醇乙醚混合液剐该藻作预处理后,破坏了其胶质被.再经常规方法提取总DNA,其得 率提高3 4倍

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Objective To confirm the genetic relation between Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) isolates from different geographic regions of China and other countries. Methods Genomic DNA were extracted from the trophozoites or cysts of Giardia lamblia. The triose phosphate isomerase (tim) gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. PCR products were digested with endonuclease and sequenced. The data of sequencing were analyzed with the DNAstar software and compared with that of the isolates acquired from GenBank. Results Of nine isolates of Giardia lamblia from China (C1, C2, CH2 and CH3), Cambodia (CAM), Australia (A1 and A2) and America (BP and CDC), respectively, 3 (A1, A2 and CAM) fit into Group 1 (WB), 2 (CH2 and CH3) into Group 2, and 4 (C1, C2, BP and CDC) into Group 3 (GS). The results confirmed the genetic relatedness of G. lamblia isolates from all over the world. Conclusion Genotyping isolates of G. Lamblia provides important information for establishing the phylogenetic relationship or for the epidemiological evaluation of the spreading of this organism.