1、蜜蜂嗅觉学习记忆应用基础研究 2、吗啡和胆碱能拮抗剂联合给药对小鼠Y迷宫空间记忆提取及活动性的影响

一、蜜蜂嗅觉学习记忆应用基础研究特殊气味的探测在刑侦工作中意义重大，常用的警犬探测和仪器分析都有其局限之处。蜜蜂嗅觉灵敏，且学习记忆能力突出，具有为刑侦工作所用的潜力。基于此，我们希望通过训练蜜蜂将其对糖水奖励的伸喙反应与指定气味建立条件反射的原理，配合适当的训练方法，达到利用蜜蜂探测危险气味的目的。在实验中，我们首先比较了不同喂养方式的蜜蜂在气味学习中的差别。由于低浓度气味无法直接使蜜蜂建立条件化，我们采用了逐渐降低气味浓度的方法，成功训练蜜蜂对低浓度(3.6×10-7) 醋酸气味建立了条件反射。结果如下： 1)自然放养与人工孵化两种不同喂养方式的蜜蜂，各两组，分别学习醋酸CS+/薄荷CS-，或柠檬CS+/薄荷CS-的气味配对。以“获得(CS+)，巩固(CS-/CS+ CS+/CS- CS-/CS+)，检测，干净空气假阳性检测”的顺序操作。结果显示自然放养蜜蜂对醋酸气味没有偏好（第一次给醋酸气味伸喙率：6%），学习醋酸气味能力较低（24小时后检测正确率：66%， n=25），相对应，该类蜜蜂对柠檬气味显示出明显偏好(第一次给柠檬气味伸喙率：41%，P< 0.01)，而学习效果（检测正确率：50%，n=20）与醋酸组相近(P>0.05)。人工孵化的蜜蜂对醋酸气味学习能力较自然放养蜜蜂大大提高（检测正确率：96%, n=32， P<0.01），同时对柠檬的学习结果（检测正确率：80%, n=32）也明显提高(0.01

Preparation and Characterization of BaLiF3:Er3+ Nanoparticles by the Hydrothermal Microemulsion Synthesized Method

Nanoparticles of BaLiF3:Er3+ were prepared from the quaternary microemulsions of Cetyltrim-Enthyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), n-butanol, n-octane, and water, using the hydrothermal-microemulsion technique. The complex fluorides were characterized by means of X-ray power diffraction, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM), and fluorescence spectra.

Biodegradable Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes Based on Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(alpha,L-glutamic acid) and Chitosan

We synthesized methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(alpha,L-glutamic acid) (mPEGGA) diblock copolymer by ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxy anhydride of gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate (NCA) using amino-terminated methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) as macroinitiator. Polyelectrolyte complexation between mPEGGA as neutral-block-polyanion and chitosan (CS) as polycation has been scrutinized in aqueous solution as well as in the solid state.

Fabrication and spectroscopic broadening properties for 1.5 mu m amplification of Er3+-doped BaF2 nanoparticles

We show the potential application of Er3+-doped BaF2 nanoparticles prepared from microemulsion technology for 1.5 mu m amplification in telecommunication. Nanoparticles with different sizes of about 8, 10, and 20.5 nm were prepared. The XRD patterns showed the excursion of diffraction peaks. When the particle size is smaller or the diffraction angle is larger, this kind of excursion will be more serious.