Distribui����o da fauna triatom��nica e infec����o natural pelo Trypanosoma cruzi em diferentes munic��pios do semi��rido do Rio Grande do Norte

The triatomine fauna distribution and the natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated aiming the comprehension of the transmission dynamics of this parasite in the countryside of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. Additionally, the research for Trypanosoma rangeli was also investigated. The captures of triatomines were performed at sylvatic, peridomicile and domicile environments at different municipalities of the central and western mesoregions of this state. The insects were identified and examined by direct method, xenoculture and PCR to detect T. cruzi. The detection of T. rangeli was performed by direct examination of the hemolymph and multiplex PCR of 151 positive specimens for T. cruzi. Of 824 captured insects, the species were distributed in Triatoma brasiliensis (66.4%), Triatoma pseudomaculata (18.2%), Panstrongylus lutzi (12.7%) and Rhodnius nasutus (2.7%), and T. brasiliensis was found in most of the evaluated municipalities. The species were captured at nymph and adult stages, except P. lutzi, exclusively in adult stage. In the sylvatic environment were captured T. brasiliensis (57%), P. lutzi (28%) and T. pseudomaculata (15%) species. At the peridomicile environment were identified T. brasiliensis (74%), T. pseudomaculata (21%) and R. nasutus (5.0%), while in the intradomicile was found only T. brasiliensis. The infection rate of triatomines by T. cruzi was 30.4%, P. lutzi showed highest rate (78%), followed by T. brasiliensis (24.4%), T. pseudomaculata (22.6%) and R. nasutus (4.5%). Infected triatomines indexes at silvatic, peridomicile and domicile environments were of 41.8%, 20.1% and 50.0%, respectively. T. rangeli was only detected by multiplex PCR in 2.6% (4/151) of examined insects, of these 4.4% (3/67) were T. brasiliensis and 1.5% (1/63) P. lutzi species. The data showed that the positivity of P. lutzi allied to its ability to invade domicile attracted by light, suggests a likely participation of this insect between epidemiological transmission cycles of T. cruzi. T. brasiliensis was the only specie present in all environments, what reinforces its importance related to the capacity for adapting to the domestic environment, potential as a vector, and maintenance of sylvatic and domestic transmissions cycles in the semiarid, indicating the necessity of continuous epidemiological surveillance. The presence of T. rangeli in T. brasiliensis and P. lutzi was first recorded in rural zone of this State, broadening the area of occurrence of this protozoan in northeastern Brazil.

Pirometamorfismo em calc��rios da forma����o Janda��ra, bacia potiguar, nordeste do Brasil

The present study aims the characterization of thermally affected carbonate rocks from Janda��ra Formation in contact with Paleogene and Neogene basic intrusions in the region of the Pedro Avelino and Janda��ra municipalities (RN), northeastern Brazil. For this study, field, petrographic, x-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, and whole rock litogeochemistry data of carbonates were undertaken. The thermally unaffected limestones are classified like wackstones, grainstones and packstones. They may constitute carbonates grains of benthic foraminifera, echinoderm spines, ostracods, algae, corals, bivalves, gastropods, peloids and intraclasts. The porosities are classified like vug, intraparticle, interparticle, intercrystal and moldic types. The major minerals are calcite, ankerite and dolomite; the detrital are montmorillonite, pyrite, limonite, quartz and microcline. The thermally affected limestones are very coarse to very fine-grained and light to dark gray color. The fossiliferous components totally disappear, and the porosity tends to disappear. With the data obtained, it can be inferred that the carbonate protoliths would be calciferous to dolomitic limestones, both with small amount of clay minerals. Crystalline carbonates from dolomitic protolith have rhombohedral calcite and iron oxides / hydroxides, making the rocks much darker. The carbonates from calciferous protolith have a wide variation of grain size according to the recrystallization degree, increasing toward contact with the basic bodies. In this group, it was identified the minerals lizardite and spinel in weakly to moderately affected samples, and spinel and spurrite in strongly affected rocks, as well as calcite, that occur everywhere. The geological context (shallow level diabase intrusions), the crystallization of the pyrometamorphic minerals spurrite and olivine, and comparison with diagrams from the literature allow estimating temperatures and pressures around 1050-1200 ��C and 0.5-1.0 kbar, respectively, for PTOTAL=PCO2. The post-intrusion cooling would have afforded the releasing of metasomatic / hydrothermal fluids, allowing the opening of the metamorphic system, with possible contribution of chemical elements from host units (sandstones, shales) and from basic intrusions. This would induce hydration of previous phases, allowing the formation of serpentine, chlorite and brucite. The results discussed here reveal the strong influence of the heat from basic intrusions within the sedimentary pile. Whereas in the offshore portion of the basin occur sills with up to 1000 m thickness, the understanding of pyrometamorphism might be useful for understanding and measuring the thermally affected rocks.

Pirometamorfismo em calc��rios da forma����o Janda��ra, bacia potiguar, nordeste do Brasil

The present study aims the characterization of thermally affected carbonate rocks from Janda��ra Formation in contact with Paleogene and Neogene basic intrusions in the region of the Pedro Avelino and Janda��ra municipalities (RN), northeastern Brazil. For this study, field, petrographic, x-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, and whole rock litogeochemistry data of carbonates were undertaken. The thermally unaffected limestones are classified like wackstones, grainstones and packstones. They may constitute carbonates grains of benthic foraminifera, echinoderm spines, ostracods, algae, corals, bivalves, gastropods, peloids and intraclasts. The porosities are classified like vug, intraparticle, interparticle, intercrystal and moldic types. The major minerals are calcite, ankerite and dolomite; the detrital are montmorillonite, pyrite, limonite, quartz and microcline. The thermally affected limestones are very coarse to very fine-grained and light to dark gray color. The fossiliferous components totally disappear, and the porosity tends to disappear. With the data obtained, it can be inferred that the carbonate protoliths would be calciferous to dolomitic limestones, both with small amount of clay minerals. Crystalline carbonates from dolomitic protolith have rhombohedral calcite and iron oxides / hydroxides, making the rocks much darker. The carbonates from calciferous protolith have a wide variation of grain size according to the recrystallization degree, increasing toward contact with the basic bodies. In this group, it was identified the minerals lizardite and spinel in weakly to moderately affected samples, and spinel and spurrite in strongly affected rocks, as well as calcite, that occur everywhere. The geological context (shallow level diabase intrusions), the crystallization of the pyrometamorphic minerals spurrite and olivine, and comparison with diagrams from the literature allow estimating temperatures and pressures around 1050-1200 ��C and 0.5-1.0 kbar, respectively, for PTOTAL=PCO2. The post-intrusion cooling would have afforded the releasing of metasomatic / hydrothermal fluids, allowing the opening of the metamorphic system, with possible contribution of chemical elements from host units (sandstones, shales) and from basic intrusions. This would induce hydration of previous phases, allowing the formation of serpentine, chlorite and brucite. The results discussed here reveal the strong influence of the heat from basic intrusions within the sedimentary pile. Whereas in the offshore portion of the basin occur sills with up to 1000 m thickness, the understanding of pyrometamorphism might be useful for understanding and measuring the thermally affected rocks.

Evolu����o morfotect��nica da por����o centro-sul da Bacia Para��ba

Recent endogenous processes provide dynamic movements in the lithosphere and generate the varied forms of relief, even in areas of passive continental margins, such as the research area of this work located in northeastern Brazil. The reactivation of Precambrian basement structures, after the breakup between South America and Africa in the Cretaceous played an important role in the evolution of basins, which provided generated forms of relief. These morphodynamic characteristics can be easily observed in marginal basins that exhibit strong evidence fault reactivations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of morphotectonic processes in the landscape structuring of Para��ba Basin. Therefore, we used aeromagnetic, high���resolution images of the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission���SRTM, structural geological data, deep well data and geological field data. Based on the results of the data was observed that some preexisting structures in the crystalline basement coincide with magnetic and topographic lineaments interpreted as fault reactivation of the Post���Miocene units in the Para��ba Basin. Faults that offset lithostratigraphic units provided evidence that tectonic activity associated with the deposition and erosion in the Para��ba Basin occurred from Cretaceous to the Quaternary. The neotectonic activity that occurred in Para��ba Basin was able to influence the deposition of sedimentary units and landforms. It indicates that the deposition of post���Cretaceous units was influenced by reactivation of Precambrian basement structures in this part of the Brazilian continental margin.

Sea surface temperatures reconstructed from alkenones of surface sediment samples of the Argentine Basin at stations GeoB1501-1 to GeoB2830-1

We analysed the alkenone unsaturation ratio (UK'37) in 87 surface sediment samples from the western South Atlantic (5��N-50��S) in order to evaluate its applicability as a paleotemperature tool for this part of the ocean. The measured UK'37 ratios were converted into temperature using the global core-top calibration of M��ller et al. (1998, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00097-0) and compared with annual mean atlas sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) of overlying surface waters. The results reveal a close correspondence (<1.5��C) between atlas and alkenone temperatures for the Western Tropical Atlantic and the Brazil Current region north of 32��S, but deviating low alkenone temperatures by -2�� to -6��C are found in the regions of the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence (35-39��S) and the Malvinas Current (41-48��S). From the oceanographic evidence these low UK'37 values cannot be explained by preferential alkenone production below the mixed layer or during the cold season. Higher nutrient availability and algal growth rates are also unlikely causes. Instead, our results imply that lateral displacement of suspended particles and sediments, caused by strong surface and bottom currents, benthic storms, and downslope processes is responsible for the deviating UK'37 temperatures. In this way, particles and sediments carrying a cold water UK'37 signal of coastal or southern origin are transported northward and offshore into areas with warmer surface waters. In the northern Argentine Basin the depth between displaced and unaffected sediments appears to coincide with the boundary between the northward flowing Lower Circumpolar Deep Water (LCDW) and the southward flowing North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) at about 4000 m.

Reproductive Patterns and Birth Seasonality in a South-American Breeding Colony of Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus

SOUSA,M.B.C. et al. Reproductive Patterns and Birth Seasonality in a South-American Breeding Colony of Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus. Primates, v.40, n.2, p. 327-336, Apr. 1999.

O cordel como fonte de informa����o: a vivacidade dos folhetos de cordeis no Rio Grande do Norte

GAUDENCIO, Sale Mario; BORBA, Maria do Socorro de Azevedo. O cordel como fonte de informa��ao: a vivacidade dos folhetos de cordeis no Rio Grande do Norte. Biblioonline, Joao Pessoa, v.6, n. 1, p.82-92, 2010.

Characteristics of the biological cycle of lutzomyia evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes, 1936 (diptera: psychodidae) under experimental conditions

XIMENES, Maria de F��tima Freire de Melo; MACIEL, Jana��na Cunha; JERONIMO, Selma Maria Bezerra. Characteristics of the Biological Cycle of Lutzomyia evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes, 1936 (diptera: psychodidae) under experimental conditions. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, v.96, n.6, p.883-886, ago. 2001. Disponivel em: <www.scielo.br/pdf/mioc/v96n6/4246.pdf> Acesso em: 4 out. 2010.

Perfil socioecon��mico de pessoas com ��lcera venosa: aspectos relevantes para a enfermagem

Tra��ar o perfil socioecon��mico dos pacientes com ��lcera venosa. M��todo: estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, realizado com 50 pessoas no ambulat��rio de cl��nica cir��rgica do Hospital Universit��rio Onofre Lopes/HUOL, localizado no munic��pio de Natal/RN/Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando-se um roteiro de entrevista. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e armazenados numa planilha do software Excel e analisadas pela estat��stica descritiva. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit�� de ��tica em Pesquisa, CAAE 0038.0.294.000-11. Resultados: idade m��dia de 59,72 anos, 66% pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 60% possu��am companheiro, a m��dia de estudos foi de 4,98 (��3,36) anos e a renda familiar 2,3 sal��rios m��nimos. Encontrou-se, portanto, o perfil de pessoas com ��lcera venosa semelhante ao evidenciado na literatura. Conclus��o: �� imprescind��vel conhecer as caracter��sticas dessa clientela para desenvolver estrat��gias visando �� melhoria de suas condi����es de sa��de

Reproductive Patterns and Birth Seasonality in a South-American Breeding Colony of Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus

SOUSA,M.B.C. et al. Reproductive Patterns and Birth Seasonality in a South-American Breeding Colony of Common Marmosets, Callithrix jacchus. Primates, v.40, n.2, p. 327-336, Apr. 1999.

O cordel como fonte de informa����o: a vivacidade dos folhetos de cordeis no Rio Grande do Norte

GAUDENCIO, Sale Mario; BORBA, Maria do Socorro de Azevedo. O cordel como fonte de informa��ao: a vivacidade dos folhetos de cordeis no Rio Grande do Norte. Biblioonline, Joao Pessoa, v.6, n. 1, p.82-92, 2010.

Characteristics of the biological cycle of lutzomyia evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes, 1936 (diptera: psychodidae) under experimental conditions

XIMENES, Maria de F��tima Freire de Melo; MACIEL, Jana��na Cunha; JERONIMO, Selma Maria Bezerra. Characteristics of the Biological Cycle of Lutzomyia evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes, 1936 (diptera: psychodidae) under experimental conditions. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, v.96, n.6, p.883-886, ago. 2001. Disponivel em: <www.scielo.br/pdf/mioc/v96n6/4246.pdf> Acesso em: 4 out. 2010.

Diversidade de macroalgas marinhas bent��nicas dos recifes de Maracaja��, ��rea de preserva����o ambiental dos recifes de corais, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Despite the importance of coral reefs to humanity, these environments have been threatened throughout the world. Several factors contribute to the degradation of these ecosystems. The Maracaja�� Reef Complex, in Rio Grande do Norte state is part of the Coral Reefs Environment Preservation Area in northeastern Brazil. This area has been receiving an increasing influx of tourism and the integrity of the local reefs is a matter of concern. In this study, the reef macroalgae communities were studied and compared within two areas distinguished by the presence or absence of tourism activities. Two sample sites were chosen: the first one, where diving activities are intense; and the other, where these practices do not occur. Samples were collected at both sites within a quadrate of 625 cm2 of area randomly thrown 5 times along a 10 meters transect line. Richness, Shannon-Hill diversity and Simpson dominance indices were determined based on biomass data. Similarity between sites was analyzed with Bray-Curtis similarity and distance index. Fifty-eight macroalgae species were observed, including 7 Chlorophyta, 13 Phaeophyta and 38 Rhodophyta. In the non-disturbed site, 49 species were found, while at the disturbed site, there were 42 species. Dictyotaceae and Corallinaceae were the most representative families at the non-disturbed site, and Rhodomelaceae and Dictyotaceae at the disturbed site. The non-disturbed site presented a higher biomass and the greatest richness and diversity indices. In the disturbed site the dominance index was greater and Caulerpa racemosa was the dominant species. The dendogram based on similarity index showed two major clusters, and an isolated element at the center that corresponds to a sample from the disturbed site. In the first cluster, samples from the non-impacted site were predominant and fleshy brown algae were more conspicuous. The second cluster was composed primarily of samples from the impacted site, where C. racemosa and red filamentous and erect calcareous algae associations (turf forming) were observed covering large extensions. These associations are represented by groups of algae adapted to environments where disturbances are frequent. They can grow rapidly on substrate where benthic community was removed and do not allow the establishment of other species. The results of the present study show that tourism activity is an impacting factor that has been causing shifts in macroalgae communities in the Maracaja�� Reef Complex

AN��LISE MICROBIANA E DO TEOR DE FL��OR ADICIONADO �� ��GUA DE ABASTECIMENTO EM UM ESTADO DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL

Objetivo: Analisar os teores de ��ons de fluoreto e o padr��o microbiol��gico encontrado nas ��guas de abastecimento p��blico dos munic��pios alagoanos que fluoretam suas ��guas. M��todos: Estudo transversal descritivo realizado no per��odo de 2012 a 2014, no qual se analisaram todos os laudos emitidos pelo Laborat��rio Central de Sa��de P��blica de Alagoas (LACEN-AL) com os resultados da an��lise da qualidade da ��gua para consumo humano dos onze munic��pios alagoanos que fluoretaram suas ��guas, totalizando 3.089 laudos. Avaliouse o n��mero total de amostras enviadas para an��lise da qualidade da ��gua, a quantidade de amostras em que foi solicitada a an��lise de fluoreto, teores e varia����es dos ��ons de fluoreto e o padr��o microbiol��gico das amostras fluoretadas. Realizou-se a an��lise descritiva dos dados, obtendo-se as frequ��ncias absolutas e relativas percentuais. Resultados: Foram encontradas 429 (83,9%) amostras coletadas no intervalo 0,0-0,5 mgF/L, n��mero considerado abaixo do recomend��vel, al��m de grande varia����o na concentra����o dos ��ons de fluoreto e 128 (26,3%) amostras de ��gua fluoretada fora dos padr��es de potabilidade. Conclus��o: Os dados mostraram uma grande varia����o e um alto percentual de amostras com baixas concentra����es de fluoreto, assim como a necessidade de melhoria da qualidade da ��gua ofertada, de modo a garantir para a popula����o o acesso cont��nuo �� ��gua pot��vel.

Perfil socioecon��mico de pessoas com ��lcera venosa: aspectos relevantes para a enfermagem

Tra��ar o perfil socioecon��mico dos pacientes com ��lcera venosa. M��todo: estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, realizado com 50 pessoas no ambulat��rio de cl��nica cir��rgica do Hospital Universit��rio Onofre Lopes/HUOL, localizado no munic��pio de Natal/RN/Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando-se um roteiro de entrevista. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e armazenados numa planilha do software Excel e analisadas pela estat��stica descritiva. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit�� de ��tica em Pesquisa, CAAE 0038.0.294.000-11. Resultados: idade m��dia de 59,72 anos, 66% pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 60% possu��am companheiro, a m��dia de estudos foi de 4,98 (��3,36) anos e a renda familiar 2,3 sal��rios m��nimos. Encontrou-se, portanto, o perfil de pessoas com ��lcera venosa semelhante ao evidenciado na literatura. Conclus��o: �� imprescind��vel conhecer as caracter��sticas dessa clientela para desenvolver estrat��gias visando �� melhoria de suas condi����es de sa��de