Estudo da detecção preventiva da osteoporose pela aplicação da variação da permissividade elétrica a partir da sondagem eletromagnética

This paper proposes a method based on the theory of electromagnetic waves reflected to evaluate the behavior of these waves and the level of attenuation caused in bone tissue. For this, it was proposed the construction of two antennas in microstrip structure with resonance frequency at 2.44 GHz The problem becomes relevant because of the diseases osteometabolic reach a large portion of the population, men and women. With this method, the signal is classified into two groups: tissue mass with bony tissues with normal or low bone mass. For this, techniques of feature extraction (Wavelet Transform) and pattern recognition (KNN and ANN) were used. The tests were performed on bovine bone and tissue with chemicals, the methodology and results are described in the work

Modelo arquitetural de comunicação para monitoramento de pacientes baseado em middleware, computação móvel e ubíqua

Hospital Automation is an area that is constantly growing. The emergency of new technologies and hardware is transforming the processes more efficient. Nevertheless, some of the hospital processes are still being performed manually, such as monitoring of patients that is considered critical because it involves human lives. One of the factors that should be taken into account during a monitoring is the agility to detect any abnormality in vital signs of patients, as well as warning of this anomaly to the medical team involved. So, this master's thesis aims to develop an architecture to automate this process of monitoring and reporting of possible alert to a professional, so that emergency care can be done effectively. The computing mobile was used to improve the communication by distributing messages between a central located into the hospital and the mobile carried by the duty

Viabilidade econômica dos sistemas manual e mecanizado de aplicação de herbicidas em ferrovias

A aplicação mecanizada de herbicidas em ferrovias tem como principal vantagem a grande capacidade operacional, cobrindo trechos extensos em curtos espaços de tempo. Entretanto em função das características dos equipamentos utilizados, quase sempre ocorre grande desperdício de herbicida. A aplicação manual, através de pulverizadores costais, tem como principal vantagem a possibilidade da pulverização dirigida às áreas infestadas, diminuindo a quantidade de herbicida aplicado. Por outro lado, sua reduzida capacidade operacional faz com que a aplicação de longos trechos seja demorada, tornando-a, assim, mais dependente dos problemas climáticos e operacionais da ferrovia. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar uma análise comparativa das características operacionais e econômicas destes sistemas de aplicação, apontando os fatores mais importantes a serem avaliados para a sua implantação. Para tanto, foram realizadas simulações em computador, baseando-se em diversas equações matemáticas e dados levantados no campo. Os resultados mostraram que a aplicação manual apresentou-se mais econômica apenas para trechos com baixas infestações (até 10%, e média). Na composição de custos, os gastos com herbicidas corresponderam a cerca de 80% do total para a aplicação mecanizada e apenas 8% na manual. Levando-se em conta os fatores operacionais e de mão-de-obra, em apenas um dos trechos avaliados houve vantagem econômica do uso da aplicação manual.

Avaliação dos modelos de predição de propagação para telefonia móvel celular na cidade do Natal

The development of wireless telecommunication in the last years has been great. It has been taking academics to conceive new ideas and techniques. Their aims are to increase the capacity and the quality of the system s services. Cells that are smaller every time, frequencies that are every time higher and environments that get more and more complex, all those facts deserve more accurate models the propagation prediction techniques are inserted in this context and results with a merger of error that is compatible with the next generations of communication systems. The objective of this Work is to present results of a propagation measurement campaign, aiming at pointing the characteristics of the mobile systems covering in the city of Natal (state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). A mobile laboratory was set up, using the infra-structure available and frequently used by ANATEL. The measures were taken in three different areas: one characterized by high buildings, high relief, presence of trees and towers of different highs. These areas covered the city s central zone, a suburban / rural zone and a section of coast surrounded by sand dunes. It is important to highlight that the analysis was made taking into consideration the actual reality of cellular systems with covering ranges by reduced cells, with the intent of causing greater re-use of frequencies and greater capacity of telephone traffic. The predominance of telephone traffic by cell in the city of Natal occurs within a range inferior to 3 (three) km from the Radio-Base Station. The frequency band used was 800 MHz, corresponding to the control channels of the respective sites, which adopt the FSK modulation technique. This Dissertation starts by presenting a general vision of the models used for predicting propagation. Then, there is a description of the methodology used in the measuring, which were done using the same channels of control of the cellular system. The results obtained were compared with many existing prediction models, and some adaptations were developed by using regression techniques trying to obtain the most optimized solutions. Furthermore, according to regulations from the old Brazilian Holding Telebrás, a minimum covering of 90% of a determined previously area, in 90% of the time, must be obeyed when implanting cellular systems. For such value to be reached, considerations and studies involving the specific environment that is being covered are important. The objective of this work is contribute to this aspect

Influência da chuva após aplicação de imazamox sobre o controle de plantas daninhas aquáticas

This study aimed to evaluate the imazamox control efficiency on aquatic plants under different intervals of simulated rain after its spraying. The experiment was carried out in completely random design with four replications. The imazamox at 290.4 g ha(-1) was tested on three aquatic weed species, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia adnata Desv and, under eight different rain-free periods (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours). Rainfall was simulated using a sprinkler irrigation system (20mm). There was a good control of Eichhornia crassipes, regardless of periods without rain after herbicide spraying. However, Pistia stratiotes took a rain-free period of at least eight hours to obtain an effective control. In Salvinia adnata, whole rain-free periods affected the control provided by the herbicide.

Cobre e zinco no material percolado e no solo com a aplicação de água residuaria de suinocultura em solo cultivado com soja

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar possíveis efeitos da aplicação de taxas de água residuária de suinocultura (ARS), quanto às concentrações de cobre e zinco, tanto no solo quanto na água percolada de lisímetros de drenagem, durante o ciclo da cultura da soja. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, onde havia 24 lisímetros de drenagem. Semeou-se soja cultivar CD 202, e foram aplicadas ARS nas seguintes dosagens: 0; 100; 200 e 300 m³ ha-1 no ciclo, combinadas com duas adubações na semeadura (com e sem adição da adubação recomendada na semeadura), em três repetições por tratamento. Foram feitas seis coletas do material percolado durante o ciclo da cultura e realizadas determinações de cobre e zinco. No solo, foram feitas três coletas em cada parcela experimental, para a determinação do pH, da matéria orgânica, da capacidade de troca catiônica, do cobre e do zinco. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, num esquema fatorial de 4 x 2. Observou-se que o cobre no solo não apresentou diferenças significativas com a aplicação de ARS e adubação, enquanto as concentrações de zinco no solo foram influenciadas pelas taxas aplicadas de ARS. As transferências de cobre e de zinco por percolação foram pouco expressivas.

Depósitos de calda obtidos com a aplicação aérea de defensivos na cultura da banana

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo de antenas patches de microfita miniaturizadas em banda larga para aplicação em dispositivos móveis e portáteis

This work presents techniques used to design and manufacture microstrip patch antennas for applications in portable and mobile devices. To do so, are evaluated several factors that can influence the performance of microstrip patch antennas. Miniaturization techniques are studied and employed in order to apply this type of antenna in mobile and / or mobile. The theories of microstrip patch antennas are addressed by analyzing characteristics such as constitution, kinds of patches, substrates, feeding methods, analysis methods, the main advantages and disadvantages and others. Techniques for obtaining broadband microstrip patch antennas were surveyed in literature and exemplified mainly by means of simulations and measurements. For simulations of the antennas was used the commercial software . In addition, antenna miniaturization techniques have been studied as a main concern the fundamental limits of antennas with special attention to electrically small antennas because they are directly linked to the microstrip patch antennas. Five design antennas are proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness of techniques used to obtain the microstrip patch antennas broadband and miniaturized for use in mobile devices and/or portable. For this, the proposed antennas were simulated, built and measured. The antennas are proposed to be used in modern systems of wireless communications such as DTV, GPS, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.11, etc. The simulations of the antennas were made in business and computer programs. The measured results were obtained with a parser Vector of networks of the Rhode and Schwarz model ZVB 14

Identificação em tempo real de modelo dinâmico de robô móvel com acionamento diferencial e zona morta

Several mobile robots show non-linear behavior, mainly due friction phenomena between the mechanical parts of the robot or between the robot and the ground. Linear models are efficient in some cases, but it is necessary take the robot non-linearity in consideration when precise displacement and positioning are desired. In this work a parametric model identification procedure for a mobile robot with differential drive that considers the dead-zone in the robot actuators is proposed. The method consists in dividing the system into Hammerstein systems and then uses the key-term separation principle to present the input-output relations which shows the parameters from both linear and non-linear blocks. The parameters are then simultaneously estimated through a recursive least squares algorithm. The results shows that is possible to identify the dead-zone thresholds together with the linear parameters

Estudos e projetos de filtro interdigital em microfita para aplicação prática ao transponder do satélite ITASAT

This work shows a theoretical analysis together with numerical and experimental results of transmission characteristics from the microstrip bandpass filters with different geometries. These filters are built over isotropic dielectric substrates. The numerical analysis is made by specifical commercial softwares, like Ansoft Designer and Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS). In addition to these tools, a Matlab Script was built to analyze the filters through the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The filters project focused the development of the first stage of filtering in the ITASAT s Transponder receptor, and its integration with the others systems. Some microstrip filters architectures have been studied, aiming the viability of implementation and suitable practical application for the purposes of the ITASAT Project due to its lowspace occupation in the lower UHF frequencies. The ITASAT project is a Universityexperimental project which will build a satellite to integrate the Brazilian Data Collect System s satellite constellation, with efforts of many Brazilian institutes, like for example AEB (Brazilian Spatial Agency), ITA (Technological Institute of Aeronautics), INPE/CRN (National Institute of Spatial Researches/Northeastern Regional Center) and UFRN (Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte). Comparisons were made between numerical and experimental results of all filters, where good agreements could be noticed, reaching the most of the objectives. Also, post-work improvements were suggested.

Estudo do efeito de dipolos em arranjos de antenas adaptativas de sistemas de comunicação DS-CDMA

This master dissertation introduces a study about some aspects that determine the aplication of adaptative arrays in DS-CDMA cellular systems. Some basics concepts and your evolution in the time about celular systems was detailed here, meanly the CDMA tecnique, specialy about spread-codes and funtionaly principies. Since this, the mobile radio enviroment, with your own caracteristcs, and the basics concepts about adaptive arrays, as powerfull spacial filter was aborded. Some adaptative algorithms was introduced too, these are integrants of the signals processing, and are answerable for weights update that influency directly in the radiation pattern of array. This study is based in a numerical analysis of adaptative array system behaviors related to the used antenna and array geometry types. All the simulations was done by Mathematica 4.0 software. The results for weights convergency, square mean error, gain, array pattern and supression capacity based the analisis made here, using RLS (supervisioned) and LSDRMTA (blind) algorithms.

Aplicação de reguladores vegetais no retardamento da abscisão de frutos de laranjeira-'Hamlin'

O trabalho avaliou os efeitos de auxinas e giberelina, combinadas e aplicadas em pré-colheita no desenvolvimento e na porcentagem de queda natural dos frutos de laranjeira-'Hamlin' (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). Foram realizadas 3 aplicações a intervalos de 45 dias dos seguintes tratamentos, via foliar: GA3 + NAA a 12,5mg.L-1 de cada; GA3 + NAA a 25mg.L-1; GA3 + 2,4-D a 12,5mg.L-1; GA3 + 2,4-D a 25mg.L-1; NAA + 2,4-D a 12,5mg.L-1; NAA + 2,4-D a 25mg.L-1; testemunha (água). As variáveis avaliadas foram: porcentagem de queda natural dos frutos (%), massa fresca de frutos (g) e teor de suco no fruto (%). Os resultados obtidos mostram que a utilização de reguladores vegetais atrasa a queda natural de frutos de laranjeira-'Hamlin', podendo-se prolongar o período de colheita, destacando-se o tratamento com GA3 25mg.L-1 +2,4-D 25mg.L-1 e também não influenciaram no aumento da massa fresca e no teor de suco dos frutos.