冲绳海槽北部表层沉积物中的放射虫及其古海洋学意义

放射虫是海洋微体古生物的一个重要类群，其生态分布与水体的物理化学性质和迁移有密切关系。沉积物中的化石放射虫蕴含着大量的古海洋环境和古气候信息，能为全球环境变化和气候过程研究提供有价值的资料，在古海洋学的研究中起着重要作用。本文对冲绳海槽北部80个表层沉积样品中的放射虫进行了系统鉴定和定量统计，研究了放射虫的种类组成与类群特征以及其丰度和分异度的分布；分析了海水温度、盐度、营养盐以及沉积物类型、成分等环境因素对放射虫分布的影响；采用Q-型因子分析，求得放射虫的属种和组合分布特征，探讨了放射虫组合与不同水团、海洋水文结构之间的关系；并对Pisias（1997）建立的估计表层海水年平均温度和其变化范围的放射虫转换函数在研究区的适用性做了检验。结果表明：（1）初步鉴定190个种，其中泡沫虫目Spumellaria在种和个体数量上占绝对优势，与有关资料对照表明，冲绳海槽北部的放射虫组合属热带大洋暖水动物群。放射虫的丰度和分异度在研究区的西北部和东南部有较大的差别，其分布呈现从西北向东南剧增的趋势，可划分为3个区。（2）放射虫的分布与现代表层海水温度、盐度有着很好的相关性，清楚地显示了对马暖流锋和黑潮锋的位置，但与表层水体的营养盐和初级生产力为负相关关系。沉积物类型特别是其粒度和陆源物质的含量极大地影响着放射虫的分布，放射虫的丰度和分异度明显地随沉积物粒度的增大和陆源物质含量的增加而减小；同时，放射虫的分布也显示了与沉积物中火山玻璃含量的密切相关性。（3）Q-型因子分析得到3个主因子，累积方差贡献为90.2%；其分布分别与对马暖流水、黑潮水和陆架混合水对应，显示了放射虫与水团、海流和海洋水文结构的密切关系。（4）利用57个样品的统计数据，对估计表层海水年平均温度和其变化范围的放射虫转换函数（Pisias，1997）的检验结果表明，其估计误差为6℃，实际值与估计值的相关性差，可靠性低，不适合于本区使用。

全球及北太平洋环流诊断模式研究

本文在基于GFDL的MOM模式基础上，分别建立了一个全球和一个北太平洋大洋环流的诊断模式（Robust diagnostic model），并分别进行了月平均的（全球模式还进行了年平均）模拟。积分的时间长度全球模式为11年，北太平洋模式为8年。水平空间分辨率，全球模式为1°* 1°，北太平洋模式为1／3°* 1／3°，垂向都分为21层。所用的温度、盐度数据基本是Levitus的资料进行了插值所得，表面风应力为Hellerman and Rosenstein的全球风场数据插值而来。从模拟的结果来看，全球大洋中的主要环流均得到体现，如：湾流，南北赤道流，北赤道逆流，南极绕极流，黑潮等等。与Fujio，Bryan等人的结果相吻合。基于模拟的结果，本文还分析了一些断面上的体积运输和热盐输运以及主要海区的热平衡。结果显示：南极绕极流从西向东，从印度洋南部（SSI）流往太平洋南部（SSP）的流量为170－190 Sv，而从SSP表面上流向大西洋南部（SSA）以及从SSA流向SSI的流量都大约为150－170 Sv。从SSP到南太平洋的流量为17－26 Sv，从太平洋通过印度尼西亚海流向印度洋的流量为15－29 Sv。从南印度洋到SSI的流量为17－26 Sv。各大洋中通过赤道的流量均很小。对于中国近海，由太平洋通过吕宋海峡进入南海的流量为0.6－2.1Sv，台湾海峡中的北向流量和台湾岛东部黑潮入侵东海的流量分别为0.1－1.9Sv和14－23Sv。琉球群岛北部和对马海峡中的流量分别为13－22Sv、1.6－2.1Sv。从日本海通过津轻和宗谷海峡流向太平洋的流量则分别为0.9v以及0.5－1.0Sv。一些断面上的热、盐通量也进行了分析。

Genetic mapping of size-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) using AFLP and microsatellite markers

We constructed genetic linkage maps for the bay scallop Argopecten irradians using AFLP and microsatellite markers and conducted composite interval mapping (CIM) of body-size-related traits. Three hundred seventeen AFLP and 10 microsatellite markers were used for map construction. The female parent map contained 120 markers in 15 linkage groups, spanning 479.6 cM with an average interval of 7.0 cM. The male parent map had 190 markers in 17 linkage groups, covering 883.8 cM at 7.2 cM per marker. The observed coverage was 70.4% for the female and 81.1% for the male map. Markers that were distorted toward the same direction were closely linked to each other on the genetic maps, suggesting the presence of genes important for survival. Six size-related traits, shell length, shell height, shell width, total weight, soft tissue weight, and shell weight, were measured for QTL mapping. The size data were significantly correlated with each other. We subjected the data, log transformed firstly, to a principle component analysis and use the first principle component for QTL mapping. CIM analysis revealed one significant QTL (LOD=2.69, 1000 permutation, P<0.05) in linkage group 3 on the female parent map. The mapping of size-related QTL in this study raises the possibility of improving the growth of bay scallops through marker-assisted selection. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.

The chemical constituents from red alga Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harv.

Eight compounds were isolated from red alga Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harv. In normal phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, reverse phase HPLC, and recrystallization. Based on MS and 1D NMR spectroscopic data, their structures were determined as: stigmast-4-en-3-one (I), cholest-4-en-3-one (II), cholesterol (III), uracil (IV), uridine (V), adenosine (VI), succinic acid (VII), and 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-5-pentyl-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-on (VIII). All of them were obtained from this species for the first time. Cytotoxicity of these compounds was screened using standard MTT method, but all the compounds were inactive (IC50 > 10 mu g/ml).

碱性蛋白酶降解骨胶原制备食品明胶工艺

[目的]研究碱性蛋白酶降解骨胶原的工艺条件,探索其应用于骨料制备明胶的可行性.[方法]采用碱性蛋白酶降解骨胶原制备食品明胶,通过正交试验L_9（3~4）得出酶解制备食品明胶的最佳工艺参数.[结果]结果表明：最佳工艺参数为20万U/g碱性蛋白酶用量为干骨质量的0.005%,酶解温度60℃,酶解pH值为8,酶解时问5 h,升温灭酶,提胶一次2 h;获得食品明胶指标值分别为：得胶率20.0%,黏度3.1 mPa•s,冻力193 Bloomg.[结论]该研究为获得品质和产量俱佳的食品明胶提供了试验依据.

青海湖地区围栏封育芨芨草种子形态及其萌发特性

以青海湖地区三角城种羊场的芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)为观测对泉,研究围栏内外芨芨草的种子外观特征差异,及其在5,10,15,20,25,30℃时的萌发特性,以期评价围栏封育对种子形态和萌发特性的影响.结果表明,围栏内芨芨草种子无论是颗粒大小,还是饱满程度均好于围栏外;在温度低于5℃时,芨芨草种子将不萌发,随着温度的升高,发芽率不断上升,高于25℃发芽率有下降的趋势.低温或高温均不利于种子萌发,即低于20℃或超过25℃萌发均受到不同程度抑制,芨芨草种子萌发适宜温度为20～25℃.围栏内芨芨草种子的萌发状况好于围栏外.

江河源区人工草地群落特征、多样性及其稳定性分析

对江河源区人工草地群落特征、多样性及其稳定性的研究结果表明,不同处理草地植物群落的物种丰富度、多样性、均匀度指数因时间和空间的变化而有明显的差异,群落演替从5龄到6龄,各群落丰富度和多样性指数增加,生物生产量降低,群落相似性系数增大.5龄老芒麦+早熟禾混播人工草地(LP5)群落的地上生物量最高(379.6 g/m2),老芒麦单播(ES5)居中(323.4 g/m2),对照组(CKF5和CK5)最低(124.3和118.6 g/m2).6龄植物群落地上生物量依次为原生植被+封育(VP6,310.1 g/m2)>老芒麦+早熟禾混播(LP6,216.3 g/m2)>老芒麦单播(ES6,190.8 g/m2)>对照(CK6,88.7 g/m2).群落间相似性系数的变化说明,单播(ES)与混播(LP)人工草地群落有趋同演化的趋势.人工草地群落随着结构的复杂化,与对照群落间的相似性提高,说明群落处于退化演替阶段,物种丰富度和多样性增大,群落稳定性提高.

唐古特大黄休眠芽诱导植株再生

1植物名称唐古特大黄(Rheum tanguticum),又名鸡爪大黄.2材料类别休眠芽.3培养条件分化培养基:以white、B5和190-2为基本培养基,附加6-BA 1.0～3.0 mg.L-1(单位下同)+NAA 0～0.2+肌醇200+CH 300.增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 3.0+NAA 0.1+肌醇200+CH 300.诱根培养基:MS+NAA 0.5+肌醇200+CH 300.上述培养基均附加3%蔗糖、0.5%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度为(20±1)℃,光源为日光灯,光照度为2 000 lx,光照时间18 h?d-1.

Diploid and tetraploid distribution of Allium przewalskianum Regel. (Liliaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions

Polyploidization plays an important role in generating the current high diversity of plants. Studies of distributional patterns of diploids and derivative autopolyploids have provided important insights into evolutionary processes and cryptic speciation of polyploidization within species defined on the basis of their morphology. However, few studies have been designed to examine distributions of infrageneric diploids and polyploids on the Asian Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Allium przewalskianum occurs widely on the QTP and in adjacent regions, at altitudes ranging from 2000m to 4500m. We collected a total of 844 individuals from 62 populations and determined their cytotypes over the entire distribution range of this species. Tetraploids tend to occur at high altitudes; however, the positive relationship between the ploidy and altitude was only marginally significant (P < 0.05). Contact zones between diploids and tetraploids were recorded on the eastern QTP from north to south. Four populations were found to harbor both cytotypes, but no triploid individuals. The wider distribution of tetraploids may be mainly due to their greater colonization ability in the new niches created by the Quaternary climatic oscillations in the QTP region. Our results offer a fundamental framework for studying evolutionary origins, adaptations and cryptic divergences of polyploids within this species complex based on molecular and/or ecological examinations in the future.

具有自适应能力管道机器人的设计与运动分析

提出并研制一种基于自适应移动机构的管内探查机器人。通过对机器人传动机构的设计,实现了在不增加驱动电动机数量的前提下,机器人具有适应不同管道直径的能力。机器人的传动机构能够在管道直径改变时,自动地改变行走部件的输出形式以克服障碍,完成越障任务。在没有应用链式多节构型的情况下,机器人配备一个驱动电动机就能够完成越障任务,改善了传统螺旋驱动式机器人越障能力不高的问题,同时也提高了对驱动电动机的使用效率。为了分析试验中发现的机器人保持架自转现象,对机器人进行运动分析,并由分析结果对相关部分进行改进。试验结果表明,该机器人能够在内径为190 mm和180 mm的管道中行进,并能够顺利通过两节管道间形成的同心台阶障碍,验证了自适应移动机构的行走能力。

青藏高原及邻区面波频散反演--岩石圈-软流层体系结构研究

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau lies in the place of the continent-continent collision between Indian and Eurasian plates. Because of their interaction the shallow and deep structures are very complicated. The force system forming the tectonic patterns and driving tectonic movements is effected together by the deep part of the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. It is important to study the 3-D velocity structures, the spheres and layers structures, material properties and states of the lithosphere and the asthenosphere for getting knowledge of their formation and evolution, dynamic process, layers coupling and exchange of material and energy. Based on the Rayleigh wave dispersion theory, we study the 3-D velocity structures, the depths of interfaces and thicknesses of different layers, including the crust, the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, the lithosphere-asthenosphere system in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas. The following tasks include: (1)The digital seismic records of 221 seismic events have been collected, whose magnitudes are larger than 5.0 over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas. These records come from 31 digital seismic stations of GSN , CDSN、NCDSN and part of Indian stations. After making instrument response calibration and filtering, group velocities of fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves are measured using the frequency-time analysis (FTAN) to get the observed dispersions. Furthermore, we strike cluster average for those similar ray paths. Finally, 819 dispersion curves (8-150s) are ready for dispersion inversion. (2)From these dispersion curves, pure dispersion data in 2°×2° cells of the areas (18°N-42°N, 70°E-106°E) are calculated by using function expansion method, proposed by Yanovskaya. The average initial model has been constructed by taking account of global AK135 model along with geodetic, geological, geophysical, receiving function and wide-angle reflection data. Then, initial S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle in the research areas have been obtained by using linear inversion (SVD) method. (3)Taking the results of the linear inversion as the initial model, we simultaneously invert the S wave velocities and thicknesses by using non-linear inversion (improved Simulated Annealing algorithm). Moreover, during the temperature dropping the variable-scale models are used. Comparing with the linear results, the spheres and layers by the non-linear inversion can be recognized better from the velocity value and offset. (4)The Moho discontinuity and top interface of the asthenosphere are recognized from the velocity value and offset of the layers. The thicknesses of the crust, lithosphere and asthenosphere are gained. These thicknesses are helpful to studying the structural differentia between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas and among geologic units of the plateau. The results of the inversion will provide deep geophysical evidences for studying deep dynamical mechanism and exploring metal mineral resource and oil and gas resources. The following conclusions are reached by the distributions of the S wave velocities and thicknesses of the crust, lithosphere and asthenosphere, combining with previous researches. (1)The crust is very thick in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, varying from 60 km to 80 km. The lithospheric thickness in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is thinner (130-160 km) than its adjacent areas. Its asthenosphere is relatively thicker, varies from 150 km to 230 km, and the thickest area lies in the western Qiangtang. India located in south of Main Boundary thrust has a thinner crust (32-38 km), a thicker lithosphere of about 190 km and a rather thin asthenosphere of only 60 km. Sichuan and Tarim basins have the crust thickness less than 50km. Their lithospheres are thicker than the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and their asthenospheres are thinner. (2)The S-wave velocity variation pattern in the lithosphere-asthenosphere system has band-belted distribution along east-westward. These variations correlate with geology structures sketched by sutures and major faults. These sutures include Main Boundary thrust (MBT), Yarlung-Zangbo River suture (YZS), Bangong Lake-Nujiang suture (BNS), Jinshajiang suture (JSJS), Kunlun edge suture (KL). In the velocity maps of the upper and middle crust, these sutures can be sketched. In velocity maps of 250-300 km depth, MBT, BNS and JSJS can be sketched. In maps of the crustal thickness, the lithospheric thickness and the asthenospheric thickness, these sutures can be still sketched. In particular, MBT can be obviously resolved in these velocity maps and thickness maps. (3)Since the collision between India and Eurasian plate, the “loss” of surface material arising from crustal shortening is caused not only by crustal thickening but also by lateral extrusion material. The source of lateral extrusion lies in the Qiangtang block. These materials extrude along the JSJS and BNS with both rotation and dispersion in Daguaiwan. Finally, it extends toward southeast direction. (4)There is the crust-mantle transition zone of no distinct velocity jump in the lithosphere beneath the Qiangtang Terrane. It has thinner lithosphere and developed thicker asthenosphere. It implies that the crust-mantle transition zone of partial melting is connected with the developed asthenosphere. The underplating of asthenosphere may thin the lithosphere. This buoyancy might be the main mechanism and deep dynamics of the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet hinterland. At the same time, the transport of hot material with low velocity intrudes into the upper mantle and the lower crust along cracks and faults forming the crust-mantle transition zone.

班公湖带多不杂超大型富金斑岩铜矿床的成岩成矿年代学、岩石学及高氧化岩浆¬流体-成矿作用

Duobuza copper deposit, newly discovered typical gold-rich porphyry copper deposit with superlarge potential, is located in the Tiegelong Mesozoic tectonic -magmatic arc of the southern edge of Qiangtang block and the northern margin of Bangonghu-Nujiang suture. Quartz diorite porphyrite and grandiorite porphyry, occurred in stock, are the main ore-bearing porphyries. As the emplacement of porphyry stock, a wide range of hydrothermal alteration has developed. Within the framework of the ore district, abundant hydrothermal magnetite developed, and the relationship between precipitation of copper and gold and hydrothermal magnetite seems much close. Correspondingly, a series of veinlets and network veinlets occurred in all alteration zones. Therefore, systematic research on such a superlarge high-grade Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copper deposit can fully revealed the metallogenic characteristics of gold-rich porphyry copper deposits in this region, establish metallogenetic model and prospecting criteria, and has important practical significance on the promotion of regional exploration. In addition, this research on it can enrich metallogenic theory of strong oxidation magma-fluid to gold-rich porphyry copper deposit, and will be helpful to understand the metallogenic characteristics in early of subduction of Gangdese arc stages and its entire evolution history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the temporal and spatial distribution of ore deposits and their geodynamics settings. Northern ore body of Duobuza copper deposit have been controlled with width (north-south) about 100 ~ 400 m, length (east-west) about 1400 m, dip of 200 °, angle of dip 65 °~ 80 °. And controlled resource amount is of 2.7 million tons Cu with grade 0.94% and 13 tons Au with 0.21g/tAu. Overall features of ore body are large scale, higher grade copper, gold-rich. Ore occurred in the body of granodiotite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyrite and its contact zone with wall rock. Through the detailed mapping and field work studies, some typies of alteration are identificated as follows: albitization, biotititation, sericitization, silication, epidotization, chloritization, carbonatization, illitization, kaolinization and so on. The range of alteration is more than 10km2. Wall alteration zone can be divided into potassic alteration, moderate argillization alteration, argillization, illite-hydromuscovite or propylitization from ore-bearing porphyry center outwards, but phyllic alteration has not well developed and only sericite-quartz veins occurred in local area. Moreover, micro-fracture is development in ore district , and correspondingly a series of veinlets are development as follows: biotite vein (EB type), K-feldspar-biotite-chalcopyrite-quartz vein, magnetite-antinolite-K-feldspar vein, quartz-chalcopyrite-magnetite veins (A-type), quartz-magnetite-biotite-K-feldspar vein, chalcopyrite veinlets in potassic alteration zone; (2) chalcopyrite occurring in the center vein–quartz vein (B type), chalcopyrite veinlets, chalcopyrite-gypsum vein in intermediate argillization alteration; (3) chalcopyrite- pyrite-quartz vein, pyrite-quartz vein, chalcopyrite-gypsum veins, quartz-gypsum- molybdenite-chalcopyrite vein in argillization alteration; (4) gypsum veins, quartz-(molybdenite)-chalcopyrite vein, quartz-pyrite vein, gypsum- chalcopyrite vein, potassium feldspar veinlets, Carbonate veins, quartz-magnetite veins in the wall rock. In short, various veins are very abundant within the framework of the ore district. The results of electronic probe microscopy analysis (EMPA) indicate that Albite (Ab 91.5~99.7%) occurred along the rim of plagioclase phenocryst and fracture, and respresents the earliest stages of alteration. K-feldspar (Or 75.1~96.9%) altered plagioclase phenocryst and matrix or formed secondary potassium feldspar veinlets. Secondary biotite occurred mainly in phenocryst, matrix and veinlets, belong to magnesium-rich biotite formed under the conditions of high-oxidation magma- hydrothermal. Chloritization developed in all alteration zones and alterd iron- magnesium minerals such as biotite and hornblende and then formed chlorite veinlets. As the temperature rises, Si in the tetrahedral site of chlorite decreased, and chlorite component evolved from diabantite to ripiolite. The consistent 280℃~360℃ of formation temperature hinted that chlorite formed on the same temperature range in all alteration zones. However, formation temperature range of chlorite from the gypsum-carbonate-chlorite vein was 190℃~220℃, and it may be the product of the latest stage of hydrothermal activity. The closely relationship between biotite and rutile indicate that most of rutiles are precipitated in the process of biotite alteration and recrystallization. In addition, the V2O3 concentration of rutile from ore body in Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copper deposit is >0.4％, indicate that V concentration in rutile has important significance on marking main ore body of porphyry copper deposit. Apatites from Duobuza deposit all are F-rich. And apatite in the wall rock contained low MnO content and relatively high FeO content, which may due to the basaltic composition of the wall rocks. The MnO in apatite from altered porphyry show a strong positive correlation with FeO. In addition, Cl/F ratio of apatite from wall rock was highest, followed by the potassic alteration zone and potassic alteration zone overprinted by moderate argillization alteration was the lowest. SO2 in Apatite are in the scope of 0 to 0.66%, biotite in the apatite has the highest SO2, followed by the potassic alteration zone, potassic alteration zone overprinted by moderate argillization alteration, and the lowest in the surrounding rocks, which may be caused by the decrease of oxygen fugacity of hydrothermal fluid and S exhaust by sulfide precipitation in potassic alteration. Magnetite in the wall rock have higher Cr2O3 and lower Al2O3 features compared with altered porphyry, this may be due to basalt wall rock generally has high Cr content. And magnetites have higher TiO2 content in potassic alteration than moderate argillization alteration overprinted by potassic alteration, argillization and wall rock, suggested that its formation temperature in potassic alteration was the highest among them. The ore minerals mainly are chalcopyrite and bornite, and Au contents of chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite are similar with chalcopyrite slightly higher. The Eu* negative anomaly of disseminated chalcopyrite was relatively lower than chalcopyrite in veinlets. Within a drill hole, the Eu* negative anomaly of disseminated chalcopyrite was gradually larger from bottom to top. Magnetite has the same distribution model, with obvious negative Eu* abnormal, and ΣREE in great changes. The gypsum has the highest ΣREE content and the obvious negative anomaly, and biotite obviously has the Eu* abnormal. Based on the petrographic and geochemical characteristics, five series of magmatic rocks can be broadly classified; they are volcanic rocks of the normal island arc, high-Nb basaltic rocks, adakites, altered porphyry and diorite. The Sr, Nd, Hf isotopes and geochemistry of various series of magmatic rock show that they may be the result of mixing between basic magma and various degrees of acid magma coming from lower crust melted by high temperature basic underplating from partial melting of the subduction sediment melt metasomatic mantle wedge. Furthermore S isotope and Pb isotope of the sulfide, ore-bearing porphyries and volcanic rocks indicated ore-forming source is the mantle wedge metasomatied by subduction sediment melt. Oxygen fugacity of magma estimated by Fe2O3/FeO of whole rock and zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ indicated that the oxidation of basalt-andesitic rocks is higher than ore-forming porphyry, and might imply high-oxidation characteristics of underplated basic magma. Its high oxidative mechanism is likely mantle sources metasomatied by subduction sediment magma, including water and Fe3+. And such high oxidation of basaltic magma is conducive to the mantle of sulfides in the effective access to melt. And the An component of dark part within plagioclase phenocryst zoning belong to bytownite (An 74%), and its may be a result of magma composition changes refreshment by basaltic magma injection. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronology study showed that the intrusions and volcanic rocks from Duobuza porphyry copper deposit belong to early Cretaceous magma series (126~105Ma). The magma evolution series are as follows: the earliest diorite and diorite porphyrite → ore-bearing porphyry and barren grandiorite porphyry →basaltic andesite → diorite porphyrite → andesite → basaltic andesite, and magma component shows a evolution trend from intermediate to intermediate-acid to basic. Based on the field evidences, the formation age of high-Nb basalt may be the latest. The Ar-Ar geochronology of altered secondary biotite, K-feldspar and sericite shows that the main mineralization lasting a interval of about 4 Ma, the duration limit of whole magma-hydrothermal evolution of about 6 Ma, and possibly such a long duration limit may result in the formation of Duobuza super-large copper deposit. Moreover, tectonic diagram and trace element geochemistry of volcanic rocks and diorite from Duobuza porphyry copper deposit confirm that it formed in a continental margin arc environment. Zircon U-Pb age of volcanic rocks and porphyry fall in the range of 105~121Ma, and Duobuza porphyry copper deposit locating in the north of the Bangonghu- Nujiang suture zone, suggested that Neo-Tethys ocean still subducted northward at least early Cretaceous, and its closure time should be later than 105 Ma. Three major inclusion types and ten subtypes are distinguished from quartz phenocrysts and various quartz veins. Vapor generally coexisting with brine inclusions, suggest that fluid boiling may be the main ore-forming mechanism. Raman spectrums of fluid inclusions display that the content of vapor and liquid inclusion mainly contain water, and vapor occasionally contain a little CO2. In addition, the component of liquid inclusions mainly include Cl-, SO42-, Na+, K+, a small amount of Ca2+, F-; and Cl- and Na+ show good correlation. Vapor mainly contains water, a small amount of CO2, CH4 and C2H6 and so on. The daughter minerals identified by Laman spectroscopy and SEM include gypsum, chalcopyrite, halite, sylvite, rutile, potassium feldspar, Fe-Mn-chloride and other minerals, and ore-forming fluid belong to a complex hydrothermal system containing H2O-NaCl-KClFeCl2CaCl2. H and O isotopic analysis of quartz phenocryst, vein quartz, magnetite, chlorite and gypsum from all alteration zones show that the ore-forming fluid of Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copper deposit consisted mainly of magmatic water, without addition of meteric water. Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copper deposit formed by the primary magmatic fluid (600-950C), which has high oxidation, ultra-high salinity and metallogenic element-rich, exsolution direct from the magma, and it is representative of the typical orthomagmatic end member of the porphyry continuum. Moreover, the fluid evolution model of Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copper deposit has been established. Furthermore, two key factors for formation of large Au-rich porphyry copper deposit have been summed up, which are ore-forming fluids earlier separated from magma and high oxidation magma-mineralization fluid system.

贵州金、锑、汞矿床与有机质的关系

当前,有机质在金属成矿中的作用是研究的热点.然而,以往的研究多集中在生物成矿阶段或单元素的成矿作用,对有机质参与多阶段、多元素的成矿作用研究甚少.本研究的地区是闻名中外的贵州东部(黔东)及西南部(黔西南)汞、锑、金矿区,无疑对丰富有机成矿地球化学理论以及指导找矿有重要意义.

高压密闭罐溶样-氢化物原子荧光法测定环境样品中的硒

使用浓HNO，＋HF混合液和浓HNO，液分别在高压密闭罐中消解土壤、沉积物、岩石和植物样品，6mol／LHCL加热还原样品后用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法（HG-AFS）测定样品中的硒。使用该法对土壤标准参考物质GSS-4、GSS-5、GSS-6、GSS-7和植物标准GSV-1、GSV-3进行了分析，硒的测定结果与推荐值一致。加标回收实验的回收率在98．0％～101．4％，平均为99．8％。实测样品中的硒与中子活化分析（NAA）和氢化物-多接受杯质谱计（HG-MC-ICP-Ms）的分析结果基本一致，表明该法平行样的重现性好，分析速度快，提高了硒分析的准确度和分析精度。