Preservation of fish by freezing and glazing. Pt. 2. Keeping quality of fish with particular reference to yellow discolouration and other allied organoleptic changes on prolonged storage

Organoleptic observations of quick, slow and block frozen, glazed and stored fish were recorded at regular intervals. Glazing was renewed at intervals of four weeks. Development of yellow discolouration in the case of white pomfret was followed. Keeping quality of glazed fish was better than unglazed frozen fish. Yellow discolouration could be controlled by ascorbic acid for 42 months and by a mixture of sodium chloride and glucose for 52 months.

发菜类囊体膜的组成及其光合特性的研究

发菜（Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah.）的细胞壁由纤维素、半纤维素、糖脂和蛋白质组成。未经破碎的细胞难以进行各种光合特性的研究。由于纯度较高的发菜类囊体膜制备比较困难，对它的光合机理的研究一直是停留在整体水平上进行。我们采用French Press低温下高压破碎细胞，建立了一种快速简便的制备方法。在提取液中加入一定浓度的Ca2+ （Ca2+既有助于维持类囊体膜的放氧活性又可以使类囊体膜在较低的离心速度下使类囊体膜得到凝集沉淀），从而在较短时间内、在高速离心的情况下得到了纯度较高并具有较高放氧活性的发菜类囊体膜。在此基础上，我们采用改进的Allen（1991）的温和绿胶系统，首次对陆生蓝藻发菜类囊体膜色素蛋白复合体进行了分离，共分离出了11条绿色的色素蛋白复合物条带和两条浅黄色的条带。7条绿色的色素蛋白复合物条带属于PSI组分，4条绿色的蛋白复合物条带属于PSII组分，其中一条浅黄色条带系未被报道过的新的色素蛋白复合物条带，经其光谱性质的分析初步鉴定为类胡萝卜素蛋白复合物，此复合物的分离有助于解释发菜独特的适应荒漠、半荒漠地带高光辐射的特性。 本文还对干燥状态、复水30分钟后和复水生长24小时后的野生发菜及人工培养的发菜藻丝体膜脂及其脂肪酸组成进行了分析。发菜的膜脂由MGDG、MGDG、SQDG和PG组成，其酯酰基部位连接有16:0、16:1、18:0、18:1、18:2和18:3六种脂肪酸。野生发菜中具有高含量的不饱和脂肪酸，其含量可达总脂的73%，其中16:1和18:3分别达到28.9mol%和34.3mol%，远远高于已报道的其它蓝藻，所以我们推测发菜具有极强的抗逆性和其膜脂不饱和程度密切相关。分析不同处理的发菜的膜脂和脂肪酸组成表明，复水对野生发菜的膜脂及其脂肪酸组成没有显著影响，说明发菜的膜脂和脂肪酸组成在干燥状态下能保持很高的稳定性。从野生发菜分离出的藻丝体在25 ℃条件下培养，其膜脂脂肪酸组成发生了显著变化，主要表现为脂肪酸的不饱和程度的大幅度降低，18:3从34.9mol%降低到8.6mol%，16:1从28.9mol%降低到13.9mol%。上述结果表明了发菜具有极强的通过改变其膜脂的脂肪酸组成而适应生存环境的能力。

Field emission from tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon

The field emission behaviour of a series of Tetrahedrally Bonded Amorphous Carbon (ta-C) films has been measured. The films were produced using a Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc System. The threshold field for emission and current densities achievable have been investigated as a function of sp3/sp2 bonding ratio and nitrogen content. Typical as-grown undoped ta-C films have a threshold field of order 10-15 V/μm and optimally nitrogen-doped films exhibit fields as low as 5 V/μm. The emission as a function of back contact and front surface condition has also been considered and shows that the back contact has only a minor effect on emission efficiency. However, after etching in either an oxygen or hydrogen plasma, the films show a marked reduction in threshold field, down to as low as 2-3 V/μm, and a marked improvement in emission site density.

多路温度信号预处理电路

本发明涉及一种计算机控制的、用于温度传感器信号采集与处理的、具有多个信号采集与处理通道的前端电子设备。用于多测量点温度自动监测与控制系统。一种多路温度信号预处理电路，包括有机箱，多个温度信号输入，基准电压产生电路，其主要特点包括有多个输入电路与其对应的多个温度信号输入、放大电路连接；放大电路连接于多路输出调制电路，多路输出调制电路输出信号；基准电压产生电路与输入电路的输入端连接；输入电路的输出端连接放大电路进而与多路输出调制电路连接或输入电路的输出端连接参比端（冷端）信号处理电路并进而与多路输出调制电路连接，两种连接方式采用跳线器／开关选择设置；计算机控制端连于多路输出调制电路。本发明的有益效果是，适用性强，是一种既可以用于采集处理热电偶信号，也可以用于采集处理热电阻信号的前端设备；集成度高，单机包含通道数多；实行多路同时采集处理，处理速度快。

云南基诺族及汉族特发性全面强直-阵挛性癫(癎)与CLCN2基因的相关性

目的 研究氯离子通道CLC-2基因是否与中国云南地区基诺族及汉族特发性全面强直-阵挛性癫(癎)(IGTCS)相关.方法 以14例云南西双版纳傣族自治州景洪市基诺乡基诺族IGTCS患者及其16名未发病亲属、67例云南籍汉族IGTCS患者及57名云南籍汉族健康体检者为对照,对常染色体3q26上CLCN2基因的内含子2及外显子5、19(内含子18)进行研究,采用PCR及直接基因测序技术,应用病例-对照研究法对CLCN2基因与云南基诺族及汉族IGTCS进行相关性分析.结果 CLCN2基因的内含子2及外显子5、19在病例组和对照组中均没有发现已报道的易患突变,但我们在对外显子19的序列测定过程中发现了其上游内含子18的146位上存在1个单核苷酸多态性位点:146T→C.该位点的3种基因型(TT、TC、CC)在汉族病例组(9、3、29例)和汉族对照组(22、9、26例)之间的分布差异有统计学意义(x2=16.079,P＜0.05);在基诺族组(基诺族病例组+基诺族亲属组,6、12、12例)与汉族对照组(22、9、26例)之间分布差异亦有统计学意义(x2=7.027,P＜0.05).汉族病例组与汉族对照组间TT型与非TT型基因型(分别为9、32例和22、35例)、TC型与非TC型基因型(分别为3、38例和9、48例)比较差异有统计学意义(x2=10.694,OR=4.121,P＜0.05;x2=11.592,OR=0.238,P＜0.05).结论 CLCN2基因内含子18的多态性位点146T→C可能是中国云南地区基诺族与汉族IGTCS患者的1个相关性位点,且在本组有限的样本数量研究中,此SNP位点在两个民族IGTCS患者之间的分布无民族差异.基因型TT为IGTCS的1个保护性因素,基因型TC则增加了患者的易患性.

Natural versus artificial scene classification by ordering discrete fourier power spectra

Holistic representations of natural scenes is an effective and powerful source of information for semantic classification and analysis of arbitrary images. Recently, the frequency domain has been successfully exploited to holistically encode the content of natural scenes in order to obtain a robust representation for scene classification. In this paper, we present a new approach to naturalness classification of scenes using frequency domain. The proposed method is based on the ordering of the Discrete Fourier Power Spectra. Features extracted from this ordering are shown sufficient to build a robust holistic representation for Natural vs. Artificial scene classification. Experiments show that the proposed frequency domain method matches the accuracy of other state-of-the-art solutions. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

大蹼铃蟾皮肤白蛋白的分离纯化及抗体制备

通过离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析,在大蹼铃蟾(Bombina maxima)皮肤中得到其白蛋白(BmA-skin).该蛋白具有较强的胰蛋白酶抑制活性.用0.5mg/只BmA-skin作为免疫源免疫大白兔,经三次免疫后,抽取大白兔血液,分离血清,饱和硫酸氨沉淀,获得抗BmA-skin的多克隆抗体.经ELISA方法测定该抗体与大蹼铃蟾白蛋白发生免疫反应,抗体滴度为1:100000.

Relationship between total length and mouth gap of some commercially important carp fry

The estimated regression equation for total length and mouth gape computed were Log TL = Log 0.23 + 0.663 log MG (vertically) (r = 0.960) and Log TL = Log 0.08 + 0.686 log MG (horizontally) (r = 0.949). In case of rohu average total length from 11350 mm to 23775 mm and mouth gape 805 um to 1225 um (vertically) and 700 um to 1110 um (horizontally) between the first day of mouth opening up to 15 days. The regression equation for total length and mouth gap were Log TL = Log 0.20 + 0.660 log MG (vertically) (r = 0.935) and Log TL = Log 0.02 + 0698 log MG (horizontally) ( r = 0.907). In case of silver carp average total length from 12800 ,urn to 33555 um and mouth gape 690 um to 1210 um (vertically) and 615 um to 1115 um (horizontally) between the first day of mouth opening up to 15 days. The regression equation for total length and mouth gape were Log TL = Log 0.36 + 0.596 log MG (vertically) (r = 0.936) and Log TL = Log 0.26 + 0.607 log MG (horizontally) (r = 0.891). The relationship between total length and mouth gape (vertically and horizontally) of the studied fry were found to be linear and highly significant.

Over-wintering performance of mixed sex and monosex tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted for six months in 6 experimental ponds (each size 80 of m2) to assess the over-wintering performance between mixed sex and monosex tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The experiment was carried out with two treatments each with three replicates. In the first treatment (T1), mixed sex tilapia were stocked in 3 ponds with a mean initial of 4.80±0.18 g. In the second treatment (T2), monosex tilapia were stocked in another 3 ponds with a mean initial weight of 4.81 ±0.20 g. Each pond was stocked with 250 fingerlings. Fish were fed at the rate of 6% of fish body weight at the beginning. The feeding rate was gradually reduced to 2% for the third month and finally increased to 3% for rest of the period. Water quality was monitored fortnightly and the ranges were: temperature17.86-29.10°C, dissolved oxygen 4.25-6.10 mg/1, pH 6.97-7.20 and transparency 24.10-36.50 cm. After 6 months of rearing monosex tilapia attained a significantly (p

Study on regional differences in soil-water characteristics and their relevance to aquaculture productivity and fish disease

A total of 45 ponds used for fish polyculture were investigated in three zones of Bangladesh to identify the differences among the zones in respect to aqua-ecology, culture practices, fish productivity and health management. Four hundred and fifty fish from three zones were clinically examined by naked eye and histopathology. Out of total number of fish examined, 45 fish from Dhaka zones were examined for parasites and bacteria in addition to histopathology. Faded and haemorrhagic gill, skin, fin, scale loss and lesions were observed during fish examination. Aeromonas spp. Pseudomonas spp. and Streptococcus spp. were isolated respectively from 56%, 46% and 39% affected fish. Among the five water quality parameters analyzed, the highest average hardness and alkalinity respectively were recorded in Rajshahi (156 ppm and 142 ppm) followed by Dhaka (146 ppm and 132 ppm) and Chittagong (81 ppm and 90 ppm). The highest average pH was recorded in Mymensingh (7.52) followed by Rajshahi (7.13) and Chittagong (7.05). Water holding capacity of soil in Rajshahi zone was poor compared to other zones and farmers were found to be reluctant to fish farming.

GENETIC VARIATION AMONG SEA BASS POPULATIONS

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对花鲈群体的遗传结构进行了研究,共检测了中国沿海花鲈146 尾和40 尾日本 东京湾花鲈。其群体的多态位点比例为012667 —015333 ,观测杂合度和预期杂合度分别为010211 —010515 和 010398 —010797。中日花鲈在LDH 3 , GPI21 3 , GPI22 3 基因位点上的等位基因接近完全置换。中国花鲈各群体之 间的根井遗传距离为010004 —010011 ,平均值约为010080 ;而中日花鲈间的根井遗传距离为011870 —011954 ,平均值 为011926。以上结果表明中国花鲈群体间遗传变异很小,中日花鲈间遗传变异远大于中国花鲈群体间的遗传距 离。

Preparation of smoke cured fillets from oil sardine

A method of preparation of smoke cured fillets of oil sardine is described. Various procedural steps like brining, smoking, packaging etc. have been described and the shelf life assessed. Sodium propionate treatment is recommended to enhance storage life; BHA to control rancidity; and thermal treatment to overcome the insect infestation. The product has good consumer appeal.