TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3玻璃系统的形成区及性质研究

制备了一种新型的氧卤碲酸盐玻璃：TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3,给出并研究了TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3三元系统的玻璃形成范围。测试了玻璃的密度、折射率、差热(DTA)、拉曼光谱、红外透射光谱以及紫外吸收光谱,通过光谱分析研究了组分含量的变化对玻璃结构及红外透射特性的影响。实验结果表明,TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3玻璃系统具有优良的成玻璃性能和热稳定性等特性,而且在2.8～3.3 μm区域内无明显的[OH]基团吸收,在中红外3～5 μm区域具有优良透射性能,因此在中红外透射方面具有潜在应用价值。

Seasonal Blowfly Distribution and Abundance in Fragmented Landscapes. Is It Useful in Forensic Inference about Where a Corpse Has Been Decaying?

Blowflies are insects of forensic interest as they may indicate characteristics of the environment where a body has been laying prior to the discovery. In order to estimate changes in community related to landscape and to assess if blowfly species can be used as indicators of the landscape where a corpse has been decaying, we studied the blowfly community and how it is affected by landscape in a 7,000 km(2) region during a whole year. Using baited traps deployed monthly we collected 28,507 individuals of 10 calliphorid species, 7 of them well represented and distributed in the study area. Multiple Analysis of Variance found changes in abundance between seasons in the 7 analyzed species, and changes related to land use in 4 of them (Calliphora vomitoria, Lucilia ampullacea, L. caesar and L. illustris). Generalised Linear Model analyses of abundance of these species compared with landscape descriptors at different scales found only a clear significant relationship between summer abundance of C. vomitoria and distance to urban areas and degree of urbanisation. This relationship explained more deviance when considering the landscape composition at larger geographical scales (up to 2,500 m around sampling site). For the other species, no clear relationship between land uses and abundance was found, and therefore observed changes in their abundance patterns could be the result of other variables, probably small changes in temperature. Our results suggest that blowfly community composition cannot be used to infer in what kind of landscape a corpse has decayed, at least in highly fragmented habitats, the only exception being the summer abundance of C. vomitoria.

Yb掺杂的YAlO<3/sub>单晶体的温梯法生长和光谱性能

The dark-brown colored 5 at% Yb-doped YAlO3 (Yb:YAP) single crystal was grown successfully by temperature gradient technique (TGT) for the first time. The TGT-grown Yb:YAP crystal with the perovskite structure and excellent crystallization perfection were confirmed by the X-ray diffractions techniques. The dark-brown color of TGT-Yb:YAP crystal turned into the colorless after annealing in the air at 1200 degrees C for 10h. The absorption spectra, LD-excited infrared emission and X-ray excited luminescence spectra of the air-annealed Yb:YAP single crystal were investigated at the room temperature. The results indicate that the TGT-Yb:YAP single crystals can be used for the laser and scintillation applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Yb∶Y3Al5O12晶体晶格振动光谱的研究

采用提拉法生长Y3Al5O12(YAG)晶体和Yb3+掺杂原子数分数分别为5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50%和100%的Yb∶Y3Al5O12(Yb∶YAG)晶体。系统表征和分析了Yb3+掺杂浓度对拉曼光谱的影响。随着Yb3+掺杂浓度的增加,晶体的振动模式没有明显的变化,晶体结构没有改变;在370 cm-1和785 cm-1附近,振动吸收峰的半峰全宽逐渐增大。分析得出,Yb3+掺杂浓度对晶体的晶格、对称性、荧光寿命均有影响,从而可能影响到晶体的光谱和激光性能。