Description of sampling sites in Northern Russia

The youngest ice marginal zone between the White Sea and the Ural mountains is the W-E trending belt of moraines called the Varsh-Indiga-Markhida-Harbei-Halmer-Sopkay, here called the Markhida line. Glacial elements show that it was deposited by the Kara Ice Sheet, and in the west, by the Barents Ice Sheet. The Markhida moraine overlies Eemian marine sediments, and is therefore of Weichselian age. Distal to the moraine are Eemian marine sediments and three Palaeolithic sites with many C-14 dates in the range 16-37 ka not covered by till, proving that it represents the maximum ice sheet extension during the Weichselian. The Late Weichselian ice limit of M. G. Grosswald is about 400 km (near the Urals more than 700 km) too far south. Shorelines of ice dammed Lake Komi, probably dammed by the ice sheet ending at the Markhida line, predate 37 ka. We conclude that the Markhida line is of Middle/Early Weichselian age, implying that no ice sheet reached this part of Northern Russia during the Late Weichselian. This age is supported by a series of C-14 and OSL dates inside the Markhida line all of >45 ka. Two moraine loops protrude south of the Markhida line; the Laya-Adzva and Rogavaya moraines. These moraines are covered by Lake Komi sediments, and many C-14 dates on mammoth bones inside the moraines are 26-37 ka. The morphology indicates that the moraines are of Weichselian age, but a Saalian age cannot be excluded. No post-glacial emerged marine shorelines are found along the Barents Sea coast north of the Markhida line.

Petrographic description and geochemistry of basalts and altered volcanic rocks from ODP Leg 183 sites

The basalts recovered during Legs 183 and 120 from the southern, central, and northernmost parts of the Kerguelen Plateau (Holes 1136A, 1138A, 1140A, and 747C, respectively), as well as those recovered from the eastern part of the crest of Elan Bank (Hole 1137A), represent derivates from tholeiitic melts. In the northern part of the Kerguelen Plateau (Hole 1140A), basalts may have formed from two sources located at different depths. This is reflected in the presence of both low- and high-titanium basalts. The basalts are variably altered by low-temperature hydrothermal processes (at temperatures up to 120°C), and some are affected by subaerial weathering. The hydrothermal alteration led mainly to the formation of smectites, chlorite minerals, mixed-layer hydromica-smectite and smectite-chlorite minerals, hydromica, serpentine(?), clinoptilolite, heulandite, stilbite, analcime, mordenite, thomsonite, natrolite(?), calcite, quartz, and dickite(?). Alteration of extrusive basalts is mainly related to horizontal fluid flow within permeable contact zones between lava flows. Under a nonoxidizing environment of alteration, the tendency to lose most of elements, including rare earth elements, from basalts dominates. Under on oxidizing environment, basalts accumulate many elements.

Description de l'interrogation directe en français : Son emploi par des hispanophones. Vers une étude contrastive et traductologique des aspects syntaxiques, sémantiques, pragmatiques et discursifs

Nuestra contribución es una presentación general del proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo en el IES en Lenguas Vivas « Juan R. Fernández » respecto de la interrogación total o parcial en francés. Este proyecto se propone (i) detectar los mecanismos de interferencia español-francés en los estudiantes del nivel superior (formadores de formadores y traductores; (ii) analizar los efectos de sentido que resultan de la elección (consciente o inconsciente) entre las diferentes formas sintácticas disponibles en francés; (iii) profundizar la descripción del comportamiento sintáctico, semántico y pragmático de la forma interrogativa con una visión contrastiva; (iv) estudiar la relación entre forma y función pragmática en cada una de las dos lenguas, integrando un enfoque traductológico. El marco teórico parte de una concepción dinámica del sentido (Victorri y Fuchs 1996), la multifuncionalidad pragmática de la interrogación (Dixon 2010), la inscripción del locutor en el discurso (Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1980). Se analizarán cuantitativa y cualitativamente cinco corpora de fuentes variadas: tests ad hoc, traducciones español-francés y francés-español, escritos espontáneos tomados de internet. Los resultados, que serán presentados en diciembre 2013, permitirán elaborar un material pedagógico orientado a los cursos de formación de formadores y de traductores