Portraits of Erna Weill nee Helft outdoors Portraits Women

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Eine Erinnerung an den Geburtstag von Frau Sobernheim (in memory of Mrs. Sobernheim's birthday); Wiesbaden Portraits Groups Women

Image 200 participants include Erna Behr, Lenka Bederheimer, Paula Arendt, Elsa Trum, Hedwig Trum, Ruth Rosenau, Johanna Schoenmann and Martha Bruchfeld

Portraits of Paula Pohl Rieser nee Wagner Portraits Women

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Charlotte (Lotte) Engel Portraits Women

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Portrait of Rosalie Rothschild nee Stern; Cologne Portraits Women

Handwritten on verso: Rosalie Rothschild

Helene Bejach portraits women

Wife of Dr. Max Bejach (12/29/1853 - 6/6/1932)

Hedwig 0ttow, Festungslazarett Koenigsberg military portraits women

Hedwig Ottow later married Dr. Max Bejach

Paula Beer-Hofmann with her cat Portraits Women

Handwritten caption: Frau Paula Beer-Hofmann in herzlicher Verbundenheit, Liebe und Verehrung. Signed Helene Thinnig

Studio portrait of Anna Hoch Hauser seated and holding a copy of the book "Geschichten Aus Tirol" by Carl Wolf; Vienna Portraits Women

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Studio portrait of Emilie?; Görlitz, Germany Portraits Women

Verso: handwritten dedication signed Emilie

Studio portrait of the sister of Max Rieser; Krakow Portraits Women

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Studio portrait of the sister of Max Rieser; Krakow Portraits Women

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Effect of rodents on seed fate of five hornbill-dispersed tree species in a tropical forest in north-east India

Hornbills are important dispersers of a wide range of tree species. Many of these species bear fruits with large, lipid-rich seeds that could attract terrestrial rodents. Rodents have multiple effects on seed fates, many of which remain poorly understood in the Palaeotropics. The role of terrestrial rodents was investigated by tracking seed fate of five horn bill-dispersed tree species in a tropical forest in north-cast India. Seeds were marked inside and outside of exclosures below 6-12 parent fruiting trees (undispersed seed rain) and six hornbill nest trees (a post-dispersal site). Rodent visitors and seed removal ere monitored using camera traps. Our findings suggest that several rodent species. especially two species of porcupine were major on-site seed predators. Scatter-hoarding was rare (1.4%). Seeds at hornbill nest trees had lower survival compared with parent fruiting trees, indicating that clumped dispersal by hornbills may not necessarily improve seed survival. Seed survival in the presence and absence of rodents varied with tree species. Some species (e.g. Polyalthia simiarum) showed no difference, others (e.g. Dysoxylum binectariferum) experienced up to a 64%. decrease in survival in the presence of rodents. The differing magnitude of seed predation by rodents can have significant consequences at the seed establishment stage.

Emilie Mosse and Anna Ginsberg walking in a park; Cape Martin Portraits; Groups; Women

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