Comparação entre métodos para determinar o período anterior à interferência de plantas daninhas em feijoeiros com distintos tipos de hábitos de crescimento

Beans grain productivity may be reduced by up to 80% and, therefore, knowing the proper time to control weeds becomes fundamental, his research was conducted in order to determine the period prior to interference (PPI) on bean cultivars of different types'plant growth through distinct approaches: arbitrary level of 5% productivity loss; tolerance level (TL), and the Weed Period Prior to Economic Loss (WEEPPEL). Experimental treatments were constituted of ten periods of coexistence, periods of the crop with the weeds: 0-7; 0-14; 0-21; 0-28; 0-35; 0-42; 0-49; 0-56; 0-97 (harvesting) days after emergency (DAE), and a control plot, weed free for the entire period. The experimental design was of the Random Block Design, with four replications. PPI was obtained in all of the different approaches, and the bean plant type II with indeterminate growth had the lowest times of coexistence.

Construction of R4 terms in N = 2 D = 8 superspace

Using linearized superfields, R4 terms in the Type II superstring effective action compactified on T2 are constructed as integrals in N = 2 D = 8 superspace. The structure of these superspace integrals allows a simple proof of the R4 non-renormalization theorems which were first conjectured by Green and Gutperle. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

Changes in cells's secretory organelles and extracellular matrix during endochondral ossification in the mandibular condyle of the growing rat

The mandibular condyle from 20-day-old rats was examined in the electron microscope with particular attention to intracellular secretory granules and extracellular matrix. Moreover, type II collagen was localized by an immunoperoxidase method. The condyle has been divided into five layers: (1) the most superficial, articular layer, (2) polymorphic cell layer, (3) flattened cell layer, (4) upper hypertrophic, and (5) lower hypertrophic cell layers. In the articular layer, the cells seldom divide, but in the polymorphic layer and upper part of the flattened cell layer, mitosis gives rise to new cells. In these layers, cells produce two types of secretory granules, usually in distinct stacks of the Golgi apparatus; type a, cylindrical granules, in which 300-nm-long threads are packed in bundles which appear lucent after formaldehyde fixation; and type b, spherical granules loaded with short, dotted filaments. The matrix is composed of thick banded lucent fibrils in a loose feltwork of short, dotted filaments. The cells arising from mitosis undergo endochondral differentiation, which begins in the lower part of the flattened cell layer and is completed in the upper hypertrophic cell layer; it is followed by gradual cell degeneration in the lower hypertrophic cell layer. The cells produce two main types of secretory granules: type b as above; and type c, ovoid granules containing 300-nm-long threads associated with short, dotted filaments. A possibly different secretory granule, type d, dense and cigar-shaped, is also produced. The matrix is composed of thin banded fibrils in a dense feltwork. In the matrix of the superficial layers, the lucency of the fibrils indicated that they were composed of collagen I, whereas the lucency of the cylindrical secretory granules suggested that they transported collagen I precursors to the matrix. Moreover, the use of ruthenium red indicated that the feltwork was composed of proteoglycan; the dotted filaments packed in spherical granules were similar to, and presumably the source of, the matrix feltwork. The superficial layers did not contain collagen II and were collectively referred to as perichondrium. In the deep layers, the ovoid secretory granules displayed collagen II antigenicity and were likely to transport precursors of this collagen to the matrix, where it appeared in the thin banded fibrils. That these granules also carried proteoglycan to the matrix was suggested by their content of short dotted filaments. Thus the deep layers contained collagen II and proteoglycan as in cartilage; they were collectively referred to as the hyaline cartilage region.

Produção de amilases pelo cultivo em estado sólido de Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus e sua utilização na obtenção de xarope de glicose

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Some aspects of abelian and nonabelian T-duality and the gauge/gravity correspondence

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Distribuição espacial, plano de amostragem sequencial e dinâmica populacional de Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) em algodoeiro

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Sala de recursos multifuncionais: um estudo de caso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Epidemiologia molecular e estudo dos fatores de virulência de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à oxacilina isolados de feridas em pacientes atendidos em unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Botucatu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Secagem por atomização do suco de uva: microencapsulação das antocianinas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Epidemiologia da colonização e infecção microbiana em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: abordagem clínica e molecular

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da teneurina-2 (Ten-2) nos astrócitos do córtex cerebral de ratos adultos após lesão mecânica. Estudo imuno-histoquímico e de expressão gênica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comparação entre métodos para determinar o período anterior à interferência de plantas daninhas em feijoeiros com distintos tipos de hábitos de crescimento

A interferência causada pelas plantas daninhas pode reduzir em até 80% a produtividade de grãos do feijão quando não manejadas de forma correta. Portanto, a decisão sobre o momento de controlá-las é um dos principais aspectos do manejo integrado. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar o período anterior à interferência das plantas daninhas (PAI) em cultivares de feijão com diferentes tipos de hábitos de crescimento. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos experimentais foram constituídos de dez períodos de convivência da cultura com as plantas daninhas: 0-7, 0-14, 0-21, 0-28, 0-35, 0-42, 0-49, 0-56, 0-97 (colheita) dias após a emergência (DAE) e mais uma testemunha sem convívio com as plantas daninhas. O PAI foi determinado por meio de distintas abordagens: o nível arbitrário de 5% de perda na produtividade, o nível de tolerância (NT) e o de dano no rendimento econômico (PADRE). O PAI obtido foi diferente em todas as abordagens, e os feijoeiros de crescimento indeterminado tipo II apresentaram os menores tempos de convivência.

Evaluating Measurement Invariance with Censored Ordinal Data: A Monte Carlo Comparison of Alternative Model Estimators and Scales of Measurement

Evaluations of measurement invariance provide essential construct validity evidence. However, the quality of such evidence is partly dependent upon the validity of the resulting statistical conclusions. The presence of Type I or Type II errors can render measurement invariance conclusions meaningless. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of categorization and censoring on the behavior of the chi-square/likelihood ratio test statistic and two alternative fit indices (CFI and RMSEA) under the context of evaluating measurement invariance. Monte Carlo simulation was used to examine Type I error and power rates for the (a) overall test statistic/fit indices, and (b) change in test statistic/fit indices. Data were generated according to a multiple-group single-factor CFA model across 40 conditions that varied by sample size, strength of item factor loadings, and categorization thresholds. Seven different combinations of model estimators (ML, Yuan-Bentler scaled ML, and WLSMV) and specified measurement scales (continuous, censored, and categorical) were used to analyze each of the simulation conditions. As hypothesized, non-normality increased Type I error rates for the continuous scale of measurement and did not affect error rates for the categorical scale of measurement. Maximum likelihood estimation combined with a categorical scale of measurement resulted in more correct statistical conclusions than the other analysis combinations. For the continuous and censored scales of measurement, the Yuan-Bentler scaled ML resulted in more correct conclusions than normal-theory ML. The censored measurement scale did not offer any advantages over the continuous measurement scale. Comparing across fit statistics and indices, the chi-square-based test statistics were preferred over the alternative fit indices, and ΔRMSEA was preferred over ΔCFI. Results from this study should be used to inform the modeling decisions of applied researchers. However, no single analysis combination can be recommended for all situations. Therefore, it is essential that researchers consider the context and purpose of their analyses.

Avaliação da teneurina-2 (Ten-2) nos astrócitos do córtex cerebral de ratos adultos após lesão mecânica. Estudo imuno-histoquímico e de expressão gênica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

An Asymmetric Extension for the Family of Elliptical Slash Distributions

In this article, we introduce an asymmetric extension to the univariate slash-elliptical family of distributions studied in Gomez et al. (2007a). This new family results from a scale mixture between the epsilon-skew-symmetric family of distributions and the uniform distribution. A general expression is presented for the density with special cases such as the normal, Cauchy, Student-t, and Pearson type II distributions. Some special properties and moments are also investigated. Results of two real data sets applications are also reported, illustrating the fact that the family introduced can be useful in practice.