Contando o passado, tecendo a saudade: a construção simbólica do engenho açucareiro em Jose Lins do Rego (1919-1943)

In this work I have searched the symbolical sense of a specific place. I have started from the theoretical assumption that places are social relations resulting from material and symbolical conditions developed in a certain time and by certain factors. In this sense, I have analyzed the symbolical aspect of sugar plantation from some literary works created by the writer José Lins do Rego from the state of Paraíba. I intend to analyze the symbolical dimension senses, values and images used by this writer to show the sugar plantation. Giving special attention to the works from the named cycle of sugar plantation , I have searched for the senses and meanings used in José Lins do Rego literary discourse to create a fictional sugar plantation, showing this place in a specific way. Based in cultural history, I have used several sources: literary works, prefaces of books, memory works, journalistic works, letters written by intellectual men and history books. My time of analysis is from 1919 the beginning of José Lins do Rego s intellectual activity - until 1943 publication of Fogo Morto, last literary work that I have analyzed. In symbolical terms, what is sugar plantation, this place that has totally touched José Lins do Regos life and literary work? That was the structural question that has determined the present research

Quantitative trait loci associated with chemical composition of the chicken carcass

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantitative trait loci for performance traits in a broiler x layer cross

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Quantitative trait loci associated with fatness in a broiler-layer cross

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mapping quantitative trait loci in Gallus gallus using principal components

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Leaf trait variation on Erythroxylum tortuosum (Erythroxylaceae) and its relationship with oviposition preference and stress by a host-specific leaf miner

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Trait-mediated effects on flowers: Artificial spiders deceive pollinators and decrease plant fitness

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synaptonemal polycomplexes in spermatids: a characteristic trait of Orthoptera?

Spermatogenesis was analysed in a cricket, Eneoptera surinamensis (Gryllidae, Orthoptera), using ultrathin serial sections and transmission electron microscopy. Special attention was placed on documentation of the development and structure of synaptonemal polycomplexes (PCs) within spermatid nuclei. Pachytene spermatocytes showed the usual tripartite synaptonemal complexes in the nuclear lumen. PCs were situated close to chromosomes at the periphery of spindles in prometaphase I spermatocytes, where microtubule density was low. The PCs are probably incorporated into the daughter nuclei of both meiotic divisions by adhesion to chromosomes. Finally, PCs end up within spermatid nuclei. Analysis of serial sections through three nuclei of young spermatids revealed at least one PC within each. The PCs were intimately attached to an electrondense spherical nuclear body. This topographical correlation was confirmed through inspection of random sections. The PCs may have an affinity to the spherical bodies. In more developed spermatids, PCs and nuclear bodies were missing. Disassembly products of the PCs may play a role in spermatid maturation. In a series of other Orthoptera species, PCs have been reported to occur in the cytoplasm or the nuclei of spermatids. In most other systematic groups, PCs do not form at all or disassemble earlier. The presence of PCs in young spermatids, therefore, seems to be typical of Orthoptera.

Induction of the split sting trait in Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera : Apidae) by cold treatment of pupae

Split sting is the name given to a nonfunctional honey bee sting characterized by lancets not attached to the stylet. It has appeared in a mutant line in Brazil, and has provoked interest as a possible means to reduce honey bee colony defensiveness. We induced this alteration in Africanized Apis mellifera L. workers and queens by maintaining pupae at 20 degrees C. In particular, we determined the pupal phase most susceptible to alterations in the sting caused by cold treatment, and we investigated whether this treatment also affected survival to the adult phase and wing morphology. The highest frequency of split sting was detected in workers treated at the pink-eyed pupal phase. The lowest frequency was observed in the bees treated at the oldest worker pupal phase studied (brown-eyed pupae with lightly pigmented cuticle). Both queen pupal phases tested (white and pink-eyed pupae) were equally sensitive and produced high percentages of adults with split sting. However, the 20 degrees C treatment of workers and queens, at the different pupal phases, resulted in high frequencies of adults with deformed wings. Also, fewer workers and queens treated at the earlier pupal stages reached adult emergence. There was also an arrest in developmental time, corresponding to the period of cold treatment.

Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting resistance to gastrointestinal parasites in a double backcross population of Red Maasai and Dorper sheep

A genome-wide scan for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting gastrointestinal nematode resistance in sheep was completed using a double backcross population derived from Red Maasai and Dorper ewes bred to F1 rams. This design provided an opportunity to map potentially unique genetic variation associated with a parasite-tolerant breed like Red Maasai, a breed developed to survive East African grazing conditions. Parasite indicator phenotypes (blood packed cell volume PCV and faecal egg count FEC) were collected on a weekly basis from 1064 lambs during a single 3-month post-weaning grazing challenge on infected pastures. The averages of last measurements for FEC (AVFEC) and PCV (AVPCV), along with decline in PCV from challenge start to end (PCVD), were used to select lambs (N = 371) for genotyping that represented the tails (10% threshold) of the phenotypic distributions. Marker genotypes for 172 microsatellite loci covering 25 of 26 autosomes (1560.7 cm) were scored and corrected by Genoprob prior to qxpak analysis that included BoxCox transformed AVFEC and arcsine transformed PCV statistics. Significant QTL for AVFEC and AVPCV were detected on four chromosomes, and this included a novel AVFEC QTL on chromosome 6 that would have remained undetected without BoxCox transformation methods. The most significant P-values for AVFEC, AVPCV and PCVD overlapped the same marker interval on chromosome 22, suggesting the potential for a single causative mutation, which remains unknown. In all cases, the favourable QTL allele was always contributed from Red Maasai, providing support for the idea that future marker-assisted selection for genetic improvement of production in East Africa will rely on markers in linkage disequilibrium with these QTL.

Comparison of oxidative stress and the frequency of polymorphisms in the HFE gene between hemoglobin S trait blood donors and sickle cell disease patients

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Factors that cause genotype by environment interaction and use of a multiple-trait herd-cluster model for milk yield of Holstein cattle from Brazil and Colombia

Descriptive herd variables (DVHE) were used to explain genotype by environment interactions (G x E) for milk yield (MY) in Brazilian and Colombian production environments and to develop a herd-cluster model to estimate covariance components and genetic parameters for each herd environment group. Data consisted of 180,522 lactation records of 94,558 Holstein cows from 937 Brazilian and 400 Colombian herds. Herds in both countries were jointly grouped in thirds according to 8 DVHE: production level, phenotypic variability, age at first calving, calving interval, percentage of imported semen, lactation length, and herd size. For each DVHE, REML bivariate animal model analyses were used to estimate genetic correlations for MY between upper and lower thirds of the data. Based on estimates of genetic correlations, weights were assigned to each DVHE to group herds in a cluster analysis using the FASTCLUS procedure in SAS. Three clusters were defined, and genetic and residual variance components were heterogeneous among herd clusters. Estimates of heritability in clusters 1 and 3 were 0.28 and 0.29, respectively, but the estimate was larger (0.39) in Cluster 2. The genetic correlations of MY from different clusters ranged from 0.89 to 0.97. The herd-cluster model based on DVHE properly takes into account G x E by grouping similar environments accordingly and seems to be an alternative to simply considering country borders to distinguish between environments.

Multi-trait and random regression mature weight heritability and breeding value estimates in Nelore cattle

Mature weight breeding values were estimated using a multi-trait animal model (MM) and a random regression animal model (RRM). Data consisted of 82 064 weight records from 8 145 animals, recorded from birth to eight years of age. Weights at standard ages were considered in the MM. All models included contemporary groups as fixed effects, and age of dam (linear and quadratic effects) and animal age as covariates. In the RRM, mean trends were modelled through a cubic regression on orthogonal polynomials of animal age and genetic maternal and direct and maternal permanent environmental effects were also included as random. Legendre polynomials of orders 4, 3, 6 and 3 were used for animal and maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects, respectively, considering five classes of residual variances. Mature weight (five years) direct heritability estimates were 0.35 (MM) and 0.38 (RRM). Rank correlation between sires' breeding values estimated by MM and RRM was 0.82. However, selecting the top 2% (12) or 10% (62) of the young sires based on the MM predicted breeding values, respectively 71% and 80% of the same sires would be selected if RRM estimates were used instead. The RRM modelled the changes in the (co)variances with age adequately and larger breeding value accuracies can be expected using this model. © South African Society for Animal Science.

Cuba: estimacion de la mortalidad por sexo. Tabla de vida para los periodos 1919-1931 y 1931-1943

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