小角度范围内弱束缚核~(17)F弹性散射微分截面的奇异行为(英文)

在兰州放射性束流线(RIBLL)上完成了17F／17O+208Pb的弹性散射微分截面角分布测量．分析了17F／17O弹性散射产物微分截面的对数(ln(dσ／dθ))随散射角平方(θ2)的依赖关系．结果表明,在所测量的角度范围内(6°-20°),17O的这一依赖关系可以用一条直线很好地拟合,而17F的这一依赖关系需要两条不同斜率的直线才能拟合．17F数据拟合中的这种斜率改变可能起因于17F的奇异结构．对其他实验组数据的分析支持以上的结论,即在一定的角度范围内,弱束缚核与稳定核相比,弹性散射产物微分截面的对数与散射角平方的依赖关系有明显的差异,这可以作为深入研究“晕核”和“皮核”的一个新探针．

质子滴线核~(17)Ne在Si靶上反应总截面的测量

描述了在兰州放射性次级束流线上用 80MeV/u的2 0 Ne轰击Be靶产生出理论上预言有奇异结构的17Ne的次级束流 ,并用它轰击Si靶 ,测量它的反应总截面并与其相邻的核相比较 ,发现截面值没有增大的现象 .利用微观的Glauber模型进行了计算 ,理论计算和实验结果符合很好 ,确认其没有奇异结构 .

高电荷态离子Ar~(17+)与Mo表面作用过程中的X射线发射

观测了低速 (小于Bohr速度 )高电荷Ar17+离子与金属Mo表面相互作用的X射线发射 ,以及ArKα ,KβX射线强度随入射离子动能的变化 .

~(17)N+~(197)Au反应中碎片与中子的符合测量

在 3 3 .4MeV/u17N束轰击197Au靶产生的反应中 ,利用放置于不同角度组合的 1 7个中子探测器 ( 4°— 83°)和 1 4个半导体望远镜 ( 2 .3°— 9.0°)对反应产物碎片与中子进行了符合测量 .经对所得实验角分布积分得到Z =3— 6元素的同位素产额分布 .在参加者 -旁观者模型框架下 ,采用17N原子核内部的不同密度分布计算了同位素产额分布并与实验数据做比较

~(17)F和~(18)Ne与质子的弹性散射角分布

采用逆运动学方法对放射性核束17F和18Ne与质子进行弹性散射实验 ,得到了实验测量微分截面 .用较准确描述放射性核素性质的CH89参数化的光学势为初始光学势 ,用扭曲波玻恩近似的理论计算程序DWUCK4和自动参数搜索程序ABOD对实验数据进行光学势参数理论拟合 ,得到了与实验数据相符合的光学势参数 .将得到的光学势参数进行分析 ,得到了17F和18Ne实势相互作用均方根半径分别为 3 2 3 9fm和 3 3 1 7fm .

55MeV/u~(40)Ar~(17+)离子在生物等效材料中产生的核碎片

利用HIRFL(兰州重离子研究装置 )产生的 5 5MeV/u的4 0 Ar17+ 离子束 ,在辐照生物学实验终端 ,测量了其经过 1.5mm厚有机玻璃后三个不同角度的碎片分布情况。探索了应用由CsI(Tl) +快塑料闪烁探测器组成的Phoswich探测器研究重离子在生物材料中产生的核碎片角分布测量的可行性 ,结果表明这种实验方法是可行的 ,实验结果令人鼓舞。本工作为进一步的实验积累了可靠的经验。

F同位素的反应总截面测量和~(17)F可能的质子皮结构

应用透射法对中能区F同位素与C靶的反应总截面进行了测量 .发现17F的反应总截面比其邻近同位素的反应总截面稍有增强 .用Glauber模型和BUU模型对F同位素进行了差异因子d的分析 .17F的差异因子d比其附近同位素稍有增强 .分析结果表明17F可能存在质子皮结构 .

~(17)N破裂反应产物的测量

利用RIBLL提供的丰中子放射性束测量了17N在197Au和9Be靶上的破裂反应 .用 1 4单元阵列探测器测量得到了前角带电粒子产额和关联粒子对的破裂截面 ,得到了17N在197Au和9Be靶上的带电粒子破裂截面比为 4— 5倍 ,结果表明对重靶核除了核破裂机制外还要考虑库仑破裂的贡献

在33.4MeV/u~(17)N与~9Be反应中中子发射的起源

在不同角度测得的 33 4MeV/u17N +9Be反应中 ,发射中子的能谱具有复杂的形式 ,而且随着角度的增大显示出有规律的变化 发射中子至少来源于靶弹核间的核子 -核子碰撞、17N的破裂反应以及熔合热核的统计蒸发三种不同起源 分析结果表明 :反应体系三种起源的发射中子截面分别为 4 4 9,0 4 4和 5 5b

Gound State Properties of Nuclei in (295)118 alpha-Decay Chain

The properties of nuclei belonging to the alpha-decay chain of superheavy element (295)118 have been studied in the framework of axially deformed relativistic mean field (RMF) theory with the parameter set of NL-Z2 in the blocked BCS approximation. Some ground state properties such as binding energies, deformations, and alpha-decay energies Q(alpha) have been obtained and agree well with those from finite-range droplet model (FRDM). The single-particle spectra of nuclei in (295)118 alpha-decay chain show that the shell gaps present obviously nucleon number dependence. The root-mean-square (rms) radii of proton, neutron and matter distributions change slowly from (283)112 to (295)118 but dramatically from (279)110 to (283)112, which may be due to the subshell closure at Z = 110 in (279)110. The alpha-decay half-lives in (295)118 decay chain are evaluated by employing the cluster model and the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM), and the overall agreement is found when they are compared with the known experimental data. The alpha-decay lifetimes obtained from the cluster model are slightly larger than those of GLDM ones. Finally, we predict the alpha-decay half-lives of Z = 118, 116, 114, 112 isotopes using the cluster model and GLDM, which also indicate these two models can corroborate each other in studies on superheavy nuclei. The results from GLDM are always lower than those obtained from the cluster model.

Branching Ratios of alpha Decay for Nuclei near Deformed Shell Closures

The generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) is extended to the region around deformed shell closure (270)Hs by taking into account the excitation energy EI+ of the residual daughter nucleus and the centrifugal potential energy V-cen(r). The branching ratios of alpha decays from the ground state of a parent nucleus to the ground state 0(+) of its deformed daughter nucleus and to the first excited state 2(+) are calculated in the framework of the GLDM. The results support the proposal that a measurement of alpha spectroscopy is a feasible method to extract information on nuclear deformation of superheavy nuclei around the deformed nucleus (270)Hs.

Analytic expressions for alpha particle preformation in heavy nuclei

Experimental alpha decay energies and half-lives are investigated systematically to extract alpha particle preformation in heavy nuclei. Formulas for the preformation factors are proposed that can be used to guide microscopic studies on preformation factors and perform accurate calculations of the alpha decay half-lives. There is little evidence for the existence of an island of long stability of superheavy nuclei.

alpha-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei and general predictions

The generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) and the cluster model have been employed to calculate the alpha-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei (SHN) using the experimental alpha-decay Q values. The results of the cluster model are slightly poorer than those from the GLDM if experimental Q values are used. The prediction powers of these two models with theoretical Q values from Audi et al. (Q(Audi)) and Muntian et al. (Q(M)) have been tested to find that the cluster model with Q(Audi) and Q(M) could provide reliable results for Z > 112 but the GLDM with Q(Audi) for Z <= 112. The half-lives of some still unknown nuclei are predicted by these two models and these results may be useful for future experimental assignment and identification.

Alpha decay half-lives of heavy nuclei within a generalized liquid drop model

Theoretical alpha-decay half-lives of the heaviest nuclei are calculated using the experimental Q value. The barriers in the quasi-molecular shape path is determined within a Generalized Liquid Drop Model (GLDM) and the WKB approximation is used. The results are compared with calculations using the Density-Dependent, M3Y (DDM3Y) effective interaction and the Viola-Seaborg-Sobiczewski (VSS) formulae. The calculations provide consistent estimates for the half-lives of the a decay chains of these superheavy elements. The experimental data stand between the GLDM calculations and VSS ones in the most time.