Differences in coping, self-efficacy, and external control beliefs between patients at-risk for psychosis and patients with first-episode psychosis

Patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) often show dysfunctional coping patterns, low self-efficacy, and external control beliefs that are considered to be risk factors for the development of psychosis. Therefore, these factors should already be present in patients at-risk for psychosis (AR). We compared frequencies of deficits in coping strategies (Stress-Coping-Questionnaires, SVF-120/SVF-KJ), self-efficacy, and control beliefs (Competence and Control Beliefs Questionnaire, FKK) between AR (n=21) and FEP (n=22) patients using a cross-sectional design. Correlations among coping, self-efficacy, and control beliefs were assessed in both groups. The majority of AR and FEP patients demonstrated deficits in coping skills, self-efficacy, and control beliefs. However, AR patients more frequently reported a lack of positive coping strategies, low self-efficacy, and a fatalistic externalizing bias. In contrast, FEP patients were characterized by being overly self-confident. These findings suggest that dysfunctional coping, self-efficacy, and control beliefs are already evident in AR patients, though different from those in FEP patients. The pattern of deficits in AR patients closely resembles that of depressive patients, which may reflect high levels of depressiveness in AR patients. Apart from being worthwhile treatment targets, these coping and belief patterns are promising candidates for predicting outcome in AR patients, including the conversion to psychosis

Presse et prostitution à la lumière de Karl Kraus

Karl Kraus a repris, mais en l’amplifiant, la métaphore de Balzac qui compare la presse à une prostituée. Mais il élargit considérablement son propos dans une dénonciation de l’attitude hypocrite de la bourgeoisie et de la presse bourgeoise par rapport à la prostitution physique. Il développe pour ce faire une poétique où une pratique généralisée de l’antanaclase permet de dénoncer à la fois la presse et ses lieux communs par rapport aux prostituées.

Ueber die physische und moralische Verfassung der heutigen Juden

Stimme eines Kosmopoliten [d.i. Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Grattenauer]

Worte eines Juden, nach beendeter Landestrauer um ... Friedrich Wilhelm III. an seine christlichen Brüder gerichtet

von I. A. Francolm

Wider die Juden : ein Wort der Warnung an alle unsere christliche Mitbürger

[Verf.: Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Grattenauer]

Erklärung an das Publikum über meine Schrift : Wider die Juden

von C. W. F. Grattenauer

Erster Nachtrag zu seiner Schrift : Wider die Juden

Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Grattenauer