A Model Study of the Circulation in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and Its Adjacent Coastal Waters: 2. Sensitivity Experiments

The Princeton Ocean Model is used to study the circulation in the Pear River Estuary (PRE) and the adjacent coastal waters in the winter and summer seasons. Wong et al. [2003] compares the simulation results with the in situ measurements collected during the Pearl River Estuary Pollution Project (PREPP). In this paper, sensitivity experiments are carried out to examine the plume and the associated frontal dynamics in response to seasonal discharges and monsoon winds. During the winter, convergence between the seaward spreading plume water and the saline coastal water sets up a salinity front that aligns from the northeast to the southwest inside the PRE. During the summer the plume water fills the PRE at the surface and spreads eastward in the coastal waters in response to the prevailing southwesterly monsoon. The overall alignment of the plume is from the northwest to the southeast. The subsurface front is similar to that in the winter and summer except that the summer front is closer to the mouth and the winter front closer to the head of the estuary. Inside the PRE, bottom flows are always toward the head of the estuary, attributed to the density gradient associated with the plume front. In contrast, bottom flows in the shelf change from offshore in winter to onshore in summer, reflecting respectively the wintertime downwelling and summertime upwelling. Wind also plays an essential role in controlling the plume at the surface. An easterly wind drives the plume westward regardless winter or summer. The eastward spreading of the plume during the summer can be attributed to the southerly component of the wind. On the other hand, the surface area of the plume is positively proportional to the amount of discharge.

Fort Richardson Ordnance Detonations and the Harbor Porpoise: A Case Study in Marine Mammal Bioacoustics

Hearing is extremely important for cetaceans because it is their “principal sense” (Weilgart, 2007) thus the harbor porpoise and other marine animals are highly dependent on sound for survival. This is why we should care about the impact of noise on animals like the harbor porpoise. Since sound travels so well in water, an explosion, sonar, boat noise, etc. can affect a very large area and thus many different species of marine mammals. Although military actions such as low frequency sonar have made recent news, noise has been affecting cetaceans, especially beaked whales, since at least 1991 (Weilgart, 2007). This study is an investigation of the possible impacts of artillery detonated on land on harbor porpoise hearing and covers some of the history of Fort Richardson, the legal and historical aspects and history of this type of concern, the science and physics of sound, marine mammal hearing and general biology of the harbor porpoise. Data were collected at the Fort Richardson Army base during June of 2007 by researchers from the University of Connecticut and the University of Rhode Island and will be used to determine the possible impacts that these detonations could have on the harbor porpoise.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 661 - Berichte über die Arbeit des Instituts für Sozialforschung, "Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" u.a. (p. IX 78-IX 92.1a)

"Institut für Sozialforschung: Research Projects", Tabellarische Zusammenstellung (Juni 1953), Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Institut für Sozialforschung an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Germany: Memorandum" (1953), a) Typoskript, 12 Blatt, b) Typoskript, 13 Blatt; "Projects of the Institute for Social Research" (1.7.1954), Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Institut für Soziaforschung: Mitteilungen an die Presse" (November 1955), als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 6 Blatt; Clark: "Institut für Sozialforschung an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main" (etwa 1955), Typoskript, englisch, mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, unter anderem von Max Horkheimer, 2 Blatt; "Institut für Sozialforschung" (6.3.1958), a) als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 10 Blatt, b) Typoskript, 22 Blatt, c) Kurzfassung, Typoskript, 3 Blatt, d) Teilstück, Typoskript, 1 Blatt, e) Sonderdruck, 15 Seiten; Abgeschlossene und laufende Arbeiten des Instituts. Tabellarische Zusammenstellung (1958?), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; "Laufende Studien" Tabellarische Aufstellung (25.5.1961), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Friedrich Pollock (?): Anmerkungen zu Paul Klukes Darstellung des Instituts für Sozialforschung in dessen "Geschichte der Frankfurter Universität" (8.9.1969), Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt; Theodor W. Adorno: Über die Arbeiten des Instituts für Sozialforschung (Datierung unklar, etwa 1941-45), Teilstück eines Entwurfs, Typoskript mit eigenhändiger Korrektur, 2 Blatt; Über die wesentliche Aufgabe des Instituts: Vereinigung geisteswissenschaftlicher und empirischer Methoden (Datierung unklar), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; "Forschungsprojekte des Instituts" (Datierung unklar, etwa 1950), Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Ergänzungen von Friedrich Pollock, 5 Blatt; "Vorträge im Institut für Sozialforschung. Einladungen und tabellarische Aufstellungen" (1953 u.a.), 5 Blatt; "Vorlesungen und Übungen im Institut für Sozialforschung, Ankündigungen aus den Jahren 1952-64, 9 Blatt; "International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143): 1. "Research Project on Anti-Semitism", a) Typoskript, 45 Blatt;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 662 - "Research Project on Anti-Semitism" (p. IX 92.1b-IX 92.1d)

"International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143): 1. "Research Project on Anti-Semitism", b) Typoskript, 38 Blatt, c) Typoskript, 38 Blatt, d) Typoskript mit eigenhändigen und handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 46 Blatt;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 663 - "Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (p. IX 92.1e-IX 92.7)

International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143):; 1. e) Typoskript, 46 Blatt, f) Teilstück, Typoskript, 1 Blatt, g) deutsche Fassung, Typoskript, 43 Blatt; 2. Entwurf, deutsch, Typoskript mit eigenhändigen Korrekturen, 6 Blatt; 3. Über das Forschungsprojekt zum Antisemitismus, Typoskript, deutsch, 1 Seite fehlt, 38 Blatt; 4. Zitate aus Werken Friedrich Nietzsches über Jude, Antisemitismus, Rasse, Heinrich Heine, Typoskript, 18 Blatt; 5. Stichwortverzeichnis zu 4., handschriftliche Notizen, 10 Blatt; 6. Über Nietzsche, eigenhändige und handschriftliche Notizen zu 4., 3 Blatt; 7. "Supplementary Statement Dec. 1942", enthält unter anderem Abschriften bzw. Kopien von Briefen der Sponsoren des Projekts und ein Memorandum über die Tätigkeiten des Instituts 1939-41, a) als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 51 Blatt und 1 Sonderdruck: "International Institute of Social Research: A Report on Its History, Aims and Activities 1933-38", b) Typoskript und Photokopien, 28 Blatt und 2 Sonderdrucke: wie bei 7.a), außerdem "Research Project on Antisemitism", Studies in Philosophy and Social Science IX, 1941;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 664 - "Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (p. IX 92.8-IX 100)

International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143): 8. American Jewish Committee, Library: 1 Brief mit Unterschrift an Institute of Social Research, New York, 01.05.1941, 1 Brief mit Unterschrift von Institute of Social Research, New York, 3.5.1941, 2 Blatt; "Re: Anti-Semitism Project of the Institute of Social Research" (1941), Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Remarks to the new form of the Project on Anti-Semitism" (27.10.1942), Typoskript, 10 Blatt; "Memorandum on a Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (30.10.1942), a) Typoskript, 14 Blatt, b) Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Bemerkungen, 14 Blatt; Robert S. Lynd: Kommentar zu einer Beschreibung des Antisemitismus-Projekts vom 06.12.1942, Typoskript, englisch, mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; "Outline of a Research Project on Anti-Semitism, prepared for the American Jewish Committee" (15.12.1942), a) Typoskript, 17 Blatt, b) Typoskript, 18 Blatt, c) Teilstück, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Bemerkungen, 10 Blatt; "Memorandum on the Project on Antisemitism" (30.12.1942), a) Typoskript, 17 Blatt, b) Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Ergänzungen, 16 Blatt; "Some Methodological Errors in the Study of Antisemitism" (Januar 1943), Typoskript, 6 Blatt; "Intermediate Joint Meeting of the Institute of Social Research and the American Jewish Committee", Sitzungsprotokolle 01.03. - 27.07. 1943, Typoskripte mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 100 Blatt;

The effects of respiratory ailments and income on depression in a nationally representative sample

Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, sinusitis and hay fever have previously been documented as risk factors for future depression in a wide variety of populations. Likewise, belonging to a higher income category has been found to place a person at risk for any type of depression. This study investigates whether an interactive effect between personal income and the presence of any of the four aforementioned respiratory illnesses contribute to an increased risk for depression. Using the National Health and Nutrition Health Examination Survey cross-sectional survey for 2005-2006, analysis of an interaction term for each illness in the presence of confounding factors such as age, smoking status, past or present diagnosis of diabetes, coronary heart disease and heart attack was made within six distinct racial/ethnic and sex subgroups. Generally, interaction terms were found to be non-significant in nature, except hay fever and COPD where in a few subgroups where the interaction term conferred a protective or risk influence depending on the subgroup analyzed. These findings are discussed in light of potential social costs of having certain respiratory illnesses by individuals in higher income categories and the effect of severity within each illness on the resulting risk or protective effect of the interaction term.^