Crystal structure of the platelet activator convulxin, a disulfide-linked alpha(4)beta(4) cyclic tetramer from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus

Convulxin (CVX), a C-type lectin, isolated from the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus, causes cardiovascular and respiratory disturbances and is a potent platelet activator which hinds to platelet glycoprotein GPVI. The structure of CVX has been solved at 2.4 Angstrom resolution to a crystallographic residual of 18.6% (R-free =26.4%). CVX is a disulfide linked heterodimer consisting of homologous alpha and beta chains. The heterodimers are additionally linked by disulfide bridges to form cyclic alpha(4)beta(4)heterotetramers. These domains exhibit significant homology to the carbohydrate-binding domains of C-type lectins, to the factor IX-binding protein (IX-bp), and to flavocetin-A (Fl-A) but sequence and Structural differences are observed in both the domains in the putative Ca2+ and carbohydrate binding regions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Interfacial concentrations of chloride and bromide in zwitterionic micelles with opposite dipoles: Experimental determination by chemical trapping and a theoretical description

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Properties of l=1 B-1 and B*(2) Mesons

This Letter presents the first strong evidence for the resolution of the excited B mesons B-1 and B-2(*) as two separate states in fully reconstructed decays to B+(*())pi(-). The mass of B-1 is measured to be 5720.6 +/- 2.4 +/- 1.4 MeV/c(2) and the mass difference Delta M between B-2* and B-1 is 26.2 +/- 3.1 +/- 0: 9 MeV/c(2), giving the mass of the B-2* as 5746.8 +/- 2.4 +/- 1.7 MeV/c(2). The production rate for B-1 and B-2* mesons is determined to be a fraction (13.9 +/- 1.9 +/- 3.2)% of the production rate of the B+ meson.

Indications of Suppression of Excited Upsilon States in Pb-Pb Collisions at root(NN)-N-s=2.76 TeV

A comparison of the relative yields of Upsilon resonances in the mu(+)mu(-) decay channel in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 2.76 TeV is performed with data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Using muons of transverse momentum above 4 GeV/c and pseudorapidity below 2.4, the double ratio of the Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) excited states to the Upsilon(1S) ground state in Pb-Pb and pp collisions, [Upsilon(2S + 3S)/Upsilon(1S)](Pb-Pb) /[Upsilon 2S + 3S)/Upsilon(1S)](pp), is found to be 0.31(-0.15)(+0.19) (stat_ +/- 0.03(syst). The probability to obtain the measured value, or lower, if the true double ratio is unity, is calculated to be less than 1%.

Determinação das energias de ativação para nucleação de precipitados e difusão da prata na liga cu-2%al com adições de prata

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Gota suspensa para avaliação de aldeído total no ar interno e externo do ambiente

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pyridine Alkaloids from Senna multijuga As Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Phenolic Derivatives from Peperomia obtusifolia

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Further monoterpene chromane esters from Peperomia obtusifolia: VCD determination of the absolute configuration of a new diastereomeric mixture

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Resolution and Absolute Configuration Assignment of a Natural Racemic Chromane from Peperomia obtusifolia (Piperaceae)

The resolution of the natural racemic chromane 3,4-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethyl-8-(3 ''-methyl-2 ''-butenyl)-2-(4'-methyl-1',3'-pentadienyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carboxylic acid (1) isolated from the leaves of Peperomia obtusifolia has been accomplished using stereoselective HPLC. The absolute coil figuration of the resolved enantiomers was determined by the analysis of optical rotations and CD spectra. The finding of a racemic mixture instead of an enantiomerically pure metabolite raises questions about the final steps in the biosynthesis of this class of natural products, suggesting that the intramolecular chromane ring formation step may not be enzymatically controlled at all in P. obtusifolia. Chirality 21:799-801, 2009. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Inhibitory activity of compounds isolated from Polymnia sonchifolia on aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus

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Controle químico do aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes)

Foram testados os produtos 2,4-D, sulfentrazone, glyphosate, diquat, imazapyr, imazapic, metsulfuron-metil e sulfosate. Conduziram-se seis ensaios em condições controladas de casa de vegetação, visando estudar a eficácia no controle de Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. em todos os ensaios, as plantas de aguapé foram cultivadas em caixas com substrato como material de fundo e água completando o volume; os herbicidas foram aplicados com pulverizador costal a CO2. No primeiro ensaio, foram testados os herbicidas diquat, glyphosate, imazapyr e sulfentrazone. O diquat e o glyphosate foram altamente eficazes no controle de E. crassipes, com ação mais rápida do primeiro produto. Imazapyr e sulfentrazone indicaram que maior intensidade de controle poderá ser obtida em maior tempo de observação. No segundo ensaio, foram testados diquat, glyphosate, imazapyr, imazapic, 2,4-D, metsulfuron-metil e sulfosate. Diquat, glyphosate, imazapyr e 2,4-D foram eficazes no controle do aguapé. Diquat e 2,4-D mostraram ação mais rápida. O imazapyr apresentou lenta evolução, e o glyphosate, ação intermediária. Os herbicidas imazapic, sulfosate e metsulfuron, em função do tempo de avaliação, não mostraram eficácia satisfatória. No terceiro ensaio, foram estudados imazapyr e glyphosate aplicados três, seis e nove horas antes da incidência de chuva simulada. O glyphosate apresentou maior eficácia que o imazapyr e o glyphosate não sofreu influência do intervalo entre a aplicação e a ocorrência de chuva. No entanto, o desenvolvimento inicial dos sintomas foi mais rápido em intervalos maiores. No quarto ensaio foi estudado o diquat, aplicado nos períodos noturno e diurno, o qual foi eficiente no controle do aguapé na dose de 1,0 L ha-1 ou acima. Aplicações noturnas apenas proporcionaram ação mais rápida do produto, não influenciando o controle final. No quinto ensaio foi estudado o diquat em aplicações diurnas ou noturnas e em intervalos de 30, 60 e 120 minutos entre a aplicação e a ocorrência de chuva simulada, tendo ele mostrado elevada atividade herbicida contra o aguapé, com eficácia maior na dose de 2,00 L ha-1. A ação do produto foi maior em aplicações noturnas, período em que houve maior importância da extensão do intervalo entre a aplicação do produto e a ocorrência da primeira chuva. O último ensaio foi realizado em campo, para estudo da ação do imazapyr aplicado sobre plantas de aguapé crescidas em caixas de cimento-amianto. Todas as doses estudadas proporcionaram controle total da planta daninha. As doses mais elevadas apresentaram efeitos mais rápidos.

Biological Activity of Quinoline Alkaloids from Raulinoa echinata and X-ray Structure of Flindersiamine

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A chromene and prenylated benzoic acid from Piper aduncum

In addition to nerolidol, 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-8-(3'-methyl-2'-butenyl)-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate and methyl 8-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate, two new natural products were isolated from the leaves of Piper aduncum, 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylic acid and 3-(3',7'-dimethyl-2',6 '-octadienyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acid. The structures of the isolates were established based on analysis of spectroscopic data, including ES-MS. The DNA-damaging activity of the isolated compounds was also investigated against mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (C) 1999 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and methoxylated phenols in wood smoke emitted during production of charcoal

More than 130 organic substances in dichloromethane-methanol (4: 1) extracts of particulate matter and the gaseous phase from wood burning for the production of charcoal have been identified by capillary gas chromatography coupled with low-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-MS), use of GC retention indices, and comparison with authentic standards. Many of the substances identified are methoxyphenols (derivatives of syringol and guaiacol), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), oxidized PAH (oxy-PAH), and levoglucosan, the last being a monosoccharide derivative from the thermal breakdown of cellulose. The amount of unsubstituted PAH was greater than that of methyl- and dimethyl-substituted homologs.