Estudos fotoluminescentes em compostos de íons terras raras coordenados por um derivado carbazólico

[RE(czb)3(H2O)2] complexes (where RE = Eu3+, Tb3+, Gd3+; and czb = 4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzoato) have been synthesized and characterized. The Gd3+ complex was used to determine the triplet state energy of the czb ligand. Photoluminescence measurements of the complexes have been carried out under UV excitation. The Tb3+ complex exhibited a strong green luminescence indicating an efficient antenna effect, whereas the Eu3+ complex showed low red luminescence and the Gd3+ complex a blue-green luminescence from the ligand. The luminescence lifetimes and quantum yields have also been measured for the evaluation of the spectroscopic behavior of the complexes.

Recentes aplicações sintéticas de compostos orgânicos tricloro(bromo)metila substituídos

This review presents the recent applications of some trihalomethyl carbinols, α,α,α-trihalogenated carbonyl compounds and trichloro(bromo)methyl-containing heterocycles, acting as high versatile synthetic precursors in organic chemistry, based on the last 10 years' literature.

Utilização de eletrodos sólidos de amálgama para a determinação analítica de compostos orgânicos e inorgânicos

This review reports the use of solid amalgam electrodes in the electroanalytical determination of organic and inorganic compounds. The different types of amalgam electrodes are presented, and attention is paid to solid amalgam electrode, and here is presented details about the pre-treatment for activation and renovation and also possible modifications in its surface. The wide potential range, higher signal-to-noise ratio, mechanical stability enabling their application in flowing systems, and principally their resistance toward passivation, indicate that the solid amalgam electrodes are environmentally friendly alternatives to mercury electrodes, without loss in the sensitivity and reproducibility in voltammetric responses.

Validação computacional de métodos compostos no estudo de propriedades moleculares

Composite methods using ONIOM and different basis sets have been used to calculate proton and electron affinities for a set of alcohols at QCISD(T)/6-311++G(2df,p) level of theory. The study was carried out considering HF, MP2 and DFT (25 exchange correlation functional) methods. The calculation performed at ONIOM2(QCISD(T)/6-311++G(2df,p):HF/6-31G(d))//ONIOM2(O3LYP/6-31G(d):HF/6-31G(d)) resulted in the smallest average absolute deviation for AP and AE, 4,75 kJ/mol e 0,43 eV, respectively.

Caracterização cromatográfica de compostos orgânicos presentes nos resíduos sólidos provenientes de indústria de reciclagem de papel e sua aplicação na produção de briquetes de carvão vegetal

Recycling of paper in industrial scale has become an established practice worldwide. In this work, organic compositions of three different kinds of sludge generated in recycle paper industry were studied, and the incorporation of one of those sludge in briket was also investigated. The characterization of organic compounds in sludge samples and briket was performed using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry after a Soxhlet extraction. Different chemical classes were identified in each type of sludge, but just the sludge composed by cellulose residue did not presented polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Four formulations of sludge incorporated with charcoal for briket production were evaluated.

Recuperação de compostos de iodo de reagentes e soluções laboratoriais

This work presents simple routes to recover iodine compounds from oxidized laboratory chemicals and aqueous solutions (HI and KI) used in laboratory chemistry classes. These routes are based on the oxidation of iodide ions (I-) to iodine (I2) by an oxidant (H2O2) or reduction of oxidized iodine by red phosphorus or hydrazine. Both routes presented high yields. The oxidative route is of general use whereas the reductive one is appropriate for restoring original iodine reagents. Final wastes were generated in low amounts. This work is appropriate for teaching many laboratory techniques (e.g., distillation, titration and filtration) in the chemical laboratory.

Influência da secagem sobre o rendimento e composição química dos compostos voláteis das raízes de Piper piscatorum Trel. & Yunck. (Piperaceae)

In this study, we evaluated the yield and chemical composition of volatile compounds obtained from fresh, dried at 30 and 40 ºC respectively of Piper piscatorum, employing the technique of hydrodistillation. The volatile were chemically characterized by GC-MS and GC-FID. The main volatile compounds were selin-11-en-4-a-ol (57,63 ± 3,07%; 53,95 ± 1,56% and 56,20 ± 0,43%) and benzyl benzoate (15,40 ± 0,36%; 16,32 ± 0,85% and 15,04 ± 0,24%).The drying of the raw material reduced yield of volatile compounds, changing their chemical compositions.

Romp as a versatile method for the obtention of differentiated polymeric materials

Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic olefins is a powerful transition metal-catalyzed reaction for syntheses of polymers and copolymers. The key feature of this reaction is the [2+2]-cycloaddition mechanism, with retention of the olefinic unsaturation in the polymer chain and occurrence of living polymerization. With the development of metal-carbene type catalysts for this process, many addressed polymeric materials have been successfully prepared to be employed in several fields of the science and technology. This review summarizes recent examples of syntheses of polymers with amphiphilic features such as block, graft, brush or star copolymers; as well syntheses of biomaterials, dendronized architectures, photoactive polymers, cross-linked or self-healing materials, and polymers from renewed supplies.

Análise vibracional de compostos de coordenação de niquel(II): uma abordagem ao ensino dos grupos pontuais

This paper presents an IR and Raman experiment executed during the teaching of the course "Chemical Bonds" for undergraduated students of Science and Technology and Chemistry at the Federal University of ABC, in order to facilitate and encourage the teaching and learning of group theory. Some key aspects of this theory are also outlined. We believe that student learning was more significant with the introduction of this experiment, because there was an increase in the discussions level and in the performance during evaluations. This work also proposes a multidisciplinary approach to include the use of quantum chemistry tools.

Identificação dos compostos defensivos encontrados nas glândulas metatorácica e abdominais dorsais dos percevejos Loxa deducta e Pellaea stictica (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

The dorsal abdominal glands (DAGs) contents in nymphs and the metathoracic glands (MTG) in adult males and females (10, 20 and 30 days old) were characterized and quantified for Loxa deducta and Pellaea stictica. The major component for nymphs and adults was tridecane, with lesser amounts of other aliphatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, oxo-alkenals and esters. The five nymphal instars showed significant differences in compounds proportion. No significant differences was detected in MTG components proportion between sexes. However (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-decenyl acetate was significantly lower in adults from 10 to 20 days.

Determinação de compostos carbonilados e carboxilados em derivados de petróleo

Although metals and nitrogen/sulfur compounds have been the main concern of the petroleum industry, issues concerning the harmful effects on catalysts poisoning and product contamination by other contaminants such as oxygen-containing compounds have been raised. Trace amounts of carbonyl and carboxyl compounds in petroleum products can lead to catalyst poisoning. Additionally, oxygenates may be present in final polyethylene and polypropylene resins, affecting the quality of food packaging. In this work, we reviewed potential analytical approaches for oxygenates determination in petroleum products and report the features of each potential technique.

Flavonoides e outros compostos isolados de Mimosa artemisiana Heringer e Paula

This the first phytochemical investigation of Mimosa artemisiana (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) describing the isolation and identification of quercitrin, myricitrin, 3,5,4´-trihydroxi-6,7-dimethoxyflavone (6,7-dimethylkaepferol), flavolignans, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosil sitosterol, lupeol, sitostenone, stigmastenone, campestenone, sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, methyl indole-3-carboxilate and indole-3-carboxaldehyde in the extracts from the leaves and wood of this plant. This is the first registry of 6,7-dimethoxy,4'-hydroxy-flavona and the flavonolignans in this genera. The isolation of all metabolites was made by chromatographic methods and the structures were established on the basis of IR, MS, ¹H and 13C NMR spectra analysis, comparison with literature data and GC-MS of mixtures analysis.

Avaliação da estabilidade oxidativa do óleo bruto de açaí (Euterpe oleracea) na presença de compostos fenólicos puros ou de extratos vegetais amazônicos

A final 241 µM of ascorbyl palmitate and 555 µM of the following antioxidants separately: BHA, myricetin and quercetin standards, and extracts of Byrsonima crassifolia, Inga edulis or Euterpe oleracea, were added to crude açai oil and submitted to the oxidation process at 60 ºC for 11 days. Among the antioxidants used, only the myricetin standard showed the ability to defer the oxidation process until the third day of treatment. B. crassifolia, I. edulis and E. oleracea extracts showed no preventive capacity against the oxidation process, despite their high concentration phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities.

QSAR-3D/CoMFA em compostos imídicos com atividade antinociceptiva

Imide compounds have shown biological activity. These compounds can be easily synthesized with good yields. The objective of this paper was the rational planning of imides and sulfonamides with antinociceptive activity using the 3D-QSAR/CoMFA approach. The studies were performed using two data sets. The first set consisted of 39 cyclic imides while the second set consisted of 39 imides and 15 sulfonamides. The 3D- QSAR/CoMFA models have shown that the steric effect is important for the antinociceptive activity of imide and sulphonamide compounds. Ten new compounds with improved potential antinociceptive activity have been proposed by de novo design leapfrog simulations.

A importância da lei de Gay-Lussac para a classificação dos compostos orgânicos

This article shows the genesis of the law of volumes of combining gases, formulated by Gay-Lussac in 1808, and how it allowed the expression of the composition of organic compounds in terms of whole numbers of volumes, thus leading to the first classification of organic compounds, formulated by Dumas and Boullay in 1828. It was from this work that Organic Chemistry began to shed its purely taxonomic nature, analogous to what prevailed in Natural History, and to then develop in a vigorous and continuous process, initiating what may be the most significant historical phenomenon in the History of Chemistry of the nineteenth century.