997 resultados para Lipid metabolismo


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This study aimed at evaluating the oils extracted from seeds originating from agro-industrial waste, in order to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. Therefore, determinations of fatty acid profile, triacylglycerols, tocopherol composition, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity were performed in the oils of grape, guava, melon, passion fruit, pumpkin, soursop, and tomato seeds. Antioxidant capacity analysis was performed by the methods DPPH• , ABTS•+, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid, besides measure of oxidative stability in the oils. The oils showed to be predominantly unsaturated with high percentage of linoleic essential fatty acid (38.8 to 79.4%), besides presenting significant quantities of tocopherols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds. Tomato and guava oils showed better results in the antioxidant capacity tests and pumpkin oil had higher induction period in the oxidative stability test (65.3 h). The results obtained in this study collect information that enables the use of new alternative sources of vegetable oils, obtained from agroindustrial waste, which may serve as raw material for food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.

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Pós-graduação em Ciência Odontólogica - FOA

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Estudos em humanos e animais têm demonstrado que a nutrição inadequada em fase crítica de desenvolvimento, como na gestação, pode causar alterações da prole na vida adulta. Tais estudos levaram à proposição da hipótese de programação fetal, segundo a qual o risco para desenvolver certas doenças é função não apenas da carga genética ou dos hábitos de vida do indivíduo adulto, como também da atuação de fatores ambientais em períodos críticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito tardio da restrição calórica materna moderada (30%), na gestação e/ou lactação sobre o metabolismo energético da prole. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, sendo os grupos experimentais divididos da seguinte forma: NN (filhotes nascidos de mães normais e colocados em gaiolas com mães do grupo normal na lactação), NR (filhotes nascidos de mães do grupo normal e colocados em gaiolas com mães restritas na lactação), RN (filhotes nascidos de mães restritas na gestação e colocados em gaiolas com mães normais na lactação) e RR (filhotes nascidos de mães restritas na gestação e colocados em gaiolas com mães restritas na lactação). Foram avaliados o peso corporal, a ingestão de alimentos, os depósitos de gordura, o índice de adiposidade, lipídios plasmáticos, gordura hepática e gordura da carcaça.. A restrição nutricional materna provocou alterações significativas tanto em machos quanto em fêmeas no período do desmame, entretanto no início da idade adulta somente os machos apresentaram mudanças mais expressivas no metabolismo energético e no desenvolvimento corpóreo. Houve uma redução no peso corpóreo dos animais machos dos grupos NR, RN e RR (8,9%, 9,0% e 14,2%, respectivamente). No entanto, somente os grupos NR e RR apresentaram diminuição nos teores de gordura hepática e triglicerídeos plasmáticos. O fornecimento de dieta ad libitum na lactação às mães com ...

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Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

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Lipids have important biological functions, suchas membrane constituents, hormone precursors, and are efficient energy reserves, due to thers high caloric content. In fish, but not in mammals, lipid storage patterns are quite diverse. The aim of this study was to determine lipid distribution in somatic and reproductive tissues of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, both male and female, highlighting somatic indices related to lipid dynamics. From Oct 98 to Jan 99, a total of 174 fish (8-12 each month) were sampled. After fish anesthesia, heparinized blood was collected for plasma triacylglycerol determination. Fish were individually weighed and measured, and liver, gonads and visceral fat were collected and weighed for HSI (hepatosomatic index), GSI (gonad somatic index) and MFI (mesenteric fat index) calculation. The highest values of total lipids were found in red muscle (about 18%), liver and gonads (about 16.5%). The white muscle had a lower concentration (2.5%). Analyses of variance of HSI and MFI showed fluctuations along the experimental period with lowest concentrations in the periods of highest temperatures. Matrinxã store lipids in several body tissues, including mesenteric fat, liver, muscles and gonads.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Chronic consumption of ethanol causes morphological and physiological changes in the reproductive system of mammals. Vitamin C has an antioxidant role in organisms by neutralizing the ROS (reactive oxygen species) produced by oxidizing agents and this vitamin has an important function in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether vitamin C could prevent or attenuate the alterations in the male reproductive system caused by ethanol consumption. To test this hypothesis, male rats were divided into three experimental groups and treated by gavage for 63 days. The ethanol (E) and ethanol +vitamin C (EC) groups received 2 g/kg of ethanol (25% v/v) daily. In addition to ethanol, the EC group received vitamin C at a dose of 100 mg/day, diluted in water. The control group (C) received only the vehicle. On the 64th experimental day, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized, and blood was collected for plasmatic hormonal analysis. The testis, epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles were removed and weighed. Sperm from the vas deferens was submitted to morphological and motility analysis. The testis and epididymis were used for oxidative stress and histopathological analysis, sperm count, morphometric analysis of the testis, and stereological analysis of the epididymis. The results showed that vitamin C has a protective effect in the testes of adult male rats, entirely normalizing the parameters of sperm count, spermatogenesis kinetics, lipid peroxidation levels, and sperm motility, as well as partially normalizing the histopathological damage in the testis, epididymis, and sperm morphology. Thus, we concluded that lipid peroxidation is a major mechanism by which ethanol affects the testes and sperm, whereas no plasmatic testosterone alterations were found.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)