990 resultados para Laing, Malcolm, 1762-1818.
Resumo:
Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.220-222
Resumo:
Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.223-225
Resumo:
in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.228-245
Resumo:
in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.246-258
Resumo:
in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.259-271
Resumo:
in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.272-287
Resumo:
in Varia: notícia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.288-289
Resumo:
In his Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment (1784), Kant puts forward his belief that the vocation to think freely, which humankind is endowed with, is bound to make sure that “the public use of reason” will at last act “even on the fundamental principles of government and the state [will] find it agreeable to treat man – who is now more than a machine – in accord with his dignity”. The critical reference to La Mettrie (1747), by opposing the machine to human dignity, will echo, in the dawn of the 20th century, in Bergson’s attempt to explain humor. Besides being exclusive to humans, humor is also a social phenomenon. Freud (1905) assures that pleasure originated by humor is collective, it results from a “social process”: jokes need an audience, a “third party”, in order to work and have fun. Assuming humor as a social and cultural phenomenon, this paper intends to sustain that it played a role in the framing of the public sphere and of public opinion in Portugal during the transition from Absolute Monarchy to Liberalism. The search for the conditions which made possible the critical exercise of sociability is at the root of the creation of the public sphere in the sense developed by Habermas (1962), whose perspective, however, has been questioned by those who point 2 out the alleged idealism of the concept – as opposed, for example, to Bakhtin (1970), whose work stresses diversity and pluralism. This notwithstanding, the concept of public sphere is crucial to the building of public opinion, which is, in turn, indissoluble from the principle of publicity, as demonstrated by Bobbio (1985). This paper discusses the historical evolution of the concept of public opinion from Ancient Greece doxa, through Machiavelli’s “humors” (1532), the origin of the expression in Montaigne (1580) and the contributions of Hobbes (1651), Locke (1690), Swift (1729), Rousseau (1762) or Hume (1777), up to the reflection of Lippman (1922) and Bourdieu’s critique (1984). It maintains that humor, as it appears in Portuguese printed periodicals from 1797 (when Almocreve de Petas was published for the first time) to the end of the civil war (1834) – especially in those edited by José Daniel Rodrigues da Costa but also in O Piolho Viajante, by António Manuel Policarpo da Silva, or in the ones written by José Agostinho de Macedo, as well as in a political “elite minded” periodical such as Correio Braziliense –, contributed to the framing of the public sphere and of public opinion in Portugal.
Resumo:
Neste breve texto da comunicação apresentada na Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, a 11 de Julho de 2008, no âmbito do I Ciclo Internacional de Palestras promovido pela APECMA – Associação Portuguesa para o Estudo e Conservação do Mosaico Antigo e IHA, Instituto de História da Arte, UNL, versamos sobre a ideografia das águas em mosaicos elaborados no espaço do actual território português (correspondente a parte das Províncias romanas da Lusitânia e da Galécia) e destacamos as dimensões decorativas e simbólicas que os motivos ictiográficos assumem nos conjuntos mais significativos.
Resumo:
Realizou-se um inquérito malacológico em criadouros, permanentes e temporários, no bairro de Piedade, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, entre novembro de 2006 e novembro de 2007 com o objetivo de conhecer a fauna malacológica dessa localidade, bem como o potencial de transmissão da esquistossomose mansoni. Além de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), foram coletados moluscos Drepanotrema cimex (Moricand, 1837), Pomacea sp e Melanoides tuberculatus (Muller, 1774). Do total de Biomphalaria glabrata coletado, 1.490 exemplares encontraram-se vivos, sendo que 74 (5%) estavam positivos para Schistosoma mansoni. O maior número de moluscos capturados e todos aqueles positivos para Schistosoma mansoni foram coletados na estação anual das chuvas. Foi observada também a presença de outras larvas de trematódeos infectando os moluscos Biomphalaria glabrata. Pertencentes às famílias Strigeidae e Diplostomatidae, apresentam, a primeira vista, morfologia que pode levar a confusão com as cercárias do Schistosoma mansoni, tornando-se indispensável seu conhecimento para o diagnóstico diferencial do agente causador da esquistossomose.
Resumo:
Actas do XIX encontro da Associação Portuguesa de Estudos Anglo-Americanos - APEAA (Sintra 1-3 de Abril, 1998)
Resumo:
INTRODUCTION: Dengue is a serious public health problem worldwide, with cases reported annually in tropical and subtropical regions. Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), the main vector of dengue, is a domiciliary species with high dispersal and survival capacities and can use various artificial containers as breeding sites. We assessed potential container breeding sites of A. aegypti in the municipality of Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: In the initial phase, we analyzed 900 properties in 3 neighborhoods during the dry and rainy seasons (August-October 2005 and February-April 2006, respectively). During the second sampling period, September 2006-August 2007, we used 5 assessment cycles for 300 properties in a single neighborhood. RESULTS: During the dry and rainy seasons, water-storage containers comprised 55.7% (n = 1,970) and 48.5% (n = 1,836) of the total containers inspected, and showed the highest productivity of immature A. aegypti; we found 23.7 and 106.1 individuals/container, respectively, in peridomicile sites. In intradomicile sites, water-storage containers were also the most important breeding sites with 86.4% (n = 973) and 85.6% (n = 900) of all containers and a mean of 7.9 and 108.3 individuals/container in the dry and rainy seaso-October 2006 (1,342). The highest number of positives (70) was recorded in May, mostly (94%) in storage containers. CONCLUSIONS: Storage containers are the principal and most productive A. aegypti breeding sites and are a major contributing factor to the maintenance of this vector in Caxias.
Resumo:
Tomando como ponto de partida a célebre confissão do Bispo Hurd em Letters on Chivalry and Romance (1762), o nosso texto procurará reflectir, enquadrando-os culturalmente, sobre os processos de (re)descoberta, reavaliação e revalorização setecentistas da literatura medieval, mercê das histórias literárias pioneiras de Hugh Blair (1718-1800), Thomas Warton (1728-1790) e do próprio Richard Hurd (1720-1808).
Resumo:
Introduction Leprosy is a chronic disease that affects skin and peripheral nerves. Disease complications include reactional episodes and physical impairment. One World Health Organization (WHO) goal of leprosy programs is to decrease the number of grade 2 impairment diagnoses by 2015. This study aims to evaluate clinical factors associated with the occurrence of leprosy reactions and physical impairment in leprosy patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of data from medical records of patients followed in two important centers for the treatment of leprosy in Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, from 2005 to 2011. We used the chi-square test to analyze associations between the following categorical variables: gender, age, operational classification, clinical forms, leprosy reactions, corticosteroid treatment, and physical impairment at the diagnosis and after cure. Clinical variables associated with multibacillary leprosy and/or reactional episodes and the presence of any grade of physical impairment after cure were evaluated using the logistic regression model. Results We found that men were more affected by multibacillary forms, reactional episodes, and grade 2 physical impairment at diagnosis. Leprosy reactions were detected in a total of 40% of patients and all were treated with corticosteroids. However, physical impairment was observed in 29.8% of the patients analyzed at the end of the treatment and our multivariate analysis associated a low dose and short period of corticosteroid treatment with persistence of physical impairments. Conclusions Physical impairment should receive an increased attention before and after treatment, and adequate treatment should be emphasized.
Resumo:
Henrique, ou Jacob, de Castro Sarmento (1691-1762), médico judeu, nascido em Bragança e exilado em Inglaterra a partir de 1721, devido às perseguições da Inquisição aos cristãos-novos, é considerado como o introdutor das ideias de Isaac Newton (1662-1727) em Portugal e um dos principais responsáveis pela disseminação da iatroquímica entre os médicos portugueses, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da medicina e ciência portuguesas do século XVIII. Eleito para sócio da Royal Society em 1730, o médico português tornou-se o principal interlocutor científico entre Portugal e Inglaterra, sendo a sua actividade exemplar do modo como ocorreram as trocas de conhecimento entre o centro da Europa e a sua periferia. Autor de diversas obras médicas, Sarmento abordou algumas das temáticas médicas mais relevantes do século das luzes, como a inoculação das bexigas ou a utilização terapêutica das águas minerais, veiculando uma nova forma de encarar a prática médica. A sua obra Theorica Verdadeira das Mares, editada em 1737, foi a primeira publicada em Portugal onde as ideias de Newton são consideradas com o devido detalhe. Paradoxalmente, Sarmento foi também produtor de medicamentos de segredo, tendo a sua Água de Inglaterra alcançado um sucesso significativo em Portugal. Figura polémica e multifacetada, Sarmento dedicou uma parte considerável da sua vida à divulgação e disseminação das ideias dos autores modernos, dos quais se destacam Boyle, Newton e Boerhaave. O presente trabalho tem como principal objectivo elucidar os principais aspectos da sua vida e obra, procurando enquadrar as suas actividades no contexto da medicina e ciência europeias de setecentos.