Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

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Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

3

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

5

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

4

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

2

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

7

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

8

Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ / a C.J. Schoenherr ; species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a L. Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman entomologis aliis illustratæ.

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Admittance Control for Robotic Loading: Design and Experiments with a 1-Tonne Loader and a 14-Tonne LHD

This paper describes the design, tuning, and extensive field testing of an admittance-based Autonomous Loading Controller (ALC) for robotic excavation. Several iterations of the ALC were tuned and tested in fragmented rock piles—similar to those found in operating mines—by using both a robotic 1-tonne capacity Kubota R520S diesel-hydraulic surface loader and a 14-tonne capacity Atlas Copco ST14 underground load-haul-dump (LHD) machine. On the R520S loader, the ALC increased payload by 18 % with greater consistency, although with more energy expended and longer dig times when compared with digging at maximum actuator velocity. On the ST14 LHD, the ALC took 61 % less time to load 39 % more payload when compared to a single manual operator. The manual operator made 28 dig attempts by using three different digging strategies, and had one failed dig. The tuned ALC made 26 dig attempts at 10 and 11 MN target force levels. All 10 11 MN digs succeeded while 6 of the 16 10 MN digs failed. The results presented in this paper suggest that the admittance-based ALC is more productive and consistent than manual operators, but that care should be taken when detecting entry into the muck pile

Land, Labour and Capital Markets in European Agriculture: Diversity under a Common Policy. CEPS Paperback. October 2013

Well-functioning factor markets are an essential condition for the competitiveness and sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. At the same time, the functioning of the factor markets themselves is influenced by changes in agriculture and the rural economy. Such changes can be the result of progress in technology, globalisation and European market integration, changing consumer preferences and shifts in policy. Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) over the last decade have particularly affected the rural factor markets. This book analyses the functioning of factor markets for agriculture in the EU-27 and several candidate countries. Written by leading academics and policy analysts from various European countries, these chapters compare the different markets, their institutional framework, their impact on agricultural development and structural change, and their interaction with the CAP. As the first comparative study to cover rural factor markets in Europe, highlighting their diversity − despite the Common Agricultural Policy and an integrated single market − Land, Labour & Capital Markets in European Agriculture provides a timely and valuable source of information at a time of further CAP reform and the continuing transformation of the EU's rural areas.

Agricultural Credit Market Institutions: A Comparison of Selected European Countries. Factor Markets Working Paper No. 33, January 2013

This paper describes and compares the institutional framework of the agricultural credit markets in selected European countries. The institutions can be both formal (rules, regulations, authorities and actors) and informal (norms, values and relations). They also interact and in situations where the formal institutions are weak, the informal ones increase in importance. The study is based on a questionnaire sent to agricultural financial experts in selected countries. The case studies show that credit regulations are typically general, with no specific regulations for the agricultural credit market. On the other hand, several countries support agricultural credit in various forms, implying that the governments do not perceive the general credit market to function in the case of agricultural firms. In a risk assessment, the most frequent reasons for rejecting a loan application are all linked to economic performance and the situation of the farmer. Personal characteristics, such as educational level or lack of experience, were generally perceived as less influential. Another interesting point when it comes to risk assessment is that in some countries the importance of asset-based lending compared with cash flow-based lending seems to differ when concerning a first-time applicant and when there is an application to extend a loan. To get an idea of the availability of credit, the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio was calculated, and it showed remarkably low values for Poland and Slovakia. For all the countries, the calculated value was lower than what the financial experts would have expected. This might imply credit rationing in agriculture in some of the countries studied. The financial experts all judged the possibility of an agricultural firm obtaining a loan as higher than that for other small rural firms, implying that the latter are also credit-rationed.