The oral history network in the Nordic and Baltic context

Teemanumero

Oxygen-isotope thermometry of quartz-calcite veins - Unraveling the thermal-tectonic history of the subgreenschist facies Morcles nappe (Swiss Alps)

Combined structural analysis and oxygen isotope thermometry of syntectonic quartz-calcite fibrous veins can be used to correlate the thermal history of deformed rocks,vith specific structural and tectonic events. Results are presented for the Mercies nappe in the western Helvetic Alps, Switzerland, where mineral parageneses, illite `'crystallinity,'' and fluid inclusion chemistry record an apparent peak metamorphic temperature gradient that increased across the Morcles nappe from anchizonal conditions in the foreland to epizonal conditions in its hinterland root zone. Twenty-seven quartz-calcite veins were analyzed in this study in order to determine the temperatures of veining during formation and deformation of the nappe, Peak metamorphic temperatures ranged from approximate to 260 to 290 degrees C in the shallower, foreland localities and to approximate to 330 to 350 degrees C in the deeper, more hinterland localities at the end of S1-foliation formation, related to large-scale folding. Temperatures gradually decreased throughout the nappe during subsequent development of the S2 foliation and S3 crenulation cleavage, Uplift and erosion of the overlying nappe pile resulted in slow cooling of the Morcles nappe during the waning stages of the Alpine Orogeny. The dominant foliation-forming deformation of the Morcles nappe occurred at elevated temperatures over the course of 10 to 15 Ma. Combined structure-oxygen isotope analyses of quartz-calcite veins yield better temperature and temporal constraints on the thermal histories of subgreenschist vein-bearing tectonites than do other geothermometers.

Within and beyond oral history in Russia

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Patients' sibling history was sensitive for hypertension and specific for diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the analytic validity of reported family history of hypertension and diabetes among siblings in the Seychelles. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Four hundred four siblings from 73 families with at least two hypertensive persons were identified through a national hypertension register. Two gold standards were used prospectively. Sensitivity was the proportion of respondents who indicated the presence of disease in a sibling, given that the sibling reported to be affected (personal history gold standard) or was clinically affected (clinical status gold standard). Specificity was the proportion of respondents who reported an unaffected sibling, given that the sibling reported to be unaffected or was clinically unaffected. Respondents gave information on the disease status in their siblings in approximately two-thirds of instances. RESULTS: When sibling history could be obtained (n=348 for hypertension, n=404 for diabetes), the sensitivity and the specificity of the sibling history were, respectively, 90 and 55% for hypertension, and 61 and 98% for diabetes, using clinical status and, respectively, 89 and 78% for hypertension, and 53 and 98% for diabetes, using personal history. CONCLUSION: The sibling history, when available, is a useful screening test to detect hypertension, but it is less useful to detect diabetes.

National oral history - Time of change project

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Oral history and life stories as a research area in Estonian history, folkloristics and ethnology

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History of cholelithiasis and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies.

Background We analyzed the relationship between cholelithiasis and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies conducted in Italy and Switzerland in 1982-2009. Methods The analyses included 1997 oropharyngeal, 917 esophageal, 999 gastric, 23 small intestinal, 3726 colorectal, 684 liver, 688 pancreatic, 1240 laryngeal, 6447 breast, 1458 endometrial, 2002 ovarian, 1582 prostate, 1125 renal cell, 741 bladder cancers, and 21 284 controls. The odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by multiple logistic regression models. Results The ORs for subjects with history of cholelithiasis compared with those without were significantly elevated for small intestinal (OR = 3.96), prostate (OR = 1.36), and kidney cancers (OR = 1.57). These positive associations were observed ≥10 years after diagnosis of cholelithiasis and were consistent across strata of age, sex, and body mass index. No relation was found with the other selected cancers. A meta-analysis including this and three other studies on the relation of cholelithiasis with small intestinal cancer gave a pooled relative risk of 2.35 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.82-3.03]. Conclusion In subjects with cholelithiasis, we showed an appreciably increased risk of small intestinal cancer and suggested a moderate increased risk of prostate and kidney cancers. We found no material association with the other cancers considered.