An die Urwähler des 60. Stadt-Bezirks! Welche traurigen Folgen eine unglückliche Wahl von Volksvertretern nach sich ziehen kann ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Die bevorstehenden Wahlen sollen Ruhe, Ordnung und Gesetzmäßigkeit zeitigen; das Gleichgewicht zwischen Volk und Regierung nicht durch Übergriffe gestört werden. Daher sollen nur solche Wahlmänner gewählt werden, die für eine konstitutionelle Monarchie und die oktroyierte Verfassung eintreten.

Wahlprogramm: Die unterzeichneten Urwähler des 60. Bezirks, durchdrungen von der hohen Wichtichkeit der bevorstehenden Wahlen ...

Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Wahlprogramm von fünf Urwählern des sechzigsten Berliner Bezirks: die Verfassung vom 5. Dezember 1848 wird nicht in Frage gestellt, ist aber nur ein Entwurf, der der Weiterentwicklung bedarf. Mängel sind: die fehlende Diätenregelung ermöglicht faktisch nur Reichen die Mitgliedschaft in der ersten Kammer, das Ministerium kann bei Abwesenheit der Kammern Verordnungen mit Gesetzeskraft erlassen, das Steuerbewilligungsrecht der Kammern ist massiv eingeschränkt, Artikel 110 stellt wesentliche Grundrechte (Freiheit der Person, Unverletzlichkeit der Wohnung, Presse- und Vereinigungsfreiheit) zur Disposition. Ablehnung der beiden Extreme des Scheinkonstitutionalismus und der Anarchie.

Post-remission treatment with allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukaemia: a time-dependent analysis

BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukaemia mainly affects elderly people, with a median age at diagnosis of around 70 years. Although about 50-60% of patients enter first complete remission upon intensive induction chemotherapy, relapse remains high and overall outcomes are disappointing. Therefore, effective post-remission therapy is urgently needed. Although often no post-remission therapy is given to elderly patients, it might include chemotherapy or allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) following reduced-intensity conditioning. We aimed to assess the comparative value of allogeneic HSCT with other approaches, including no post-remission therapy, in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia aged 60 years and older. METHODS For this time-dependent analysis, we used the results from four successive prospective HOVON-SAKK acute myeloid leukaemia trials. Between May 3, 2001, and Feb 5, 2010, a total of 1155 patients aged 60 years and older were entered into these trials, of whom 640 obtained a first complete remission after induction chemotherapy and were included in the analysis. Post-remission therapy consisted of allogeneic HSCT following reduced-intensity conditioning (n=97), gemtuzumab ozogamicin (n=110), chemotherapy (n=44), autologous HSCT (n=23), or no further treatment (n=366). Reduced-intensity conditioning regimens consisted of fludarabine combined with 2 Gy of total body irradiation (n=71), fludarabine with busulfan (n=10), or other regimens (n=16). A time-dependent analysis was done, in which allogeneic HSCT was compared with other types of post-remission therapy. The primary endpoint of the study was 5-year overall survival for all treatment groups, analysed by a time-dependent analysis. FINDINGS 5-year overall survival was 35% (95% CI 25-44) for patients who received an allogeneic HSCT, 21% (17-26) for those who received no additional post-remission therapy, and 26% (19-33) for patients who received either additional chemotherapy or autologous HSCT. Overall survival at 5 years was strongly affected by the European LeukemiaNET acute myeloid leukaemia risk score, with patients in the favourable risk group (n=65) having better 5-year overall survival (56% [95% CI 43-67]) than those with intermediate-risk (n=131; 23% [19-27]) or adverse-risk (n=444; 13% [8-20]) acute myeloid leukaemia. Multivariable analysis with allogeneic HSCT as a time-dependent variable showed that allogeneic HSCT was associated with better 5-year overall survival (HR 0·71 [95% CI 0·53-0·95], p=0·017) compared with non-allogeneic HSCT post-remission therapies or no post-remission therapy, especially in patients with intermediate-risk (0·82 [0·58-1·15]) or adverse-risk (0.39 [0·21-0·73]) acute myeloid leukaemia. INTERPRETATION Collectively, the results from these four trials suggest that allogeneic HSCT might be the preferred treatment approach in patients 60 years of age and older with intermediate-risk and adverse-risk acute myeloid leukaemia in first complete remission, but the comparative value should ideally be shown in a prospective randomised study. FUNDING None.

Redistribution of cobalt and nickel in detached wheat shoots: effects of steam-girdling and of cobalt and nickel supply

Detached wheat shoots (ear with peduncle and flag leaf) were incubated for 4 d in a solution containing 1 mM RbCl and 1 mM SrCl2 as well as 10, 40 or 160 µM NiCl2 and CoCl2. The phloem of some plants was interrupted by steam-girdling the stem below the ear to distinguish between xylem and phloem transport. The phloem-immobile Sr flowed mainly to the leaf lamina and to the glumes via the xylem. The Sr transport was not sensitive to steam-girdling. In contrast, the phloem-mobile Rb accumulated during the incubation time mainly in the stem and the leaf sheath. The Rb transport to the grains was impaired by steam-girdling as well as by elevated Ni and Co concentrations in the incubation solution indicating that Rb was transported via the phloem to the maturing grains and that this transport was affected by the heavy metals. Ni was removed more efficiently from the xylem in the peduncle than Co (but far less efficiently than Rb). It became evident that the two heavy metals can also be transferred from the xylem to the phloem in the stem of wheat and reach the maturing grains via the phloem.

Long-distance transport of cobalt and nickel in maturing wheat

Cobalt, nickel and strontium were introduced via flaps into leaf laminas or into the stem of maturing, intact winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. `Arina') grown under natural conditions in a field. Long-distance transport of these elements and the influence of the application date and of different application positions were investigated. The dry-matter accumulation in the grains was not markedly affected by the treatments as compared to untreated control plants. The phloem-immobile strontium served as a marker for the distribution of the xylem sap in the plants. After foliar application, nickel accumulated more rapidly and in higher quantities in the grains than cobalt. Therefore, nickel has a slightly better phloem mobility than cobalt. Regardless of the application date, a higher percentage of the two elements was transported from the flag leaf lamina than from the second or third lamina from the top to the grains. These results indicate that the leaf position is highly relevant for the transfer of the heavy metals investigated to the ear. Introduction into the stem led to a higher accumulation of nickel and cobalt in the grains than introduction into one of the leaves. An earlier feeding date caused a higher accumulation of nickel and cobalt in the grains when introduced into the stem. In contrast, no major differences between earlier and later feeding dates were detected when the elements were introduced into the leaves. Losses of the applied elements were detected during maturation and can be explained by leakage in the rain.

Persische Briefe : 60. Brief

Montesquieu

Martin Philippson : zum 60. Geburtstage, 27. Juni 1906

Max Eschelbacher

Gustav Karpeles : zu seinem 60. Geburtstage am 11. November 1908

Josef Lin

Dr. Simon Bernfeld : (zu seinem 60. Geburtstage)

Josef Meisl

Lesser Ury zum 60. Geburtstag : (7. November 1921)

Karl Schwarz

Jeanette Wohl : zu ihrem 60. Todestage, 27. November 1921

Selma Stern

Dr. Alfred Neumeyer zum 60. Geburtstag

E. S.

Dr. Max Freudenthal zu seinem 60. Geburtstag

Max Bernheimer

Emanuel Lasker zu seinem 60. Geburtstag am 24. Dezember 1928

S.

Der Dichter von "Jettchen Gebert" : Georg Hermann zum 60. Geburtstag (geb. 7. Oktober 1871)

Arthur Galliner