Llegint Cinema. Anàlisi de la representació de la malaltia mental en el setè art

El present treball és un estudi sobre l'estigma social en la malaltia mental i la representació d'aquest al cinema. Aquesta anàlisi s'ha portat a terme a partir de dues línies de treball. Per una banda amb l'anàlisi interpretativa de dotze pel·lícules utilitzant els indicadors de 'perillositat'; 'incapacitat per a la vida'; 'incurabilitat'; 'pèrdua de rols socials'; 'por al rebuig i/o por a les relacions socials'; i per l'altra banda a partir d'un grup de discussió, en el qual s'han visionat fragments de cinc pel·lícules amb set estudiants del Grau d'Educació Social de la Universitat de Vic. Dels resultats obtinguts es desprèn que la pel·lícula és un mitjà de comunicació mitjançant el qual els estereotips són usats en favor de l'espectacle, estigmatitzant així les persones diagnosticades de malaltia mental. Aquest és un dels motius que fan valorar el cinema com un recurs educatiu a considerar tant en la formació d'educadors i educadores socials com en els projectes d'intervenció socioeducativa.

Areas of high conservation value in Georgia: present and future threats by invasive alien plants

Georgia is known for its extraordinary rich biodiversity of plants, which may now be threatened due to the spread of invasive alien plants (IAP). We aimed to identify (i) the most prominent IAP out of 9 selected potentially invasive and harmful IAP IAP by predicting thetheir distribution of 9 selected IAP under current and future climate conditions in Georgia as well as in its 43 Protected Areas, as a proxy for areas of high conservation value and (ii) the Protected Areas most at risk due to these IAP. We used species distribution models based on 6 climate variables and then filtered the obtained distributions based on maps of soil and vegetation types, and on recorded occurrences, resulting into the predicted ecological distribution of the 9 IAP's at a resolution of 1km2. We foundOur habitat suitability analysis showed that Ambrosia artemisiifolia, (24% and 40%) Robinia pseudoacaia (14% and 19%) and Ailanthus altissima (9% and 11%) have the largest potential distribution are the most abundant (predicted % area covered)d) IAP, with Ailanthus altissima the potentially most increasing one over the next fifty years (from 9% to 13% and from 11% to 25%), for Georgia and the Protected Areas, respectively. Furthermore, our results show indicate two areas in Georgia that are under specifically high threat, i.e. the area around Tbilisi and an area in the western part of Georgia (Adjara), both at lower altitudes. Our procedure to identify areas of high conservation value most at risk by IAP has been applied for the first time. It will help national authorities in prioritizing their measures to protect Georgia's outstanding biodiversity from the negative impact of IAP.

How diverse is Cologne Carnival? How migrants appropriate popular art spaces

The present article contributes to the ongoing academic debate on migrants' appropriation of artistic and political spaces in Germany. Cologne, one of the largest cities in Germany, is an interesting example of the tension between political discourse centred around multiculturalism and cultural segregation processes. The 'no fool is illegal' carnival organised by asylum seekers shows their capacity to act, as they reinvent an old local tradition by reinterpreting medieval rituals. Today, different groups and associations appropriate this festive art space: migrants, gays and lesbians, feminists and far-left groups either organise their own parties or take part in the official parties and parades as separate groups. As a result, the celebration of diversity figures on the local political agenda and becomes part of the official carnival festivities. This leads to a blurring of boundaries, whereby mainstream popular culture becomes more and more influenced by multicultural elements.

De ratones y hombres. Maus, de Art Spiegelman

This article analyses the cómic book Maus, by Art Spiegelman (1986-1991), from two angles: as a work of art dealing with the Holocaust, and as a cómic that subverts the fictional tradition of the genre, opening itself up to history and the narration of reality. Maus, the first cómic book to treat the topic of the Holocaust in depth, was written by a second-generation witness. It is a story of both physical survival and enduring trauma in the family. At the same time, an analysis of the stratevival and enduring trauma in the family. At the same time, an analysis of the strateof the traditional cómic reveals how Spiegelman has used the genre to recount, instead of fiction and for the first time, a historically authentic biographical tale

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in oncology: state of the art

In the investigation of tumors with conventional magnetic resonance imaging, both quantitative characteristics, such as size, edema, necrosis, and presence of metastases, and qualitative characteristics, such as contrast enhancement degree, are taken into consideration. However, changes in cell metabolism and tissue physiology which precede morphological changes cannot be detected by the conventional technique. The development of new magnetic resonance imaging techniques has enabled the functional assessment of the structures in order to obtain information on the different physiological processes of the tumor microenvironment, such as oxygenation levels, cellularity and vascularity. The detailed morphological study in association with the new functional imaging techniques allows for an appropriate approach to cancer patients, including the phases of diagnosis, staging, response evaluation and follow-up, with a positive impact on their quality of life and survival rate.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the chest in the evaluation of cancer patients: state of the art

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has several advantages in the evaluation of cancer patients with thoracic lesions, including involvement of the chest wall, pleura, lungs, mediastinum, esophagus and heart. It is a quite useful tool in the diagnosis, staging, surgical planning, treatment response evaluation and follow-up of these patients. In the present review, the authors contextualize the relevance of MRI in the evaluation of thoracic lesions in cancer patients. Considering that MRI is a widely available method with high contrast and spatial resolution and without the risks associated with the use of ionizing radiation, its use combined with new techniques such as cine-MRI and functional methods such as perfusion- and diffusion-weighted imaging may be useful as an alternative tool with performance comparable or complementary to conventional radiological methods such as radiography, computed tomography and PET/CT imaging in the evaluation of patients with thoracic neoplasias.

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in children: state of the art

Whole-body imaging in children was classically performed with radiography, positron-emission tomography, either combined or not with computed tomography, the latter with the disadvantage of exposure to ionizing radiation. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in association with the recently developed metabolic and functional techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging, has brought the advantage of a comprehensive evaluation of pediatric patients without the risks inherent to ionizing radiation usually present in other conventional imaging methods. It is a rapid and sensitive method, particularly in pediatrics, for detecting and monitoring multifocal lesions in the body as a whole. In pediatrics, it is utilized for both oncologic and non-oncologic indications such as screening and diagnosis of tumors in patients with genetic syndromes, evaluation of disease extent and staging, evaluation of therapeutic response and post-therapy follow-up, evaluation of non neoplastic diseases such as multifocal osteomyelitis, vascular malformations and syndromes affecting multiple regions of the body. The present review was aimed at describing the major indications of whole-body MRI in pediatrics added of technical considerations.

Frontals d'altar medievals: marques d'eines a la fusta i tecnologia de construcció del suport

Els frontals d'altar medievals conservats a Catalunya i a la Catalunya Nord presenten unes similituds en els seus suports de fusta que permeten agrupar- los entre el ls segons els seus modelsconstructius.Per altra banda també permeten arribar a concebre com es van construir les diferents parts que els composen i amb quines eines es va treballar la fusta .L'estudi presentat es centra concretament en les marques de les eines de fuster que han quedat gravades als suports ¡ que ens permeten saber de quines eines es tractava, com s'utilitzaven ¡quinsistema es va seguir per la construcció d'aquestes estructures.Històricament no s'ha donat gens de valor als suports de fusta d'aquestes peces en comparació amb la seva capa pictòrica i, per aquest motiu, s'han portat a terme mutilacions del suport o reparacionsestructurals que no han tingut en compte la conservació dels seus elements originals. Les marques d'eina sovint han passat desapercebudes i en molts casos s'han malmès o bé s'han eliminat degut ales intervencions poc respectuoses que s'han fet al llarg del segle XX.L'objectiu de la recerca que s'està portant a terme és identificar les marques a la fusta original delssuports i poder relacionar-les amb les eines que es van utilitzar en el seu moment i fer un inventaride les marques per poder utilitzar-lo en estudis posteriors.Aquest treball s'ha desenvolupat dins la línia d'investigació del Grup de Recerca ConsolidatConservació-Restauració del Patrimoni 2014-16 - SGR 459G de la Facultat de Belles Arts, Universitatde Barcelona, anomenada Estudi tecnològic dels suports de béns culturals: materials i tècniques de producció.

La conservació-restauració en el préstec de Béns Culturals per a exposicions temporals. Recursos per sistematitzar la documentació i garantir les millors condicions per als Béns Culturals en trànsit

Com a resultat de les práctiques realitzades al Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya (MNAC), entrenovembre de 2010 i febrer de 2011, emmarcades dins del Practicum del Màster de Direcció de Projectes de Conservació Restauració (Facultat de Belles Arts, Universitat Barcelona) vaig entraren contacte amb l'activitat del préstec d'obres d'art per a exposicions temporals. L'interès que em va suscitar, juntament amb el desconeixement que tenia en la matèria, em van portar a dedicarel Treball Final de Master a la recerca deis diferents aspectes que envolten el préstec de Béns Culturals en exposicions temporals, començant per una visió més global i acabant de centrar laproposta en l'àmbit de la conservació-restauració (i especialment en l'activitat documental que requereix).El treball pretén demostrar que la sistematització d'aquesta documentació és una eina bàsica per a un bon desenvolupament del procés de préstec, i ho fa fixant-se especialment en la documentació que depen de l'Àrea de Conservació-Restauració que, al cap i a la fi, és la documentació que hade permetre neutralitzar els riscos que pot comportar el préstec per a la integritat de les obres en trànsit...

Vulnerability of stream biota to climate change in mediterranean climate regions: a synthesis of ecological responses and conservation challenges

Freshwater species worldwide are experiencing dramatic declines partly attributable to ongoing climate change. It is expected that the future effects of climate change could be particularly severe in mediterranean climate (med-) regions, which host many endemic species already under great stress from the high level of human development. In this article, we review the climate and climate-induced changes in streams of med-regions and the responses of stream biota, focusing on both observed and anticipated ecological responses. We also discuss current knowledge gaps and conservation challenges. Expected climate alterations have already been observed in the last decades, and include: increased annual average air temperatures; decreased annual average precipitation; hydrologic alterations; and an increase in frequency, intensity and duration of extreme events, such as floods, droughts and fires. Recent observations, which are concordant with forecasts built, show stream biota of med-regions when facing climate changes tend to be displaced towards higher elevations and upper latitudes, communities tend to change their composition and homogenize, while some life-history traits seem to provide biota with resilience and resistance to adapt to the new conditions (as being short-lived, small, and resistant to low streamflow and desiccation). Nevertheless, such responses may be insufficient to cope with current and future environmental changes. Accurate forecasts of biotic changes and possible adaptations are difficult to obtain in med-regions mainly because of the difficulty of distinguishing disturbances due to natural variability from the effects of climate change, particularly regarding hydrology. Long-term studies are needed to disentangle such variability and improve knowledge regarding the ecological responses and the detection of early warning signals to climate change. Investments should focus on taxa beyond fish and macroinvertebrates, and in covering the less studied regions of Chile and South Africa. Scientists, policy makers and water managers must be involved in the climate change dialogue because the freshwater conservation concerns are huge.

Freshwater biodiversity and conservation in mediterranean climate streams of Chile.

In Chile, mediterranean climate conditions only occur in the Central Zone (ChMZ). Despite its small area, this mediterranean climate region (med-region) has been recognised as a hotspot for biodiversity. However, in contrast to the rivers of other med-regions, the rivers in the ChMZ have been studied infrequently, and knowledge of their freshwater biodiversity is scarce and fragmented. We gathered information on the freshwater biodiversity of ChMZ, and present a review of the current knowledge of the principal floral and faunal groups. Existing knowledge indicates that the ChMZ has high levels of endemism, with many primitive species being of Gondwanan origin. Although detailed information is available on most floral groups, most faunal groups remain poorly known. In addition, numerous rivers in the ChMZ remain completely unexplored. Taxonomic specialists are scarce, and the information available on freshwater biodiversity has resulted from studies with objectives that did not directly address biodiversity issues. Research funding in this med-region has a strong applied character and is not focused on the knowledge of natural systems and their biodiversity. Species conservation policies are urgently required in this highly diverse med-region, which is also the most severely impacted and most populated region of the country.

Frontals d'altar medievals: marques d'eines a la fusta i tecnologia de construcció del suport

Els frontals d'altar medievals conservats a Catalunya i a la Catalunya Nord presenten unes similituds en els seus suports de fusta que permeten agrupar- los entre el ls segons els seus modelsconstructius.Per altra banda també permeten arribar a concebre com es van construir les diferents parts que els composen i amb quines eines es va treballar la fusta .L'estudi presentat es centra concretament en les marques de les eines de fuster que han quedat gravades als suports ¡ que ens permeten saber de quines eines es tractava, com s'utilitzaven ¡quinsistema es va seguir per la construcció d'aquestes estructures.Històricament no s'ha donat gens de valor als suports de fusta d'aquestes peces en comparació amb la seva capa pictòrica i, per aquest motiu, s'han portat a terme mutilacions del suport o reparacionsestructurals que no han tingut en compte la conservació dels seus elements originals. Les marques d'eina sovint han passat desapercebudes i en molts casos s'han malmès o bé s'han eliminat degut ales intervencions poc respectuoses que s'han fet al llarg del segle XX.L'objectiu de la recerca que s'està portant a terme és identificar les marques a la fusta original delssuports i poder relacionar-les amb les eines que es van utilitzar en el seu moment i fer un inventaride les marques per poder utilitzar-lo en estudis posteriors.Aquest treball s'ha desenvolupat dins la línia d'investigació del Grup de Recerca ConsolidatConservació-Restauració del Patrimoni 2014-16 - SGR 459G de la Facultat de Belles Arts, Universitatde Barcelona, anomenada Estudi tecnològic dels suports de béns culturals: materials i tècniques de producció.