Els Senadors republicans catalans durant la monarquía d’Alfons XIII (1903-1923)

Si bé durant el primer quart del segle XX la presència de republicans en el Senat fou sempre escassa, l'autor ha comptabilitzat, entre 1903 i 1923, 31 actes de republicans en el conjunt d'Espanya, 16 de les quals corresponen a senadors catalans. Durant aquest perí­ode, Catalunya fou el baluard més potent del republicanisme a Espanya.

Estudos citológicos e citoquímicos em Stenophoridae crawley, 1903 (Eugregarinidae, Protozoa): I - microscopia óptica e citoquímica do núcleo

Neste trabalho os autores apresentam uma revisão da morfologia das gregarinas do gênero Stenophora Labbé, 1899, baseada principalmente em S. juli (Frantzius, 1848) Labbé, 1899. Caracterizam citoquìmicamente os elementos da estrutura nuclear, ficando evidenciado que o corpúsculo nuclear referido por muitos como um cariossomo apresenta reações positivas para o RNA, sendo portanto um nucléolo. O suco nuclear apresenta reações para o DNA pouco intensas, devido as granulações de cromatina se apresentarem muito finas. Fazem referências também à estrutura do nucléolo, que varia com as técnicas empregadas e salientam a necessidade de comparação dêstes resultados com aquêles obtidos com o auxílio da microscopia eletrônica e que são tratados no segundo trabalho desta série.

Estudos citológicos e citoquímicos em Stenophoridae Crawley, 1903 (Eugregarinidae, Protozoa) II - ultra-estrutura

1 - Indivíduos de Stenophora juli (Frantzius, 1848) Labbé, 1899, parasitos de um Diplopoda, Rhinochricus padbergi Schubart. 1930 foram examinados em microscópia óptica e eletrônica. 2 - Os resultados do estudo citoquímico confirmam os dados obtidos por outros autores em outras espécies de gregarinas. 3 - Quanto à estrutura fina da morfologia celular foi examinada detalhadamente a película a qual apresenta cristas longitudinais de forma e estrutura complexas. 4 - No sulcos da película, entre as cristas, foram encontrados poros na membrana, por onde é realizada a secreção de muco. 5 - Aderente à película, pròpriamente dita foi encontrada, no deutomerito, uma camada homogênea de natureza desconhecida, abaixo da qual encontra-se o mionema. 6 - O septo que separa o proto do deutomerito é constituído por espêssa camada de mionemas incluindo numerosas mitocôndrias. 7 - O endoplasma é extremamente rico em granulações de paraglicogênio, aparecendo em menor quantidade os lipídeos. Observamos também mitocôndrias, retículo endoplasmático e o complexo de Golgi.

Serological studies on an outbreak of smallpox in the State of Bahia - Brazil in 1969

Four weeks after Containment Vaccination undertaken against the largest outbreak of smallpox occured in Brazil in 1969, that of the municipality of Utinga, Bahia, 99 samples of serum were collected from the local population. These samples were classified in four groups: a) - Individuals with a history of variola prior to the beginning of present outbreak in town (15 sera); "Previous smallpox group"; b) - Individuals with primary vaccination, with no record variola, at the time of containment measures (15 sera). "Primary vaccinated group"; c) - Individuals with no previous record of variola revaccinated with "take" at the time of containment (15 sera0, "Revaccinated group"; d) - Individuals who contracted variola in present outbreak (54 sera) these were subdivided in four sub-groups, according to dates on which cases ocurred, "Variola in outbreak group". Serological study of samples was done by tests of hemagglutination inhibition, neutralization, and complement fixation. It was observed that HI titers were significantly lower in cases of previous smallpox than in other groups. Although they were slightly higher on revaccinated individuals than on primary vaccinated group and than in the group of variola in outbreak, this difference was not significant. Those same antibodies were present in all cases of variola in outbreak, and it was found that titers decreased in direct proportion to time elapsed from occurrence of cases. Neutralizing antibodies proved to be significantly higher on the revaccinated group than on variola in outbreak group, and higher on these than on primary vaccinated and on the previous smallpox groups. In cases from the variola in outbreak it was verified that neutralizing antibodies remained stable, although with great variation in titers. Tests of complement fixation could not be undertaken on all samples, because many of them proved to have anticomplementarity. However, it was found that complement fixing antibodies diminished rapidly, becoming negative for earlier infections. Finally, the authors suggest that there would be some evidence that HI titers are lower in variola minor under Brazilian conditions than in variola major.

Gorgorhynchus Trachinotus n.sp. and new host records for Dollfusentis Chandleri Golvan, 1969 (Paleacanthocephala, Echinorhynchoidea)

Gorgorhynchus trachinotus recovered from the intestine of trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann, 1896 is proposed as a new species and three new host records are reported for Dollfusentis chandleri Golvan, 1969.

Please die during office hours : periodicity of cardiovascular events in switzerland between 1969 and 2007

Purpose: to evaluate and compare the periodical patterns of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD), including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke in the Swiss population between the years 1969 and 2007.¦Methods: Swiss mortality database for the period of 1969- 2007 (2'362'430 deaths overall). The number of deaths due to CVD, AMI and stroke according to the time of day, day of the week and month were assessed, overall and after dividing the events according to gender and age (< 65 or ≥65 years old).¦Results: In general and for all four subgroups according to age and sex, there is a daily variation in the number of deaths with a first peak in the morning (8h00 -12h00) and a smaller second peak in the late afternoon (14h - 18h). Both males and females have similar hourly patterns, although the magnitude of the difference diminishes in older patients particularly for people who die from stroke. For the weekly variation, there seems to be a significant trend only in the younger population with the lowest mortality rates on Sunday and the highest on Mondays for all diseases. When it comes to seasonal variation according to month, the trend is more significant in the elder patients with the highest death rates during the winter months (+31%) and the lowest in the summer (July/August).¦Conclusion: There is a timely pattern for CVD, AMI and stroke deaths in Switzerland. This pattern changes according to the age and sex of the patients. Knowing this trend, its triggering factors and consequences, perhaps there could be measures put in place to prevent, diagnose and treat the population which is the most vulnerable at certain times.

Susceptibility of laboratory-reared female Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) to infection by different species and strains of Leishmania Ross, 1903

A study was undertaken to compare the susceptibility of laboratory-reared female Lutzomyia longipalpis to infection by different species or strains of New World Leishmania. The sand flies proved to be highly susceptible to infection by a strain of Le. guyanensis, with flagellates developing in all (18/18) of the specimens examined. A lower infection rate of 37 per cents (10/27) was recorded in flies exposed to infection by a strain of Le. amazonensis. Flagellates developed in 13 per cents (6/46) of the sand flies that glood fed on dogs in the earlly stage of experimental infection with an old laboratory strain of Le. chagasi. In contrast, promastigotes did not develop in sand flies that blood fed on dogs with naturally acquired Le. chagasi. The naturally infected dogas were in an advanced stage of disease. Flagellates developed in 9// (3/32) of the sand flies that blood fed on lesions of hamsters infected with a strain of Le. braziliensis and in 9 per cents (3/34) of those that fed on hamsters with lesions due to a parasite fo the mexicana complex (strain MHOM/BR/73/BH121). Sand flies did not develop flagellate infections after blood feeding on hamsters bearing lesions induced by strain MHOM/BR/71/BR49. Factors influencing the susceptibility of Lu. longipalpis to infection by New World species of Leishmania are discussed.

Structures and failure mechanisms analysis of Turtle Mountain

The 30 M m3 rockslide that occurred on the east face of Turtle Mountain in the Crowsnest Pass area (Alberta) in 1903 is one of the most famous landslides in the world. In this paper, the structural features of the South part of Turtle Mountain are investigated in order to understand the present-day scar morphology and to identify the most important failure mechanisms. The structural features were mapped using a high resolution digital elevation model (DEM) in order to have a large overview of the relevant structural features. At the same time, a field survey was carried out and small scale fractures were analyzed in different parts of southern Turtle Mountain in order to confirm the DEM analysis. Results allow to identify six main discontinuity sets that influence the Turtle Mountain morphology. These discontinuity sets were then used to identify the potential failure mechanisms affecting Third Peak and South Peak area.

First report of the genera Macvicaria Gibson & Bray, 1982, Pachycreadium Manter, 1954 and Saturnius manter, 1969 (Trematoda: Digenea), in brazilian marine fishes

Macvicaria crassigula (Linton, 1910) (Opecoelidae) is referred from the intestine of Micropogonias furnieri and from Stellifer rastrifer; and from Stellifer rastrifer, and Saturnius maurepasi Overstreet, 1977 (Bunocotylidae) from the stomach of Mugil liza. This is the first report of these species in Brazil, and a new host records are presented.

L'expérience de la poésie. A propos de l'utopie de la littérature chez Adorno

Par utopie de la littérature, j'entends le geste d'élection de la littérature comme réponse aux aspirations philosophiques laissées en souffrance par la philosophie elle-même. Ce geste caractérise le rapport de la pensée adornienne aux textes littéraires. Pour Adorno en effet, la littérature apparaît comme le paradigme d'une relation pacifiée du sujet avec son autre, le non-identique, et cela au travers d'un usage du langage dans lequel la maîtrise subjective se trouve suspendue. L'article se propose d'aborder plus particulièrement le rapport d'Adorno à la poésie par la lecture de deux textes des Noten zur Literatur, consacrés à Hölderlin et à Eichendorff. On verra se dessiner comme l'enjeu central de la poésie la transformation du langage « en seconde nature », tandis que la relation aux oeuvres littéraires se laissera penser en terme d'expérience (Erfahrung).

Sobre el Art Director. Paradigmas creativos: W. Addison, P. Rand y F. Depero

El present projecte descriu els inicis de la comunicació visual i la importància d’aquesta per els comerços que van néixer a rel de la Revolució Industrial. Analitza el moviment modern i l’aparició de la figura del Art Director als Estats Units en una època liderada per l’Avantguardisme i el Futurisme. S’endinsa en els treballs de tres figures importants en el món del disseny gràfic: William Addison, Paul Rand i Fortunato Depero. L’objectiu d’aquest treball es mostrar la influencia d’aquestes figures en la publicitat.

The development of species of Leishmania Ross, 1903 in Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912)

The development of four isolates of Leishmania from foci of American cutaneous leishmaniasis was studied in Lutzomyia longipalpis. The suggestion that the differences in the development of the Leishmania in the invertebrate host are of great taxonomic significance was confirmed. The pattern of development of three strains was typical of parasites of the subgenus Leishmania, the other was similar to Leishmania of the subgenus Viannia. The identification of the strains using other criteria is in agreement with biological characterization. The results show that the morphological and morphometric study of promastigotes do not clearly define the taxonomic position of the parasites but other studies are needed to confirm this.

40Ar/39Ar dating of Penninic Front tectonic displacement (W Alps) during the Lower Oligocene (31-34 Ma)

Direct absolute dating of the Penninic Frontal Thrust tectonic motion is achieved using the Ar-40/Ar-39 technique in the Pelvoux Crystalline Massif (Western Alps). The dated phengites were formed syn-kinematically in shear zones. They underline the brittle-ductile stretching lineation, pressure-shadow fibres and slickensides consistent with underthrusting of the European continental slab below the propagating Penninic Thrust. Chlorite-phengite thermobarometry yields 10-15 km and T similar to 280 degrees C, while Ar-40/Ar-39 phengite ages mainly range between 34 and 30 Ma, with one younger age at 27 Ma. This Early Oligocene age range matches a major tectonic rearrangement of the Alpine chain. Preservation of prograde Ar-40/Ar-39 ages is ascribed to passive exhumation of the Pelvoux shear zone network, sandwiched between more external thrusts and the Penninic Front reactivated as an E-dipping detachment fault. Partial resetting in the Low Temperature part of argon spectra below 24 Ma is ascribed to brittle deformation and alteration of phengites.