991 resultados para 349
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The calico box crab Hepatus epheliticus is an abundant species from shallow and continental shelf waters of the Atlantic coast of USA and Mexico. Information about population structure and sexual maturity is absent, even though this crab is caught to be used as bait for the octopus fishery in the Campeche Bank, Mexico. In order to achieve such information, a total of 768 individuals were collected from January to March 2010 through baited traps installed in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Our results showed that sex ratio is biased towards more males than females (1:0.55), contradicting to that reported in other brachyuran crabs. The absence of ovigerous females suggests that they did not enter into the traps during embryogenesis. Males reached a larger maximum size than females (64.0 +/- 6.15 and 58.4 +/- 5.60 mm carapace width, respectively). The general scheme of growth being positive allometric throughout ontogeny of both sexes. Males presented a transition phase from juveniles to adult corresponding to the puberty moult. The estimation of the onset of functional sexual maturity revealed a steady situation for the population, with 21.5 and 13.8% of males and females, respectively, morphologically immature at the time of catch. This study constitutes the first report on population structure and sexual maturity in a population of the calico box crab H. epheliticus.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento na qualidade de frutos de cajá-manga. Os frutos de cajá-manga foram obtidos junto ao CEAGESP - Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo, e transportados em caixas isotérmicas para o Laboratório onde foram selecionados quanto à aparência, estádio de maturação, ausência de danos físicos, depois sanitizados em solução de 50 ppm de cloro livre e acondicionados em bandejas de poliestireno expandido, envolto por filme de policloreto de vinila (PVC). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos (4ºC, 8ºC e 25ºC) e 5 épocas de avaliação (0; 3; 6; 9 e 12 dias após a instalação do experimento). em cada coleta, foram avaliadas a firmeza, a acidez titulável, os sólidos solúveis, o teor de ácido ascórbico, a cor da casca e, também, a liberação de CO2 pelos frutos ao longo do tempo. Foi observado que baixas temperaturas prolongam a vida útil dos frutos e que a temperatura de armazenamento influencia nas características avaliadas, sendo a temperatura de 8ºC a mais adequada para o armazenamento dos frutos de cajá-manga.
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O artigo analisa as atuais políticas culturais e analisa empiricamente as ações da unidade paulistana do Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil (CCBB). O objetivo é interpretar como esta instituição opera o fomento à cultura no contexto da normatização cultural no Brasil. A articulação institucional entre Banco do Brasil e seu Centro Cultural enseja algumas particularidades no campo da difusão cultural, pois o status institucional do CCBB condiciona de maneira decisiva as formas como transcorrem as relações com produtores culturais, público consumidor e com seu respectivo mantenedor. Trata-se de estudo baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento de campo e na abordagem dialética de análise. Conclui-se que, ao consentir um laissez-faire cultural, o Estado admite que o mercado imponha sua lógica à cultura, de modo que o objeto empírico pode ser caracterizado como um exemplo dessa dinâmica.
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O cancro cítrico, causado pela bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri Valterin et alii 1995, é uma doença conhecida mundialmente e sempre constituiu séria ameaça para a citricultura brasileira. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar as condições climáticas do Estado de São Paulo e desenvolver mapas de zonas de maior risco de epidemias de cancro cítrico. Foram utilizados dados meteorológicos referentes aos anos de 2002 a 2005, os quais foram baseados no modelo de previsão desenvolvido por Campbell & Madden (4) e Hau & Kranz (10). A freqüência dos dados foi horária e quando alguma estação apresentava falha, esses eram extrapolados da estação mais próxima. Foram contabilizados os índices de favorabilidade e posteriormente calculadas as porcentagens de dias favoráveis à ocorrência da doença no período de um ano. A partir destas informações, foram gerados os mapas temáticos do Estado de São Paulo, com a distribuição espacial da porcentagem de dias favoráveis à ocorrência de cancro cítrico. A região Noroeste do Estado foi a que apresentou a maior porcentagem de dias favoráveis à ocorrência de cancro cítrico.
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It is analyzed the social struggle held by locals at Barreiras, Diogo Lopes and Sertãozinho communities (Macau-RN) in order to avoid the ownership of its mangrove area to hotel managers, in 1995 and to hinder the destruction of Ilha dos Cavalos mangrove by the shrimp producers, in 2000, what led to the creation of Ponta do Tubarão Reserve of State Sustainable Development, located at Macau and Guamaré cities, northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, respectively 180 and 200 kilometers away from Natal, created in July, 18, 2003 by the Decree State Law n. 8.349, to preserve its traditional territory and way of life. It is photographed and analyzed the developed ways of life in this Unit of Conservation, from the sociocultural category, based in pointers of the material production in the life ways as: the work, the leisure, the religion, the popular knowledge and the action of the contemporary men on the environment. In this perspective, it is considered as method strategy a sociocultural photo cartography, created to this research, and to be concretized used photographic documents, observation, interviews, documental research and bibliographic research, being an association of techniques as peculiarities of this strategy of research. It is concluded that the social struggle developed by the collective actors at Ponta do Tubarão Reserve of State Sustainable Development, is characterized as a transforming action against the global and predatory capital, for the maintenance of the environment and the traditional way of life; One also concludes that the sociocultural photo cartography is very important as a proposal of possible procedures to being used in qualitative researches, because of its analytical potentialities providing a more including vision of the sociocultural routine of the studied space, in the attempt to know and to disclose the relations lived for the citizens of the research in Social Sciences
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The first reference map of the proteome of pooled normal dog tears was created using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the identity of a number of the major species determined using matrix-assisted laser desorption time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and peptide mass fingerprint matching on protein sequence databases. In order to understand the changes in protein expression in the tear film of dogs with cancer, tears from such animals were similarly examined. A number of differences were found between the tears of healthy dogs and the dogs with cancer. Differences were found in levels of actin and albumin and in an unidentified protein which may be analogous to human lacryglobulin. These findings suggest that it may be possible to develop tear film analysis to provide a simple non-invasive test for the diagnosis and/or management of canine cancers. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de dez linhagens de soja-hortaliça, em campo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi blocos ao acaso, com dez tratamentos (linhagens) e cinco repetições. Cada parcela experimental foi constituída por quatro linhas de plantio, com cinco metros de comprimento. Utilizou-se irrigação por aspersão. As linhagens avaliadas foram: JLM003; JLM004; JLM010; JLM018; JLM019; JLM024; JLM030; BR36; BR155 e BRS216. Avaliaram-se a precocidade média, altura de inserção da primeira vagem, número de vagens chochas, número de vagens com um grão, número de vagens com dois grãos, número de vagens com três grãos, massa fresca de vagens com um, dois e três grãos, massa fresca de 100 sementes, provenientes de vagens com um, dois e três grãos, massa de vagens não comerciais e produção de vagens comerciais por planta. Com base nos resultados obtidos, a linhagem JLM010 foi a mais indicada para a produção de soja-hortaliça por apresentar produção de grãos imaturos de 12,53 t ha-1 e maior massa fresca de 100 sementes.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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As a result of the prediction of irreversible changes on necessary conditions to maintain life, including human, on the planet, environmental education got the spotlight in the political scenario, due to social pressure for the development of individual and collective values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences towards environmental preservation. In Brazil, only in 1999 the right for environmental education was officially granted to people, having the status of essential and permanent component in the country s education. Since then, it has been Government s duty, in each federal branch, to plan actions to make it happen, in an articulate way in all levels and modalities of the education process, both formally and informally. This work of research has environmental education in the school as subject matter, and aims on analyzing social and political mediations established between this National Environmental Education policy and the contexts associated to the legislative production process, the political nature of the conceptions about environmental education that underlie Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) and also Rio Grande do Norte Government s actions and omissions related to the imperative nature of the insertion of environmental education in the schools ran by the state, during the ten years this law has been in force. The investigation of the subject matter was led by a social and historical understanding of the social and environmental phenomena, as well as of the education system as a whole, considering that only through a dialectical view we can see the real world, by destroying the pseudo-concreteness that surrounds the topic. While analyzing, we assumed that in face of the dominance of a social organization in which market regulations rule on environmental ones, by developing individual and collective critical conscience, environmental education can become a threat to dominant economical interests in exploiting natural resources. The results of this research suggest that as an educational practice to be developed in an integrated, continuous and permanent fashion in all levels and modalities of formal education, environmental education has not yet come to pass in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, due to the neglect and disrespect of the government when facing the need of promoting the necessary and legally appointed measures to make it present in the basic education provided by the state. The legislators silence when it comes to approving a regulation on environmental education essential to define policies, rules and criteria to teaching the subject in the state and the omission from the public administration regarding critical actions in order to integrate in public schools the activities related to the National Environmental Education Policy, represent a political decision for not doing anything, despite the legal demand for an active position. This neglecting attitude for the actualizing of strategically concrete actions, urgent and properly planned for the implementation of environmental education in schools in a multidisciplinary way, exposes the lack of interest the predominant classes have in such kind of education being made available, as it could be developed based on a critic political view, becoming a political and educational action against dominance. When analyzing the basic principles and fundamental goals in Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) the development of a critic environmental education is really possible and concurs with the National Environmental Education Policy, reflecting the social and political mediations established between this public policy and the contexts associated to its legislative production process, which are responsible for approving a regulation which also represents the mind of the people about environmental protection above anything else
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Objetivando a verificação da existência de plântulas originadas de embrião zigótico em viveiros comerciais de mudas cítricas, realizou-se o presente trabalho, utilizando a técnica de fAFLP e quatro espécies de porta-enxertos para citros. Verificou-se uma base genética estreita entre as espécies testadas, além de grande variabilidade entre os materiais, independentemente do viveiro em que foram coletados, o que permite concluir que a seleção visual, comumente realizada nos viveiros, é ineficiente.
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Visando estudar as associações genéticas e fenotípicas entre a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e a produção de leite até 305 dias (P305) e avaliar as perspectivas de utilização da CCS como critério de seleção em bovinos leiteiros, utilizaram-se dados obtidos pelo Programa de Análise da Eficiência de Rebanhos Leiteiros e da Qualidade do Leite, desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Qualidade do Leite da ESALQ - USP. Por não apresentar distribuição normal, a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) foi transformada para uma escala logarítmica (ECS). Foram estimados os parâmetros genéticos para a P305 dias e a média dos escores de células somáticas (MECS). A média da produção de leite até 305 dias foi de 7.519,51 kg e a da MECS, de 4,04. As herdabilidades estimadas para P305 e MECS foram de 0,22 e 0,13, respectivamente, nas análises univariadas. Valores semelhantes foram estimados pela análise bivariada. A correlação genética entre a P305 e MECS foi de -0,16. Por apresentar correlação genética negativa, mas de baixa magnitude, a seleção para produção de leite não ocasionaria, a princípio, aumento indesejável da MECS.
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The strengthening of the domestic industry in Brazil required the modernization, mechanization and expansion of salt production. Thereafter the production of sea salt started to be made in a process of continuous flow, where the product is constantly stored in yards, with daily movements in and out of salt. Thus far, the major bottleneck found in this production process is the control of production, because due to the large amount produced and variety of losses existing in the various stages of production there are not a regulated and safe way to control inventories with accuracy and speed demanded. In a typical case with a salt marsh company of Rio Grande do Norte state, salt produced is stored in two open courtyards and inventory control of salt made by carrying input / output relationship of salt in each storage yard. This work developed a conceptual model of inventory control, based on topography, adopting surveys into one of the courtyards of the company. There were 25 biweekly survey measurements over a year book to generate digital models representing the stock. For each measurement, results were compared with the values of inventory accounting provided by the salt marsh in order to identify existing losses and mark out the sales department on the actual stock available at each measurement date. Inventories calculated by the model indicated losses of 6,349 tonnes for the period of one year book and 3,279 tonnes for the period between harvests, when compared to the accounting control
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)