提高胚胎移植中受体牛妊娠率的研究进展

胚胎的质量和受体牛的质量是影响胚胎移植受体牛妊娠率的两个非人为因素。近年来人们在提高胚胎的质量和建立旨在提高受体牛质量的受体牛选择标准方面做了大量的工作,使胚胎移植工作中受体牛的妊娠率有了很大提高。从超数排卵、体外受精两种胚胎生产方法中如何提高胚胎的质量以及受体牛质量控制等方面介绍了有关研究概况和发展动态。

恒河猴、懒猴和树鼩的短时空间记忆功能与前额叶背侧部进化水平的相关性(英文)

该文研究探讨了进化地位不同的三种动物的短时空间记忆功能及其与前额叶背侧部进化水平的相关性. 结果表明, 在延缓反应作业中, 经1000次训练后, 7只恒河猴对空间位置的记忆时间平均为7.7±3.2min, 懒猴为3.8±0.44min, 而树鼩即使在延缓时间几乎为零秒的延缓反应中, 其正确反应率也未达到90%标准. 一种延缓时间仅测试一个单元, 即不经训练的实验表明, 恒河猴在延缓期为“0”—5min的各测试单元中, 正确反应率稳定在80%以上; 懒猴在延缓时间为“0”—4min的各测试单元中, 平均正确反应率与恒河猴无明显差异, 而当延缓时间增加到5min时, 在延缓反应作业中取得的成绩显著下降。

Merging effects of vitamin E and C on biological factors, blood characteristics and resistance against thermal stress in rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss)

This study was conducted to assay the effects of different levels of dietary vitamins C and E on growth indices and survival and resistance against thermal stress of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in pond culture of Marzan abad from December 2011 to February 2011. Seven diets were supplemented. 300 fish with the average weight of 17 g were introduced to ponds for 60 days. The results showed that the highest and the lowest weight gain were in fish fed with diet containing 50 mg/kg vitamin C and E and 0 mg/kg vitamin C and E(control) , respectively. The highest and the lowest Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were measured in control and diet 50 mg/kg vitamin C and E. There is a significant difference in their treatments (P<0.05). Also, the lowest and highest amount of Weight Gain (WG) were observed in (E) treatment with 165.04% and 117.5% in control, the highest and lowest Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Condition Factor (CF) was found in control and treatment 50 mg/kg vitamin C and E, respectively(P<0.05). In conclusion vitamin C and E have an important role in enhancement of growth performance and feed efficiency of rainbow trout.The highest red blood cells were found in combined treatments and which the vitamin C was added.The highest RBC were found in E treatment(1.1×104 /mm3) and the lowest one in control (P˂0.05). Counting white blood cells also confirmed highest quantity in combined treatments with (69.83×104/mm3) and the lowest one (28.83×104 /mm3) in control. In conclusion these vitamins have a significant role in blood characteristics. Meantime, the resistance against termal stress was measured at the end of 60 days by facing fishes into 5 centigrade warmer water so consentration of Cortisol and Glucose measured for this reason.The lowest cortisol amount was measured in E treatment with 188.74 ng/ml and the highest was found in control(P<0.05). There was a significant difference in blood glucose consentration of fishes in F treatment with (78.66 mg/dl) and control with 136 mg/dl as a highest one(P<0.05).

猴获得性免疫缺陷综合症(SAIDS)的研究概况

目前已分离到四种不同的猴的Lantiviruses(SIV)型, 已有5种不同血清型的 SRV被认识。与 人的AIDS相比, 猴的SAIDS表现得更加急性, SAIDS病毒破坏的 宿主免疫细胞种类也比AIDS病毒多。参14

哺乳类性别控制的实践与进展

动物的性别控制是指通过对精子或胚胎的性别鉴定以达到调控子代性别的目的。基于在人类健康及畜牧业生产上的应用价值，动物的性别控制一直是人类期望达到的目标之一。介绍了性别控制的研究历史及最新进展，并着重就不同性别控制手段的理论基础、特点、实践应用价值及未来发展进行了评述。

Effect of amino acids on cryopreservation of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) sperm

The effects of three amino acids (proline, glutamine, and glycine) added to the freezing medium Tes-Tris-egg yolk (TTE) for cryopreservation of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) spermatozoa were studied. This is the first report on the effects of amino acids on nonhuman primate sperm cryopreservation. The addition of 5 mM proline, 10 mM glutamine, and 10 or 20 mM glycine each significantly improved post-thaw sperm motility and membrane and acrosome integrity compared with the control (TTE alone). However, a significant decrease in motility and membrane/acrosome integrity was observed when amino acid concentrations increased to 60 mM for proline and glutamine, and 80 mM for glycine. The results suggest that adding a limited amount of amino acids to the freezing media is beneficial for freezing cynomolgus monkey sperm.

云南西双版纳片断热带雨林鼠形啮齿类的物种多样性研究

该文以３个不同面积和环境状况的片断热带雨林即西双版纳傣族“龙山林”和１个自然保护区对照样地为工作样区, 对热带雨林片断化后, 鼠形啮齿类物种多样性的变化及其与环境的关系等进行了研究, 结果如下：(1)４个样地铗捕获得的鼠形啮齿类种数分别为３、３、４和５种; (2)城子龙山和保护区对照样地的多样性指数较高(分别为2.058和1.944), 而曼养广龙山和曼俄龙山的物种多样性指数仅为1.165和1.350; (３)各“龙山”的鼠形啮齿类物种多样性与其面积大小的相关性较弱, 而与样地的隔离状况及人为干扰破坏的程度有较显著的相关性; (4)样地内鼠种组成的变化也和样地隔离状态及人为干扰破坏程度的不同密切相关; (5)各样地鼠形啮群落中生物量的分布也很不均匀。

咪唑安定或丙泊酚拮抗戊四氮对突触传递的影响

目的: 观察咪唑安定或丙泊酚复合戊四氮对突触传递的影响。方法: 分离大鼠海马半脑, 切出400 Lm 厚度的海马脑片, 全细胞膜片钳记录戊四氮+ 咪唑安定组, 戊四氮+ 脂肪乳剂组, 戊四氮+ 丙泊酚组海马CA 1 区神经元兴奋性突触后电流(EP2 SC) 变化。结果: 各组加入10 mmolöL 戊四氮均使EPSC 降至基线值的3510% 左右; 10 LmolöL 咪唑安定使EPSC 幅值上升至 基线值的8612% , 脂肪乳剂不改变EPSC, 100 LmolöL 丙泊酚使EPSC 值上升至基线值的7117%。结论: 戊四氮对正常突触传 递具有抑制作用, 咪唑安定或丙泊酚拮抗戊四氮抑制突触传递的作用, 使已减小的EPSC 有所升高。

藏猴替代父母行为

在23周龄内,婴猴有10.5%的时间受到替代父母, 主要是成年雄性的照料, 此行为可能用以补偿母亲在恶劣觅食条件下对子女的高投入。其中,7.3%的时间与成年雄性在一起, 1.9%与非母亲成年雌性, 1.3%与少年猴在一起。雄性较雌性更经常地照料、探查、拦回、排斥婴猴;他们一般只与雄性婴猴玩耍。

Building damage and repair due to leakage in a deep excavation

The north-south line in Amsterdam is being built underneath the historic centre of the city. Three deep stations are being constructed in deep excavations supported by diaphragm walls. During the excavation for Vijzelgracht station, leakage through the wall resulted in large settlements and damage to historic buildings, which threatened continuation of the project. The authors analysed the cause of the leakage and the damage to the buildings. With the application of robust preventative measures at two of the deep excavations it was possible to continue the project. This paper reports on the cause of the events, the damage to the buildings and the counter-measures taken. It includes lessons learned for the project and for the foundations industry.