A thermally actuated superconducting flux pump

The concept of a superconducting flux pump is relatively straightforward. A small magnetic field repeatedly applied will lead to a much larger field being trapped within the superconductor. This field is limited by the volume of the superconductor and by its critical current but not by the excitation field. Here we will describe a new technique which facilitates the creation of high magnetic fields and where the magnitude of the trapped field is limited by the superconductor not the magnetising field. The technique is demonstrated using measurements taken using samples of bulk YBCO as YBCO has a very high irreversibility field and has the potential to trap high magnetic fields. The technique could be applied to other superconductors such as BSCCO or MgB2 and in other forms such as thin or thick films. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

重庆市涪陵区城乡饮用水中微囊藻毒素的污染

目的探讨重庆市涪陵区城乡居民饮用水中微囊藻毒素LR(MC-LR)污染现状。方法在涪陵区市政水源水(长江水)、管网水、二次供水系统设立采样点;同时,抽取水源和水处理工艺完全相同的4个乡镇水厂,选择其水源水、管网水;在上述4个乡镇分别选择3～4个农村居民饮用水井。于2004年6—11月,采集各采样点水样。采用酶联免疫试剂盒测定MC-LR含量,采用氯化亚锡分光光度法测定水样中总磷含量,采用紫外分光光度法测定水样中总氮含量。结果6—11月市政水源水(长江水)、管网水以及6月市政二次供水、乡镇水厂水源水、管网水、农

土壤丝状蓝藻在荒漠治理中的作用研究

国家自然科学基金项目资助(No.30170112;30500068); 中国科学院知识创新工程项目(220418)资助

SOI membrane-based pressure sensor in stress sensitive differential amplifier configuration

This paper introduces a pressure sensing structure configured as a stress sensitive differential amplifier (SSDA), built on a Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) membrane. Theoretical calculation show the significant increase in sensitivity which is expected from the pressure sensors in SSDA configuration compared to the traditional Wheatstone bridge circuit. Preliminary experimental measurements, performed on individual transistors placed on the membrane, exhibit state-the-art sensitivity values (1.45mV/mbar). © 2012 IEEE.

Chemical surface modification of poly-ε-caprolactone improves Schwann cell proliferation for peripheral nerve repair.

Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer used in tissue engineering for various clinical applications. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in nerve regeneration and repair. SCs attach and proliferate on PCL films but cellular responses are weak due to the hydrophobicity and neutrality of PCL. In this study, PCL films were hydrolysed and aminolysed to modify the surface with different functional groups and improve hydrophilicity. Hydrolysed films showed a significant increase in hydrophilicity while maintaining surface topography. A significant decrease in mechanical properties was also observed in the case of aminolysis. In vitro tests with Schwann cells (SCs) were performed to assess film biocompatibility. A short-time experiment showed improved cell attachment on modified films, in particular when amino groups were present on the material surface. Cell proliferation significantly increased when both treatments were performed, indicating that surface treatments are necessary for SC response. It was also demonstrated that cell morphology was influenced by physico-chemical surface properties. PCL can be used to make artificial conduits and chemical modification of the inner lumen improves biocompatibility.

Vowel normalisation: Time-domain processing of the internal dynamics of speech

Human listeners can identify vowels regardless of speaker size, although the sound waves for an adult and a child speaking the ’same’ vowel would differ enormously. The differences are mainly due to the differences in vocal tract length (VTL) and glottal pulse rate (GPR) which are both related to body size. Automatic speech recognition machines are notoriously bad at understanding children if they have been trained on the speech of an adult. In this paper, we propose that the auditory system adapts its analysis of speech sounds, dynamically and automatically to the GPR and VTL of the speaker on a syllable-to-syllable basis. We illustrate how this rapid adaptation might be performed with the aid of a computational version of the auditory image model, and we propose that an auditory preprocessor of this form would improve the robustness of speech recognisers.

沉水植物分布格局对湖泊水环境N、P因子影响

利用实地调查数据模拟保安湖沉水植物分布及水环境生态因子场。应用GIS空间分析功能 ,分别空间选取四种优势沉水植物 (金鱼藻CeratophyllumdemersumL .,穗状狐尾藻MyriophyllumspicatumL .,微齿眼子菜PotamogetonmaackianusA .Benn .,及苦草VallisneriaspiralisL .)的分布水域及无沉水植物分布水域的局部生态因子场。根据得到的局部因子场特征 ,比较分析不同水生植物分布格局对水环境中N、P因子的影响。结果显示四种沉水植物的分

湖北汉族人大肠癌HLA-DRB1等位基因遗传易感性研究

目的　探讨湖北汉族人 HL A- DRB1等位基因与大肠癌遗传相关性。方法　针对 HL A- DRB1等位基因第 2外显子多态性 ,设计 2 3对引物的序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应 ,结合等位基因序列分析 ,检测了无亲缘关系的湖北籍汉族健康人 136名及大肠癌患者 72例的 HL A- DRB1基因。 SAS软件进行数据处理。结果　湖北地区汉族人大肠癌患者与正常人比较 ,HL A- DRB1* 0 90 1等位基因分布频率 0 .2 2 92 vs0 .1397(P<0 .0 0 5 ,OR=2 .182

混养罗非鱼对对虾池浮游生物群落结构的影响

国家攀登B计划（PD－ B6 － 7 － 3）;国家自然科学基金（39430102 号）;国家九五攻关计划（96 － 922 － 02

通江湖泊的渔业意义及其资源管理对策

长江中、下游的江湖复合生态系统包含有河流和湖泊两个环境单元。其中的鱼类群落由河海洄游鱼类、江湖洄游鱼类、河流鱼类和定居性鱼类等４个生态类群组成，尤以江湖徊游鱼类对这一特殊的生态环境形成了良好的适应，因而种群数量繁盛。从渔业的角度看，水利工程造成的江湖阻隔削弱了通江湖泊的生态功能，成为导致鱼类资源下降和种类结构改变的主要原因之一。当前应从控制捕捞、人工增殖和恢复生态环境结构等方面着手进行资源管理，确保鱼类资源的永续利用。

The smallest thermal nuclear reactor

There is a growing need for very small nuclear reactors for space applications and as portable high-intensity neutron sources. This technical note investigates the question of what is the smallest possible thermal reactor. It was found that the smallest reactor is a spherically shaped solution of 242mAm(NO3)3 in water. The weight of such a reactor is 4.95 kg with 0.7 kg of 242mAm nuclear fuel. The radius of the reactor in this case is 9.6 cm.

Recycle of transuranium elements in light water reactors for reduction of geological storage requirements

This paper presents results of a feasibility study aimed at developing a zero-transuranic-discharge fuel cycle based on the U-Th-TRU ternary cycle. The design objective is to find a fuel composition (mixture of thorium, enriched uranium, and recycled transuranic components) and fuel management strategy resulting in an equilibrium charge-discharge mass flow. In such a fuel cycle scheme, the quantity and isotopic vector of the transuranium (TRU) component is identical at the charge and discharge time points, thus allowing the whole amount of the TRU at the end of the fuel irradiation period to be separated and reloaded into the following cycle. The TRU reprocessing activity losses are the only waste stream that will require permanent geological storage, virtually eliminating the long-term radiological waste of the commercial nuclear fuel cycle. A detailed three-dimensional full pressurized water reactor (PWR) core model was used to analyze the proposed fuel composition and management strategy. The results demonstrate the neutronic feasibility of the fuel cycle with zero-TRU discharge. The amount of TRU and enriched uranium loaded reach equilibrium after about four TRU recycles. The reactivity coefficients were found to be within a range typical for a reference PWR core. The soluble boron worth is reduced by a factor of ∼2 from a typical PWR value. Nevertheless, the results indicate the feasibility of an 18-month fuel cycle design with an acceptable beginning-of-cycle soluble boron concentration even without application of burnable poisons.

稀有鮈鲫临界温度的研究

稀有鮈鲫临界温度的研究王剑伟中国科学院水生生物研究所武汉４３００７２稀有钢鲫（ｆｆｏｂｍｐｎｉｒａｎＹｅｅｔＦｕ）是一种小型鲤科鱼类，在作为一种新的实验鱼。灭蚊鱼等方面具有广阔的应用前景［’，’）。从１９９０年开始，我们就积累了有关稀有铜鲫越冬、度夏...

广西河池地区鱼类动物地理学特征

据调查鉴定,流经广西河池地区的红水河、龙江和四堡河的鱼类资源有156种,分隶7目19科97属。其中有91种为本区第一次记录,有土著鱼类153种,并发现金线鲃属鱼类有4个新种。