Water quality and nutrient dynamics - Lake Victoria, Kenya

Limnological studies in Lake Victoria (Kenyan portion) have been sporadic. Water quality and nutrient dynamics studies are being undertaken in fifteen sampling sites that have been divided into four ecological zones namely: Nyanza Gulf, Rusinga Channel, open waters inshore and open waters. The ongoing study will show how the physical and chemical paramenters affect fish distribution and abundance.

第四届全国环境力学研讨会简介

由于社会与经济可持续发展的重要需求,近年来环境力学研究得到迅速发展,成为力学学科一个新的重要生长点.

Relation between TMAOase activity and content of formaldehyde in fillet minces and bellyflap minces from gadoid fishes

Minced fish is a significant component of a number of frozen fishery products like fish fingers, cakes and patties. Predominately minced fish is produced from gadoid species (Alaska pollack, cod, saithe, hake and others) possessing the enzyme trimethylamine oxide demethylase (TMAOase, E.C. 4.1.2.32) (Rehbein and Schreiber 1984). TMAOase catalyses the degradation of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) to formaldehyde (FA) and dimethylamine (DMA), preferentially during frozen storage of products (Hultin 1992). In most gadoid species light muscle contains only low activity of TMAOase, the activity of red muscle and bellyflaps being somewhat higher. In contrast, the TMAOase activity in blood, kidney and other tissues, residues of which may contaminate minced fish flesh, may be higher for several orders of magnitude (Rehbein and Schreiber 1984).

Anwendungsmöglichkeiten instrumenteller Texturanalyse zur Charakterisierung industriell hergestellter Farcen

Commercially processed and for industrial purpose destined minces of several fish species were characterised with regard to their texture using texture profile analysis (TPA) of boiled specimen and by measuring the penetration force on raw minces as well as with regard to their colour by instrumental measurements of CIELab values. Concerning the parameters investigated the minces were in most cases significantly different. It was evident that the fish species is responsible for the functional properties of these intermediate products. For the TPA the influence of the measurement conditions was demonstrated and an appropriate method derived. IEF of proteins was used to verify the declared fish species. Unfortunately, this was not possible in all cases due to the lack of comparable pattern. Both the DMA and FA content were found to be in the normal range except those for saithe.

Ejection of energetic photoelectrons in laser-induced autoionisation: effects of high-order ionisation processes

Resonant interaction of an autoionising state with a strong laser field is considered and effects of second-order ionisation processes are investigated. The authors show that these processes play a very important role in laser-induced autoionisation (LIA). They drastically affect the lowest-order peaks in the photoelectron spectrum. In addition to these peaks, high-order peaks due to ejection of energetic photoelectrons appear. For the laser intensities of current interest, second-order peaks are much stronger than the original ones, an important result that, they believe, can be observed experimentally. Moreover, `peak switching', a general feature of above-threshold ionisation, is also manifest in the electron spectrum of LIA.

Erronkarierazko dotrina argitaragabe bat: edizioa eta azterketa

[EU] Gure diputazioetako artxiboetan gordetzen diren eskuizkribu anitzetarik bat ematen dut lan honetan argitara: Nafarroako Artxibo Nagusiko Bonaparte Ondarean B-118 signatura daraman "Doctrina Uscaraz", erronkarieraz idatzitako dotrina osatugabea. Testu honen edizioa paratzeaz gain, iruzkina ere eransten dut, hala testuko puntu ilunak hobeki ulertarazteko nola kontu askotan hain bitxi gertatzen zaigun erronkariera ezagutzeko aurrerapauso txiki bat egiteko asmoz.

1994: Optimismus nur für den Nordseesprottenbestand

The new German R.V. "Walther Herwig III" joined the International North Sea Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) coordinated in the frame or ICES from February 18 to March 22 1994. A total of 354 valid half hour tows were made by seven research vessels from the different ICES members in order to determine the strength of incoming year classes of commercially most important fish species. Preliminary index figures for the stocks under observation of all participating vessels show that only the North Sea sprat stock developed a substantial year class in 1993. In addition, hydrographic data were collected during the survey. These data show the temperatures and salinities of the northern and central North Sea in most parts beneath the mean values during the period under investigation.

Quantitative Larvenanalyse des Rügenschen Frühjahrsherings in den Laichsaisons 1991 und 1992

Das bereits vom ehemaligen Institut für Hochseefischerei, Rostock, routinemäßig durchgeführte Heringslarvenprogramm im Greifswalder Bodden wird als Beitrag zur Bestandsschätzung des Rügenschen Frühjahrsherings (RFH) zunehmend unter ökologischen Gesichtspunkten im Institut für Ostseefischerei (IOR) in Kooperation mit der Universität Rostock (Fachbereich Biologie) weitergeführt. Die quantitative Larvenanalyse ermöglicht über den Anteil des aus dem Greifswalder Bodden stammenden Nachwuchses eine Voraussage über den Erfolg der in einem weitaus größeren Seegebiet (ICES SD 22+24) produzierten Nachwuchsjahresklassen. Vorliegende Publikation dokumentiert erste Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Heringslarvenverteilung im Saisonverlauf 1991 und 1992.

Group velocity of the light pulse in an open V-type system

We investigate the group velocity of the probe light pulse in an open V-type system with spontaneously generated coherence. We find that, not only varying the relative phase between the probe and driving pulses can but varying the atomic exit rate or incoherent pumping rate also can manipulate dramatically the group velocity, even make the pulse propagation switching from subluminal to superluminal; the subliminal propagation can be companied with gain or absorption, but the superluminal propagation is always companied with absorption. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Propuesta de un modelo determinante de las inversiones socialmente responsables

Este trabajo analiza la materia no muy conocida entre nosotros como son los procesos de decision en las Inversiones Socialmente Responsables (ISR) – Social Responsibility Investment (ISR). El proceso de decision en la inversion social es fundamental, y basandonos en el analisis de caso se ha desarrollado un modelo determinante con el fin de obtener la eficiencia necesaria en dicho proceso. Este modelo esta basado en la formacion, transparencia, legislacion, el compromiso de los gobiernos y la rentabilidad. Por su parte, el proceso de decision esta basado en un ideario etico y las decisiones tomadas dependen del nivel de responsabilidad y formacion que tengan las personas. A traves del modelo, las entidades gestoras pueden mejorar sus procesos de decision. Sin embargo, hemos tenido las siguientes limitaciones: escasa información en la literatura relacionada con la materia, falta de homogeneizacion en los conceptos y necesidad de mayor implicacion de mas entidades gestoras.

Pond action: Promoting the conservation of ponds in Britain

Pond Action is an independent freshwater conservation project which was started in 1987. It is based in the School of Biological and Molecular Sciences in Oxford Polytechnic and has five full-time staff with two senior advisors. The main aim of Pond Action's work has been to promote the conservation of ponds by creating a sound, scientific basis for pond conservation. An essential aspect of this work is the need to make the results of scientific work available and understandable to everybody concerned with pond conservation.