988 resultados para Óleo de peixe Teses
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Costes rochosos so ecossistemas que propiciam o desenvolvimento de comunidades com grande riqueza de espcies e so ambientes de muita importncia para a manuteno dos ecossistemas costeiros. Tais ambientes esto extremamente sujeitos a impactos antrpicos, principalmente no que se refere s contaminaes por petrleo. O municpio da Ilhabela concentra o maior nmero de costes do Estado de So Paulo, e apresenta um notvel histrico desses derrames. A fim de contribuir com o monitoramento dos costes da rea do Canal de So Sebastio executado pela CETESB, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo central o estudo da estrutura da comunidade do costo rochoso da Praia da Feiticeira, um dos pontos monitorados pela CETESB entre 1993 e 1996. Alm da caracterizao das variveis abiticas, a metodologia, com relao as variveis biolgicas, foi dividida em trs partes: estudo quantitativo das espcies dominantes da macrofauna sssil encontradas no campo, baseado na porcentagem de cobertura de Chthamalus bisinuatus (Cirripedia), Brachidontes sp. (Bivalvia) e Tetraclita stalactifera (Cirripedia), gerando grficos sazonais e demogrficos. Para aprimorar as comparaes entre os dois trabalhos, foi feito o Teste de hiptese para igualdade de propores, comparando ano a ano as coletas de inverno, que mostrou que as trs espcies dominantes obtiveram mudanas de um trabalho para o outro, rejeitando assim a Ho em todas as situaes; estudo qualitativo das espcies de macrofauna e macroalgas encontradas dentro da rea amostrada. Este levantamento resultou em uma lista de espcies que foi adicionada ao inventrio do programa de monitoramento. O ndice de similaridade entre os dois trabalhos foi determinado segundo o coeficiente de Sorrensen, que mostrou uma similaridade mdia entre as comunidades. Estas espcie ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrnico abaixo)
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The lubricant oil used in engines of internal combustion must be, periodically, changed. Its mainly function in the engines is to reduce the friction between the pieces, but its presence also promotes the cleanness and the refrigeration of the equipment. These attributions, at the end of some cycles of operation, make the oil to be dirty, that is, full of contaminating substances such as water, gasoline, diesel, additives, oxidized hydro-carbons and rests of metals, not being recommended, therefore, its discarding in the environment. Thus, all the used lubricant oil that leaves the automobiles engine has been thrust, waiting for a solution. The pollution generated by the discarding of a ton of used oil per day in the soil or in the rivers is equivalent to a domestic sewer of 40 thousand of people. The indiscriminate burning of the used lubricant oil generates significant emissions of metallic oxides, besides other toxic gases, like the dioxin and sulphur oxides. In this context, the mean objective of this essay was to effectuate the rerrefine of the used lubricant oil, aiming the increase of its life cycle and consequently contributing for the reduction of the environmental pollution. According to the used process, it was possible to get a rerrefine oil, of good quality, which physicistchemistries properties are in compliance with the norms of NBR and ASTM
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Petroleum and its subproducts are considered a treat for the environmental quality because of the many environmental accidents that may occur during exploitation, transport and storage. A common remediation technique used in the contaminated areas is based on the use of surfactants, mainly the chemical ones, because they have low production costs. In the other hand, some microorganisms have indicate capacities of producing surfactants that emulsify substances and as result, offer a bigger contact surface for the microbiota degradation. This biossurfactants stand out in comparison with the chemical surfactants because they present lower micelar concentration values, are more tolerant for temperature and pH variation, because they are biodegradable, have low toxicity, higher emulsification and hydrocarbon solubilization index. In this way, after the surfactant application, a toxicity evaluation have to be made to identify the treatment effects. In soil, the activity of some microbial enzymes can show the environmental behavior of the contaminant under different treatment conditions. Dehydrogenase is one example of those enzymes that can demonstrate indirectly the effect of the pollutant on the soil microorganisms. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the toxicity after the addition of a surfactant and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI in soil contaminated by a mineral automotive lubricant. The previous mentioned bacteria are a potential biossurfactant (rhamnolipid) producer. In order to evaluate the toxicity, the dehydrogenase test was run. In this test, trifeniltetrazolium compound (TTC) after utilized as an electron acceptor, turns into trifenil formazan (TPF), that can be indirectly quantified using the absorbance measured by the spectrophotometer UV-visible. In this way, it was possible to quantify the dehydrogenase activity from the contaminated soil samples... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Emulses so utilizadas especialmente na rea de cosmticos. So sistemas dispersos constitudos de duas fases lquidas imiscveis (oleosa e aquosa), onde a fase dispersa ou interna finamente dividida e distribuda em outra fase contnua ou externa. A estabilidade da emulso garantida com o uso de agentes emulsificantes, podendo ser melhorada com a ajuda de agentes espessantes, que aumentam a viscosidade. Os agentes espessantes podem ser: polmeros, lcoois, cidos ou steres graxos e ceras naturais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de um sistema emulsionado no-inico, apresentando como tensoativo emulsificante uma base auto emulsionvel no-inica e incorporado de leo essencial em diferentes concentraes, para posterior avaliao da atividade antiirritante em cosmticos ps-barba e ps depilao. Para isto, foi necessrio realizar os teste de estabilidade, que fornecem informaes sobre a confiabilidade e a segurana das preparaes, alm da caracterizao reolgica completa, como auxiliar do desenvolvimento da preparao e do estudo de estabilidade. Foram realizados testes de estabilidade preliminar, que auxiliam na triagem das formulaes e tambm realizou-se testes de estabilidade acelerada, com o objetivo de estimar o prazo de validade do produto. Com o objetivo de analisar o comportamento do produto durante o armazenamento e no momento do uso, estudou-se o comportamento reolgico das preparaes, onde avaliou-se as curvas de fluxo, a tixotropia e os testes oscilatrios. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a emulso proposta estvel frente aos testes de estabilidade, no apresentando alteraes significativas quanto aos parmetros analisados. Foi verificado que ela pode receber um ativo e liber-lo, no entanto, as concentraes de leo essencial de Achillea millefolium incorporadas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrnico abaixo)
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A number of methods and products have been developed in order to eliminate or reduce the negative effects that hydrocarbons cause to the environment, including hydrophobic expanded vermiculite, used in oil residue filtering systems at gas stations. However, upon adsorbing organic compounds, the vermiculite is no longer used and is sent to landfills. The aim of the present study was to wash granular and powdered vermiculite containing oil lubricant in its pores with distilled water and solutions of 0.1% SDS surfactant and rhamnolipids, with the aim of removing the lubricant and the possibility of reusing the mineral. The greatest amount of lubricant removal was obtained through washing with 0.1% SDS and both granulometric forms. This may be associated to the industrial purification received by the surfactant. However, the biosurfactant is ecologically more viable due to its low toxicity and ease of degradability. In the readsorption tests, greatest adsorption was obtained with the granular vermiculite washed in SDS solution. In order to enable the reuse of the mineral, further tests are needed to enhance desorption/adsorption efficiency.
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Fossil fuels are the main energy sources of the modern industrial age. Very sophisticated processes have been developed to extract these resources, due to increased demand on a global scale, as the extraction of oil. However, the complexity of these processes can cause accidents such as the release of oil to seas and oceans. In this context, this study proposes to carry out the implementation of a system of information to charts of environmental sensitivity to oil and prepare maps of vulnerability to oil for the city of Caraguatatuba-SP. The implementation of the database with geographical information of coastal environments was appropriate to be provided by the Internet, allowing wide access of data. The maps of vulnerability are important tool developed for the Individual Emergency Plans, because they were developed in operational scale, appropriate to actions to combat oil.
Abordagem multivariada na anlise de diversidade gentica em cruzamentos para alto teor de leo em soja
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The soybean crop is considered a high expression around the world. In plant breeding programs, knowledge of genetic diversity is extremely important and in this context, are frequently used multivariate analyzes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic divergence between soybean crosses through multivariate techniques. In total, 16 crosses were evaluated, which were in the F2 generation of inbreeding. The evaluated characteristics were plant height at maturity, height of the first pod, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of nodes per plant, hundred seed weight, grain yield and oil content. For the analyzes was used Euclidean distance, methods of hierarchical clustering UPGMA and Ward and principal component analysis. Genetic distances estimated using Euclidean distance ranged from 1.24 to 8.13, with the smallest distance observed between crosses C1 and C4, and the greatest distance between the C2 crosses and C6. The methods UPGMA clustering and Ward met crossings in five different groups. The principal component analysis explained 86.2% of the variance contained in the original eight variables with three main components. The APM characters, NV, NR, NN, PG% and oil were the main contributors to genetic divergence among traits. Multivariate techniques were crucial to the analysis of genetic diversity, and the methods of Ward and UPGMA clustering and principal components have consistent results in this way, the simultaneous use of these tools in genetic analysis of crosses is indicated
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Oil spills cause serious damage to the cost life and environments. Those impacts affect ecologic and socio-economic resources (like fishing and tourism). Within this background, response actions have two main objectives: the contaminant removal, with the less additional impacts, and enhance environment restoration in order to make this process complete in the shortest time possible. The present work proposes to contribute for the emergency environmental management in cases of oil spills by systematization of relevant information for oil spill environmental sensitivity maps. The next stage was to insert all these data on a geographic database, which allows data access by web. Beside that, this work aimed to recommend suitable clean-up techniques for the ecosystems located on the study area, composed by the municipalities: Praia Grande, Mongagu, Itanham and Perube, belonging to Baixada Santista and Iguape, Canania and Ilha Comprida, south cost of So Paulo state. This area is situated between two important Brazilian ports: Santos and Paranagu, and that make it under considerable accident risks. The results were all data inserted on the geodatabase and available to user recover the information by web consulting. With that, this work wishes to contribute to individual emergencial planning of the region.
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Ocimum basilicum L., popularmente conhecido como manjerico, uma planta pertencente Lamiaceae, cujo leo voltil possui diversas atividades biolgicas, tais como antifngica, antigiardase, antioxidante, antibacteriana, antileishmaniose, inseticida, dentre outras. constitudo principalmente por monoterpenos, sesquiterpenos e fenilpropanoides. A composio de metablitos secundrios nas plantas, dos quais os leos volteis fazem parte, pode sofrer influncia de diversos fatores. Neste trabalho, foi investigada a influncia das doenas virais no perfil dos leos volteis do manjerico. Para isso, sementes de Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Genovese foram semeadas e mantidas em casa de vegetao. Ao atingirem tamanho adequado (dois pares de folhas acima das cotiledonares), foram inoculadas com vrus no identificado, isolado de manjerico, alm do Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) e Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). O leo voltil de plantas sadias e infectadas foi extrado por hidrodestilao em aparelho de Clevenger e analisado em cromatgrafo gasoso acoplado ao espectrmetro de massas. Os cromatogramas revelaram a presena de metileugenol e - cresol,2,6-di-terci-butlico como principais componentes, sendo que a porcentagem de metileugenol diminuiu significativamente nas plantas infectadas com o vrus no identificado. Houve mudanas na composio do leo voltil, sendo alguns componentes encontrados apenas nas plantas sadias e outros somente nas infectadas
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The need to know and to preserve the coastal ecosystems is justified by the whole importance that those ecosystems have for our society. Then, it is big the concern in guaranteeing that those places stay free from contaminations. Among the several types of potentials pollutants that can affect the coastal systems, the petroleum-derived are the ones that cause the worst impacts, given the frequency of these accidents. Rapid actions are necessary in order to minimize the oil negative effects . This answer is faster when the most sensitive areas are known and when it presents characteristics of larger importance, as for instance, the presence of sea harvesting or the habitat of an endemic specie. Besides, it is necessary to know which cleanup methods are recommended and which are not recommended for the reached areas, so, the corrected emergency plans for each coastal environment can be applied. It is in this context that this project was developed, implementing a geographical database for the different coastal environment of So Sebastio municipality, SP, and also the data about the best cleanup techniques for each segment of the coast. This database was made available by the internet, enabling the access for several types of users.
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From the informations collected on the Commercial Football Club, the city of Ribeirao Preto, there was a case study in order to identify and describe the management model adopted by the club, to overcome the financial and administrative crisis. It was used as reference to analyze the concepts of social capital and historic capital, considered decisive for the choice of the management model adopted. In addition, we also used the proposals contained in sports management studies to identify the business model chosen by the Commercial Club Football Club. In the final considerations argued that the adopted model already includes some results, as the club qualified to participate the Series A-1 League football Paulista, one of the targets set by the new management of the club
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This present paper aims to identify the main response techniques for coastal and fluvial environments and analyze impacts on the application of these techniques. The literature review allowed us to understand since the establishment of first environmental sensitivity index map, in coastal and fluvial environment, until the possible impacts generated by the application of cleanup techniques in both environments. Studies related to freshwater environment are less common compared to coastal environment. For both environments the same techniques may be employed, as well as containment and recovery, or removal of oil in the affected areas. The most serious environmental impacts generated are due to the poor choice of technique to be applied or the lack of training of the cleaning crews. In Deepwater Horizon accident, Gulf of Mexico, 2010, application of dispersants, resulted in a mixture of oil and dispersing 52 times more toxic than the oil itself. In Brazil, the technique of vegetation removal by the cleaning staff in the accident on the river Guaec, 2004, resulted in unnecessary elimination of vegetation, increasing the volume of waste. It was concluded that the freshwater environment often suffer more impacts by applying the techniques, once is necessary to access the banks, which normally have more vegetation and organisms than shoreline of coastal environment
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Sabe-se que na atualidade, grande a preocupao da comunidade cientfica mundial, em relao resistncia microbiana frente s substncias convencionais, utilizadas indiscriminadamente, por isso, crescente a motivao da pesquisa bsica na bioprospeco de novas substncias, que apresentem atividade antimicrobiana e antifngica e que possam ser uma alternativa segura e eficaz contra esses microorganismos no tratamento das doenas causadas por eles. As dermatofitoses, por exemplo, so processos infecciosos de pele, plo e unhas que acometem muitas pessoas, de todas as faixas etrias, no mundo todo, provocando as chamadas tinhas ou tineas, denominadas corporis, pedis, cruris, capitis, unguium(onicomicose) e outras (dependendo o local do corpo onde esto), causadas pelo dermatfito filamentoso, Trichophyton rubrum. Estudos envolvendo este patgeno so cada vez mais importantes, devido ao aparecimento de linhagens resistentes aos medicamentos antifngicos disponveis no mercado, e ao comportamento invasivo deste agente em pacientes com o sistema imune comprometido. Porm, somente a descoberta de novas drogas no suficiente, preciso desenvolver produtos eficazes e seguros, que possam veicular essas substncias sem causar prejuzo ao paciente. Sendo assim, a proposta desse trabalho desenvolver uma emulso A/O, contendo leo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia (TTO), verificar sua estabilidade preliminar e caracteriz-la realizando o estudo reolgico da formulao, determinar a concentrao inibitria mnima (CIM) e a concentrao fungicida mnima (CFM) do TTO e averiguar a atividade antifngica in vitro da emulso frente ao T. rubrum, agente patognico ao qual se destina o uso do produto
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq)
