Primary Productivity Of The Retiing Zones In The Kadinamkulamestuary, South-West Coastof India

Retting.of coconut husk is one of the major problems of pollution in the estuaries (Kayals) of Kerala. This paper discusses the salient features associated with the variation in gross and net primary productivity values in the Kadinarnkularn Kayal based on lortnightlydala from twosclected stations frorn Octobcr1987 to September 1988.The gross primary productivity value in the surface water ranged from 0.06 to 0.29gC/m3/day at Station Iand from 0.06 to 1.49gC/rn3/dayatstation II. In the bottom wateritrangcdfrorn oto 0.21 gC/m2/ day at station I whereas that at station II from 0.03 to 1.41gC/m3j day. The net productivity in the surface water at station I varied from 0 to 024 gC/m Iday Whereas that atstation II varied from 0.02to 1.44gC/m3Iday.AI the bottomwaterilvaried from ato 0.19gC/m3/ day at station I and from 0.01 to 1.21gC/m3/day at station II. The monsoon period showed the highest mean seasonal value at stations I and II. The total depletion of dissolved oxygen giving rise to anoxic condition coupled with the production of large quantities of hydrogen sulphide was found to be detrimental to the gross and net productivity values in the retting zone

Performance of hybrid rebars as longitudinal reinforcement in normal strength concrete

A/though steel is most commonly used as a reinforcing material in concrete due to its competitive cost and favorable mechanical properties, the problem of corrosion of steel rebars leads to a reduction in life span of the structure and adds to maintenance costs. Many techniques have been developed in recent past to reduce corrosion (galvanizing, epoxy coating, etc.) but none of the solutions seem to be viable as an adequate solution to the corrosion problem. Apart from the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars, hybrid rebars consisting of both FRP and steel are also being tried to overcome the problem of steel corrosion. This paper evaluates the performance of hybrid rebars as longitudinal reinforcement in normal strength concrete beams. Hybrid rebars used in this study essentially consist of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) strands of 2 mm diameter wound helically on a mild steel core of 6 mm diameter. GFRP stirrups have been used as shear reinforcement. An attempt has been made to evaluate the flexural and shear performance of beams having hybrid rebars in normal strength concrete with and without polypropylene fibers added to the concrete matrix

Core sediment biogeochemistry in specific zones of Cochin Estuarine System (CES)

Geochemical composition is a set of data for predicting the climatic condition existing in an ecosystem. Both the surficial and core sediment geochemistry are helpful in monitoring, assessing and evaluating the marine environment. The aim of the research work is to assess the relationship between the biogeochemical constituents in the Cochin Estuarine System (CES), their modifications after a long period of anoxia and also to identify the various processes which control the sediment composition in this region, through a multivariate statistical approach. Therefore the study of present core sediment geochemistry has a critical role in unraveling the benchmark of their characterization. Sediment cores from four prominent zones of CES were examined for various biogeochemical aspects. The results have served as rejuvenating records for the prediction of core sediment status prevailing in the CES

Seismic behavior of capacity designed masonry walls in low seismicity regions

Eurocode 8 representing a new generation of structural design codes in Europe defines ‎requirements for the design of buildings against earthquake action. In Central and ‎Western Europe, the newly defined earthquake zones and corresponding design ground ‎acceleration values, will lead in many cases to earthquake actions which are remarkably ‎higher than those defined so far by the design codes used until now in Central Europe. ‎ In many cases, the weak points of masonry structures during an earthquake are the corner ‎regions of the walls. Loading of masonry walls by earthquake action leads in most cases ‎to high shear forces. The corresponding bending moment in such a wall typically causes a ‎significant increase of the eccentricity of the normal force in the critical wall cross ‎section. This in turn leads ultimately to a reduction of the size of the compression zone in ‎unreinforced walls and a high concentration of normal stresses and shear stresses in the ‎corner regions. ‎ Corner-Gap-Elements, consisting of a bearing beam located underneath the wall and ‎made of a sufficiently strong material (such as reinforced concrete), reduce the effect of ‎the eccentricity of the normal force and thus restricts the pinching effect of the ‎compression zone. In fact, the deformation can be concentrated in the joint below the ‎bearing beam. According to the principles of the Capacity Design philosophy, the ‎masonry itself is protected from high stresses as a potential cause of brittle failure. ‎ Shaking table tests at the NTU Athens Earthquake Engineering Laboratory have proven ‎the effectiveness of the Corner-Gap-Element. The following presentation will cover the ‎evaluation of various experimental results as well as a numerical modeling of the ‎observed phenomena.‎

Neuartige Verfahren für die Überwachung und Diagnose von aktiv magnetgelagerten rotierenden Maschinen

Mit aktiven Magnetlagern ist es möglich, rotierende Körper durch magnetische Felder berührungsfrei zu lagern. Systembedingt sind bei aktiv magnetgelagerten Maschinen wesentliche Signale ohne zusätzlichen Aufwand an Messtechnik für Diagnoseaufgaben verfügbar. In der Arbeit wird ein Konzept entwickelt, das durch Verwendung der systeminhärenten Signale eine Diagnose magnetgelagerter rotierender Maschinen ermöglicht und somit neben einer kontinuierlichen Anlagenüberwachung eine schnelle Bewertung des Anlagenzustandes gestattet. Fehler können rechtzeitig und ursächlich in Art und Größe erkannt und entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen eingeleitet werden. Anhand der erfassten Signale geschieht die Gewinnung von Merkmalen mit signal- und modellgestützten Verfahren. Für den Magnetlagerregelkreis erfolgen Untersuchungen zum Einsatz modellgestützter Parameteridentifikationsverfahren, deren Verwendbarkeit wird bei der Diagnose am Regler und Leistungsverstärker nachgewiesen. Unter Nutzung von Simulationsmodellen sowie durch Experimente an Versuchsständen werden die Merkmalsverläufe im normalen Referenzzustand und bei auftretenden Fehlern aufgenommen und die Ergebnisse in einer Wissensbasis abgelegt. Diese dient als Grundlage zur Festlegung von Grenzwerten und Regeln für die Überwachung des Systems und zur Erstellung wissensbasierter Diagnosemodelle. Bei der Überwachung werden die Merkmalsausprägungen auf das Überschreiten von Grenzwerten überprüft, Informationen über erkannte Fehler und Betriebszustände gebildet sowie gegebenenfalls Alarmmeldungen ausgegeben. Sich langsam anbahnende Fehler können durch die Berechnung der Merkmalstrends mit Hilfe der Regressionsanalyse erkannt werden. Über die bisher bei aktiven Magnetlagern übliche Überwachung von Grenzwerten hinaus erfolgt bei der Fehlerdiagnose eine Verknüpfung der extrahierten Merkmale zur Identifizierung und Lokalisierung auftretender Fehler. Die Diagnose geschieht mittels regelbasierter Fuzzy-Logik, dies gestattet die Einbeziehung von linguistischen Aussagen in Form von Expertenwissen sowie die Berücksichtigung von Unbestimmtheiten und ermöglicht damit eine Diagnose komplexer Systeme. Für Aktor-, Sensor- und Reglerfehler im Magnetlagerregelkreis sowie Fehler durch externe Kräfte und Unwuchten werden Diagnosemodelle erstellt und verifiziert. Es erfolgt der Nachweis, dass das entwickelte Diagnosekonzept mit beherrschbarem Rechenaufwand korrekte Diagnoseaussagen liefert. Durch Kaskadierung von Fuzzy-Logik-Modulen wird die Transparenz des Regelwerks gewahrt und die Abarbeitung der Regeln optimiert. Endresultat ist ein neuartiges hybrides Diagnosekonzept, welches signal- und modellgestützte Verfahren der Merkmalsgewinnung mit wissensbasierten Methoden der Fehlerdiagnose kombiniert. Das entwickelte Diagnosekonzept ist für die Anpassung an unterschiedliche Anforderungen und Anwendungen bei rotierenden Maschinen konzipiert.

Fliesslochformen und Gewindefurchen in dünne Bleche und Rohre aus Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen

This thesis in Thermal Flow Drilling and Flowtap in thin metal sheet and pipes of copper and copper alloys had as objectives to know the comportment of copper and copper alloys sheet metal during the Thermal Flow Drill processes with normal tools, to know the best Speed and Feed machine data for the best bushing quality, to known the best Speed for Form Tapping processes and to know the best bush long in pure copper pipes for water solar interchange equipment. Thermal Flow Drilling (TFD) and Form Tapping (FT) is one of the research lines of the Institute of Production and Logistics (IPL) at University of Kassel. At December 1995, a work meeting of IPL, Santa Catarina University, Brazil, Buenos Aires University, Argentine, Tarapacá University (UTA), Chile members and the CEO of Flowdrill B.V. was held in Brazil. The group decided that the Manufacturing Laboratory (ML) of UTA would work with pure copper and brass alloys sheet metal and pure copper pipes in order to develop a water interchange solar heater. The Flowdrill BV Company sent tools to Tarapacá University in 1996. In 1999 IPL and the ML carried out an ALECHILE research project promoted by the DAAD and CONICyT in copper sheet metal and copper pipes and sheet metal a-brass alloys. The normal tools are lobed, conical tungsten carbide tool. When rotated at high speed and pressed with high axial force into sheet metal or thin walled tube generated heat softens the metal and allows the drill to feed forward produce a hole and simultaneously form a bushing from the displacement material. In the market exist many features but in this thesis is used short and longs normal tools of TFD. For reach the objectives it was takes as references four qualities of the frayed end bushing, where the best one is the quality class I. It was used pure copper and a-brass alloys sheet metals, with different thickness. It was used different TFD drills diameter for four thread type, from M-5 to M10. Similar to the Aluminium sheet metals studies it was used the predrilling processes with HSS drills around 30% of the TFD diameter (1,5 – 3,0 mm D). In the next step is used only 2,0 mm thick metal sheet, and 9,2 mm TFD diameter for M-10 thread. For the case of pure commercial copper pipes is used for ¾” inch diameter and 12, 8 mm (3/8”) TFD drill for holes for 3/8” pipes and different normal HSS drills for predrilling processes. The chemical sheet metal characteristics were takes as reference for the material behaviour. The Chilean pure copper have 99,35% of Cu and 0,163% of Zinc and the Chilean a-brass alloys have 75,6% of Cu and 24,0% of Zinc. It is used two German a-brass alloys; Nº1 have 61,6% of Cu, 36,03 % of Zinc and 2,2% of Pb and the German a-brass alloys Nº2 have 63,1% of Cu, 36,7% of Zinc and 0% of Pb. The equipments used were a HAAS CNC milling machine centre, a Kistler dynamometer, PC Pentium II, Acquisition card, TESTPOINT and XAct software, 3D measurement machine, micro hardness, universal test machine, and metallographic microscope. During the test is obtained the feed force and momentum curves that shows the material behaviour with TFD processes. In general it is take three phases. It was possible obtain the best machining data for the different sheet of copper and a-brass alloys thick of Chilean materials and bush quality class I. In the case of a-brass alloys, the chemical components and the TFD processes temperature have big influence. The temperature reach to 400º Celsius during the TFD processes and the a-brass alloys have some percents of Zinc the bush quality is class I. But when the a-brass alloys have some percents of Lead who have 200º C melting point is not possible to obtain a bush, because the Lead gasify and the metallographic net broke. During the TFD processes the recrystallization structures occur around the Copper and a-brass alloy bush, who gives more hardness in these zones. When the threads were produce with Form Tapping processes with Flowtap tools, this hardness amount gives a high limit load of the thread when hey are tested in a special support that was developed for it. For eliminated the predrilling processes with normal HSS drills it was developed a compound tool. With this new tool it was possible obtain the best machining data for quality class I bush. For the copper pipes it is made bush without predrilling and the quality class IV was obtained. When it is was used predrilling processes, quality classes I bush were obtained. Then with different HSS drill diameter were obtained different long bush, where were soldering with four types soldering materials between pipes with 3/8” in a big one as ¾”. Those soldering unions were tested by traction test and all the 3/8” pipes broken, and the soldering zone doesn’t have any problem. Finally were developed different solar water interchange heaters and tested. As conclusions, the present Thesis shows that the Thermal Flow Drilling in thinner metal sheets of cooper and cooper alloys needs a predrilling process for frayed end quality class I bushings, similar to thinner sheets of aluminium bushes. The compound tool developed could obtain quality class I bushings and excludes predrilling processes. The bush recrystalization, product of the friction between the tool and the material, the hardness grows and it is advantageous for the Form Tapping. The methodology developed for commercial copper pipes permits to built water solar interchange heaters.

The role of ligneous vegetation for livestock nutrition in the sub-Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa: Potential effects of climate change

Climate change and variability in sub-Saharan West Africa is expected to have negative consequences for crop and livestock farming due to the strong dependence of these sectors on rainfall and natural resources, and the low adaptive capacity of crops farmers, agro-pastoralist and pastoralists in the region. The objective of this PhD research was to investigate the anticipated impacts of expected future climate change and variability on nutrition and grazing management of livestock in the prevailing extensive agro-pastoral and pastoral systems of the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of Burkina Faso. To achieve this, three studies were undertaken in selected village territories (100 km² each) in the southern Sahelian (Taffogo), northern Sudanian (Nobere, Safane) and southern Sudanian (Sokouraba) zone of the country during 2009 and 2010. The choice of two villages in the northern Sudanian zone was guided by the dichotomy between intense agricultural land use and high population density near Safane, and lower agricultural land use in the tampon zone between the village of Nobere and the National Park Kaboré Tambi of Pô. Using global positioning and geographical information systems tools, the spatio-temporal variation in the use of grazing areas by cattle, sheep and goats, and in their foraging behaviour in the four villages was assessed by monitoring three herds each per species during a one-year cycle (Chapter 2). Maximum itinerary lengths (km/d) were observed in the hot dry season (March-May); they were longer for sheep (18.8) and cattle (17.4) than for goats (10.5, p<0.05). Daily total grazing time spent on pasture ranged from 6 - 11 h with cattle staying longer on pasture than small ruminants (p<0.05). Feeding time accounted for 52% - 72% of daily time on pasture, irrespective of species. Herds spent longer time on pasture and walked farther distances in the southern Sahelian than the two Sudanian zones (p<0.01), while daily feeding time was longer in the southern Sudanian than in the other two zones (p>0.05). Proportional time spent resting decreased from the rainy (June - October) to the cool (November - February) and hot dry season (p<0.05), while in parallel the proportion of walking time increased. Feeding time of all species was to a significantly high proportion spent on wooded land (tree crown cover 5-10%, or shrub cover >10%) in the southern Sahelian zone, and on forest land (tree crown cover >10%) in the two Sudanian zones, irrespective of season. It is concluded that with the expansion of cropland in the whole region, remaining islands of wooded land, including also fields fallowed for three or more years with their considerable shrub cover, are particularly valuable pasturing areas for ruminant stock. Measures must be taken that counteract the shrinking of wooded land and forests across the whole region, including also active protection and (re)establishment of drought-tolerant fodder trees. Observation of the selection behaviour of the above herds of cattle and small ruminant as far as browse species were concerned, and interviews with 75 of Fulani livestock keepers on use of browse as feed by their ruminant stock and as remedies for animal disease treatment was undertaken (Chapter 3) in order to evaluate the consequence of climate change for the contribution of browse to livestock nutrition and animal health in the extensive grazing-based livestock systems. The results indicated that grazing cattle and small ruminants do make considerable use of browse species on pasture across the studied agro-ecological zones. Goats spent more time (p<0.01) feeding on browse species than sheep and cattle, which spent a low to moderate proportion of their feeding time on browsing in any of the study sites. As far as the agro-ecological zones were concerned, the contribution of browse species to livestock nutrition was more important in the southern Sahelian and northern Sudanian zone than the southern Sudanian zone, and this contribution is higher during the cold and hot dry season than during the rainy season. A total of 75 browse species were selected on pasture year around, whereby cattle strongly preferred Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Piliostigma sp., while sheep and goats primarily fed on Balanites aegyptiaca, Ziziphus mauritiana and Acacia sp. Crude protein concentration (in DM) of pods or fruits of the most important browse species selected by goats, sheep and cattle ranged from 7% to 13% for pods, and from 10% to 18% for foliage. The concentration of digestible organic matter of preferred browse species mostly ranged from 40% to 60%, and the concentrations of total phenols, condensed tannins and acid detergent lignin were low. Linear regression analyses showed that browse preference on pasture is strongly related to its contents (% of DM) of CP, ADF, NDF and OM digestibility. Interviewed livestock keepers reported that browse species are increasingly use by their grazing animals, while for animal health care use of tree- and shrub-based remedies decreased over the last two decades. It is concluded that due to climate change with expected negative impact on the productivity of the herbaceous layer of communal pastures browse fodder will gain in importance for animal nutrition. Therefore re-establishment and dissemination of locally adapted browse species preferred by ruminants is needed to increase the nutritional situation of ruminant stock in the region and contribute to species diversity and soil fertility restoration in degraded pasture areas. In Chapter 4 a combination of household surveys and participatory research approaches was used in the four villages, and additionally in the village of Zogoré (southern Sahelian zone) and of Karangasso Vigué (northern Sudanian zone) to investigate pastoralists’ (n= 76) and agro-pastoralists’ (n= 83) perception of climate change, and their adaptation strategies in crop and livestock production at farm level. Across the three agro-ecological zones, the majority of the interviewees perceived an increase in maximum day temperatures and decrease of total annual rainfall over the last two decades. Perceptions of change in climate patterns were in line with meteorological data for increased temperatures while for total rainfall farmers’ views contrasted the rainfall records which showed a slight increase of precipitation. According to all interviewees climate change and variability have negative impacts on their crop and animal husbandry, and most of them already adopted some coping and adaptation strategies at farm level to secure their livelihoods and reduce negative impacts on their farming system. Although these strategies are valuable and can help crop and livestock farmers to cope with the recurrent droughts and climate variability, they are not effective against expected extreme climate events. Governmental and non-governmental organisations should develop effective policies and strategies at local, regional and national level to support farmers in their endeavours to cope with climate change phenomena; measures should be site-specific and take into account farmers’ experiences and strategies already in place.

Home gardens and Dioscorea species – A case study from the climatic zones of Sri Lanka

Home gardens are considered as vital units for enhancing food security particularly in developing nations of South Asia, such as Sri Lanka. Although the yam crop Dioscorea spp. constitute a popular but still minor component in Sri Lankan home gardens, they have the potential of producing large quantities of edible material with minimal inputs. However, their real value in South Asian home gardens is not yet reported. Hence, this study was carried out to get insights into home garden characteristics, gardener demography as well as current management practices within 300 Sri Lankan home garden systems that are located along a climatic gradient. By using interviews and field observations, gardeners, who cultivated in particular Dioscorea species, were studied within 10 of the 25 administrative districts distributed in the wet, intermediate and dry climatic zone of Sri Lanka. Furthermore, current management practices of yams cultivation were analyzed on local scale and compared afterwards with management recommendations published in the year 2006 by the Department of Agriculture. Dioscorea species were found in a majority of home gardens, especially in wet and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka. D. alata was the most prominent species and was managed at a subsistence level and not as per recommendations developed by the Department of Agriculture. Our results revealed that Dioscorea alata is an essential component of Sri Lankan home gardens in rural areas and can yield substantial quantities of edible tubers with low input, especially during times of food scarcities, and has therefore the potential to enhance food security and rural development.

Stereo-Based Head Pose Tracking Using Iterative Closest Point and Normal Flow Constraint

In this text, we present two stereo-based head tracking techniques along with a fast 3D model acquisition system. The first tracking technique is a robust implementation of stereo-based head tracking designed for interactive environments with uncontrolled lighting. We integrate fast face detection and drift reduction algorithms with a gradient-based stereo rigid motion tracking technique. Our system can automatically segment and track a user's head under large rotation and illumination variations. Precision and usability of this approach are compared with previous tracking methods for cursor control and target selection in both desktop and interactive room environments. The second tracking technique is designed to improve the robustness of head pose tracking for fast movements. Our iterative hybrid tracker combines constraints from the ICP (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm and normal flow constraint. This new technique is more precise for small movements and noisy depth than ICP alone, and more robust for large movements than the normal flow constraint alone. We present experiments which test the accuracy of our approach on sequences of real and synthetic stereo images. The 3D model acquisition system we present quickly aligns intensity and depth images, and reconstructs a textured 3D mesh. 3D views are registered with shape alignment based on our iterative hybrid tracker. We reconstruct the 3D model using a new Cubic Ray Projection merging algorithm which takes advantage of a novel data structure: the linked voxel space. We present experiments to test the accuracy of our approach on 3D face modelling using real-time stereo images.

Historia de la Escuela Normal Femenina en Asturias (1859-1931).

Dilucidar el papel que la ENF ha desempeñado en la transformación cultural de Asturias y, especialmente, sobre las mujeres de la comunidad asturiana. Génesis, desarrollo y configuración de la Escuela Normal Femenina de Asturias. Esta investigación se divide en tres bloques. En el primero se analizan aspectos biofísicos, vitales y culturales del pueblo asturiano y medios educativos que ofrecía a la mujer. En el segundo se reflexiona sobre las dificultades coyunturales que condicionan la génesis y cierre de la escuela y su posterior reapertura, así como sobre las finalidades políticas que se perseguían con su creación. En el tercero se analizan elementos del modelo pedagógico utilizado por la ENF: objetivos, contenidos de enseñanza, recursos instrumentales y elementos materiales, personales y funcionales. Fondos documentales de los archivos de la Escuela Normal. Actas de los plenos de la Diputación Provincial y del Ayuntamiento. Boletín Oficial de Oviedo. Legislación referida a las Escuelas Normales. Enfoque metodológico desde una perspectiva global y contextual. Recurre a un modelo integral, partiendo de un enfoque de tipo sistémico. La evolución histórica de la ENF de Asturias debe ser analizada en tres grandes etapas. La primera (1872-1900) se caracterizó por: estar subordinada a la Normal de Maestros, tener una infraestructura inadecuada, carecer de los medios pedagógicos elementales, presentar una mayor preocupación por consolidar las técnicas instrumentales de aprendizaje que por ofrecer una cultura amplia y profunda. La segunda etapa (1900-1907) se caracterizó por: elevar el nivel cultural de las alumnas, iniciar una mejora en el equipamiento de medios y dar comienzo a un formación científico-técnica. La tercera etapa (1908-1931) se caracterizó por: aumentar el número de alumnas, mejorar el equipamento de bienes muebles e inmuebles, unificar los estudios para evitar la discriminación entre las alumnas de estudios elementales y superiores. Esta fue la etapa más conflictiva de todas ya que se rompió el clima democrático de la Escuela, se entorpecieron las relaciones entre el profesorado de ambas Normales, se dividió al profesorado de la propia Escuela y se produjeron escándalos tanto a nivel regional como nacional, estableciéndose un régimen totalitario. Desde una perspectiva conservadora, su labor se puede considerar positiva ya que favoreció y fomentó la perpetuación, reproducción y mantenimiento de los roles atribuidos tradicionalmente a la mujer. Desde una perspectiva más liberal y progresista su labor fue totalmente negativa ya que no sólo no favoreció, sino que entorpeció el desarrollo personal de las alumnas tanto bajo el punto de vista de su propia configuración personal como de su propia emancipación.

Aprendizajes terminales del ciclo inicial de la EGB en el área de lenguaje en alumnos con promoción normal y retardada : objetividad y subjetividad de las evaluaciones.

1. Conocer el nivel de dominio en el área de lenguaje del alumnado con promoción al ciclo medio en dos años. 2. Idem del alumnado con promoción retardada. 3. Comparar el nivel en los dos grupos. 4. Determinar la significación estadística de las diferencias. 5. Plantear los propósitos de los objetivos 3 y 4 con los subgrupos derivados del grupo de promoción normal a partir de la intensidad de la calificación global del ciclo inicial. 6. Comparar el nivel de dominio de ambos grupos. 7. Buscar la evidencia empírica de que el alumnado con promoción retardada iguala, a un nivel mínimo de exigencia, al de promoción normal. 8. Describir y comparar si las diferencias se mantienen a pesar de la recuperación efectuada con los segundos. 9. Comparar la opinión del profesorado. 10. Plantear propósitos para los objetivos 8 y 9. 11. Comprobar otros criterios de diferenciación entre los grupos y-o subgrupos.. 170 niños y niñas de tercero de EGB divididos en dos grupos: los que han promocionado a tercero en dos cursos y los que han permanecido un año más en el ciclo inicial.. Variable agrupamiento: grupo 1 promoción en 2 años y grupo 2 promoción en 3 años. Variable rendimiento: prueba criterial del área de lenguaje, calificación global del ciclo inicial, calificación final del ciclo inicial en el área de Lenguaje y Matemáticas y rendimiento a juicio del profesor. Variable aptitud: aptitud verbal y capacidad. Variable ajuste escolar: ajuste objetivo, semiobjetivo y subjetivo. Variable comportamiento. Variable dislexia.. Prueba de evaluación criterial del área de Lenguaje en el ciclo inicial de la EGB, Test de Aptitudes Escolares TEA, cuestionario 'ad hoc', prueba 'dislexia 3' de Manuela Peña Alonso.. Análisis descriptivo del rendimiento académico, aptitud del alumno y capacidad a juicio del profesor; análisis correlacional para ver la relación e interacción entre los indicadores rendimiento objetivo y semiobjetivo, capacidad objetiva, problemas de lectoescritura y ortografía; análisis comparativo trabajando con muestras relacionadas y con muestras independientes.. En las muestras relacionadas se observan diferencias significativas al comparar las medias del indicador del rendimiento objetivo con el rendimiento subjetivo de los alumnos repetidores, al comparar el rendimiento objetivo con el semiobjetivo de los alumnos de promoción en dos años y al comparar su rendimiento objetivo con el juicio del profesor sobre su capacidad. En las muestras independientes se observan diferencias significativas en el rendimiento objetivo entre los grupos que promocionan en dos y más años, y lo mismo ocurre en cuanto al rendimiento semiobjetivo y subjetivo, las aptitudes escolares y los problemas de lectoescritura..

Evaluación del plan de estudios de 1914 y su significado en la formación de maestros de la Escuela Normal de Oviedo.

Analizar el plan de estudios de 1914 y enumerar las aportaciones más relevantes. Objetivos específicos: 1. Analizar la situación histórica, social y educativa de España, valorando en este contexto el plan de estudios. 2. Innovaciones del plan de 1914, en cuanto a si quedan recogidos los principios de la ILE y los de congresos pedagógicos habidos con anterioridad. 3. Significado del plan de 1914 en la Escuela Normal de Maestros de Oviedo, a través de un análisis valorativo del edificio, profesorado y alumnado.. Acontecer histórico de las escuelas normales desde la aprobación y puesta en práctica del 'plan de 1914' hasta su derogación con la aprobación del 'plan de 1931'.. Primera parte: estudio del contexto histórico, social y educativo del primer tercio de siglo XX. Segunda parte: se analiza el plan de estudios, contemplando también un estudio reflexivo de la Escuela Superior de Magisterio. Tercera parte: estudio del gobierno y régimen interno de la Escuela Normal masculina. Otro aspecto analizado ha sido un breve recorrido por la concurrencia de alumnado a los centros de formación de maestros durante el período de estudio, fijándose en las características que presentan estos contingentes de alumnado.. Actas y archivos de la Escuela Normal. Archivo General de la Administración. Actas de los plenos de la Diputacion Provincial y Ayuntamiento. Boletín Oficial de Oviedo.. El plan de 1914 perseguía tres grandes objetivos: 1. Supresión definitiva del Certificado de Aptitud; 2. Concesión de un solo título de maestro; 3. Gran importancia y peso de las asignaturas de ciencias sociales. A partir de su aprobación, las escuelas normales inician una nueva andadura, con una enorme escasez de materiales científicos y una deficiente infraestructura de edificios. Aunque el primer problema se iría paliando a través de la creación del Instituto de material cientifico, no sucedió lo mismo con la estructura física de los locales. Los profesores de esta Normal constituían el grupo renovador, desarrollando una interesante labor en su actividad docente individual dentro de la escuela, introduciendo algunas innovaciones metodológicas dispersas, estando al tanto de la bibliografía científica y cultural y preocupándose por la existencia de material científico y cultural. Esta reforma de las escuelas normales iniciada en 1914, se encontró con muchos problemas que impidieron su desarrollo de un modo completo como: falta de respuesta de la administración a las demandas de renovación y a las reivindicaciones corporativas de los docentes normalistas y parquedad en las dotaciones económicas que llegó a alcanzar mínimos alarmantes.. En el preámbulo de la citada ley, se hacía una declaración de principios, que resultaban innovadores e importantes, pero que no se llevaron a la práctica..

Estudi i propostes de gestió de les zones humides dels Estanys de Basturs

Estudi del medi abiòtic i biòtic dels estanys de Basturs (Conca del riu Tremp) a partir del qual s'han elaborat diverses propostes de gestió dirigides a una millora de la conservació les zones humides

La escuela normal masculina de Oviedo y su incidencia en la formación de maestros (1900-1940).

Investigar si la Escuela Normal de Oviedo estuvo interrelacionada con las diversas actividades y dimensiones de la región a lo largo del periodo estudiado, establecer el desarrollo y evolución de las Escuelas Normales y en concreto la de Oviedo, establecer las etapas clave en esas instituciones, estudiar la calidad y credibilidad interna de la Escuela Normal de Oviedo, valorar el significado contextual de dicha institución en la sociedad asturiana y por último dilucidar si la Escuela Normal se vió afectada por los progresos, crisis y sucesos de la sociedad. Se analiza en primer lugar el Contexto Educativo y en concreto los antecedentes y las disposiciones legales que rigieron en la época, para pasar posteriormente a analizar la institución de la Escuela Normal Masculina de Oviedo. Se hace un estudio del edificio, el profesorado, los alumnos, los medios pedagógicos y la escuela de prácticas de niños aneja a la normal. Por último se hace un estudio sobre los aspectos significativos de las Ciencias Sociales en la formación humanística del maestro a través de los planes de estudio. Fuentes documentales del Archivo del Ayuntamiento de Oviedo, de la Diputación Provincial de Oviedo, de la Escuela Normal de Oviedo y del Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares, fuentes impresas, publicaciones periódicas de la época y bibliografía general y específica sobre Asturias. Tablas, planos, mapas y fotografías. La Escuela Normal desempeñó una labor positiva en la formación del profesorado a pesar de los condicionamientos internos y externos y además llevó a cabo lo que hoy se denomina formación permanente del profesorado.