Evolução e sazonalidade climática das doenças cardiovasculares e respiratórias em Passa Quatro-MG

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a morbi-mortalidade por doenças do aparelho respiratório e circulatório na população de Passa Quatro - MG, descrevendo o comportamento das internações e dos óbitos segundo os tipos de agravos, o sexo e a faixa etária. As informações, que serviram de base para o estudo, foram obtidas através das Autorizações de Internações Hospitalares do SUS – Ministério da Saúde (DATASUS). Observou-se que as doenças cardiovasculares, no geral, levaram a mais internações e óbitos, sendo a população feminina a mais afetada. Houve um decréscimo no número de internações por pneumonia, e aumento nos casos de DPOC em mulheres. As internações por doenças respiratórias apresentaram um padrão sazonal mais marcante, principalmente pneumonia e asma

Levantamento de diferentes técnicas de controle de cupins subterrâneos (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) em áreas urbanas e rurais

Os cupins são conhecidos também como térmitas ou térmites, formam um grupo extenso e diverso e, atualmente, há mais de 2.800 espécies descritas que se distribuem em sete famílias. Pertencentes à ordem Isoptera, os térmitas são insetos eussociais que apresentam uma organização social altamente desenvolvida e vivem em ninhos denominados de cupinzeiros, geralmente, construídos no solo. Os cupinzeiros podem ser bem resistentes e estruturalmente complexos, e neles são encontrados indivíduos morfologicamente distintos adaptados a determinadas funções que constituem as diferentes castas (reprodutores, operários e soldados), além de indivíduos imaturos (“ninfas” e “larvas”) e ovos. A presença dos cupins nos ecossistemas é de extrema importância em diversos e diferentes processos. Em linhas gerais, os cupins são bastante importantes como decompositores de matéria orgânica fragmentando os detritos orgânicos, são mediadores da humificação, participam da ligação e formação de agregados e complexos minerais argilosos, e também atuam na fixação do nitrogênio, pois seus simbiontes têm a capacidade de fixar o gás nitrogênio da atmosfera, contribuindo, dessa forma, com a fertilidade do solo. Contudo, os cupins são bem conhecidos porque causam prejuízos enormes, ou seja, pelo potencial como pragas, danificando diversos tipos de materiais celulósicos e não celulósicos, além de edificações, monumentos, plantações, etc. Os cupins subterrâneos são os que causam maiores problemas, pois possuem grande capacidade de dispersão e são animais, que devido aos hábitos crípticos, têm o estudo e o controle dificultado. Além disso, estão entre os insetos mais abundantes, sendo a maioria pertencente à família Rhinotermitidae. O controle de cupins subterrâneos é um controle diferenciado, já que possuem o ninho sob o solo e com um grande número de indivíduos. A eliminação de uma parte da colônia muitas...

Aspectos Nutricionais na Doença Renal Crônica em Cães

It is understood by Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) or Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) the morbid state in which there is a substantial and irreversible loss of functional capacity, metabolic and endocrine function in both kidneys, leading to a framework of dehydration, azotemia, electrolyte imbalance, anemia, uremic syndrome, secondary hyperparathyroidism, among other conditions that make the patient's life without treatment unfeasible. An adequate nutritional support to patients with CKD at any stage aims to maintain a good clinical condition and an attempt to delay the progression of the disease. The basis of a diet for patients with CKD is the restriction in this protein being of high biological value, low-phosphorus, high energy density, fiber and antioxidants combined with a good dietary practices that allow the patient a good quality of life

Biologia populacional de Uca leptodactylus e Uca uruguayensis (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) em uma área estuarina no litoral sul paulista

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Neuróbica, ginástica para o cérebro: levantamento do atual estado da arte deste tema

This paper presents a brief review of theoretical studies on the stimulation and brain development. We also addressed questions about its plasticity, its influence on learning and behavior of the individual in interaction with the environment. Studies clearly show that the brain does not go into decline as we age. In this sense, a new discovery in neuroscience has revealed that the brain maintains the ability to grow and change the pattern of its connections to death. Findings such as these form the basis of neurobics. Demonstrating the importance of a relevant application of appropriate stimuli to change the morphology and function of neurons, the technique can be applied in different ways, ie, clinical, behavioral and neurological. Furthermore it can be applied during all phases of human development

Proposição de um checklist de acompanhamento de processos construtivos habitacionais em wood-frame

The need for housing in Brazil is very large, and despite government efforts to address this issue, the housing deficit is too large. When analyzing markets without this problem, it is concluded that one of the factors that influence this model is the construction adopted by Brazilian society that is in masonry. Alternatively, the system can be used in constructive Wood-frame. To apply this system in Brazil, one can say that the workmanship and the materials available to meet the demand would be created in a short period of adjustments and capabilities, but identifies himself as one of the biggest problems the planning and management of works. And one of the tools for solving this problem is to use a checklist of the activities of constructive process, avoiding forgetting or not aware of the activities necessary to complete the project

Avaliação da produtividade em áreas de campo sujo com diferentes históricos de fogo

Fire is a common event in different ecosystems and can both be caused by humans or have natural sources.. In many of these ecosystems, natural fires are an important factor that determines the vegetation. The reduction of tree cover by fire for example, resulted in the evolution of several species-rich ecosystems, dominated by C4 grasses. However, the fire caused by human actions may have greater intensity and lead to negative responses of vegetation, since man changed the fire regime in many parts of the world, such as in the Cerrado. The passage of fire can benefit herbaceous and woody seedlings that cannot compete with the dominant grass layer. It removes the dead biomass and litter (major components of the fuel load), opening up spaces within the grass matrix that allow the establishment of other species. After some time without fire, an increase in shrub cover and decrease herbaceous layer can be observed. One of the major consequences of the absence of fire in savanna and grassland ecosystems is the accumulation of flammable dead biomass (mainly composed of graminoids), which will probably be the fuel load of the next burning thus, fires will be more intense and hotter. Moreover, very frequent burns lead to a reduction in the frequency and density of grasses. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the quantity and quality of biomass in areas with different fire history (fire exclusion for 2 and 7 years) in areas of campo sujo in central Cerrado. Plots (1x1m) were established in both areas and all aboveground biomass of each plot was cut at ground level and put in paper bags in the field. In the laboratory, the material was sorted into live and dead biomass. In addition, live biomass was separated into different functional groups (graminoids, forbs, Vellozia spp, palm and shrubs). The material was oven dried for two days at 80°C and subsequently weighed. In both areas, we found a dominance of graminoid and dead biomass. The area...

Avaliação da influência do estresse em modelo experimental de colite por administração de Ácido Trinitrobenzenosulfônico (TNBS) em concentração subinflamatória

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing disease caused by exaggerated response of the immune system. It represents a significant health problem by limiting the quality of life and being the main risk factor for colorectal cancer. Despite of its importance, the high worldwide incidence and being the object of research for several decades, the etiology remains unknown. Studies indicates an interaction between genetic and environmental factors which together with the intestinal microbiota, leads to an uncontrolled immune response. One of the aggravating environmental factors often discussed is stress, as the daily life of the population in general is increasingly rushed. In order to demonstrate the influence of stress on IBD, this study aimed to standardize an experimental model of colitis induced by instillation of a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) noninflammatory concentration plus exposure to stress that intensify the inflammation. Therefore, an experiment was done to determine what would be the noninflammatory concentration. In this step, four different concentrations of TNBS (1, 6, 12.5 or 40mg/ml) were tested and the lowest concentration capable of inducing a noninflammatory response in the gut was defined as 1 mg/ml. Then, a second experiment was performed which induced colitis and exposed the animals to restraint stress. The results, however, showed that this stimulus was not enough to exacerbate the damage caused by the 1 mg/ml concentration of TNBS in the colon. With some changes in the protocol, the third experiment associated cold and restraint, as well as changes on the day of euthanasia, which occurred immediately after the stress session. The results of myeloperoxidase activity measurement were unexpected due to the noninflammatory concentration of TNBS caused an intestinal inflammation similar to the concentration of 40 mg/ml. However, the results of glutathione quantification and the corticosterone ...

A desterritorialização da redação no jornalismo contemporâneo

The displacement of writing emerged in urban centers due to its investment in technology and has been developed in major newspapers around the world. With the advent of the internet and technological development, the writing went from analog to digital. That made it no longer required the presence of the journalist in the physical redaction means modifying the various management structures of a writing routine and professional. This happened to capture, edit and distribute your notes, news and reports in online mode. This monograph aims to understand and define the macro change of virtualization in journalism, considering the stages of production of Le Monde Diplomatique, a newspaper whose writing is in process of deterritorialization, the people involved in this activity and the resources used and contributing to the debate on new forms of organization of an editorial environment

Entre quatro paredes: histórias da violência praticada dentro de casa

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Desenvolvimento de experiências de acionamento e controle do movimento angular de motores de indução trifásico

This paper aims to show practical and effectiveexperiencesfor lessons Industrial Automation Laboratory taught inundergraduate degreein ElectricalEngineering from the University Júlio MesquitaFilho - UNESP, Guaratinguetá. Experiments carriedsimulatecontrol and drive systems of electric three phase induction motors (MIT)widely usedinindustries. The experiments simulate a manufacturing environment where there isa need to control the activation and continuous operation ofelectricmotors. Seven experimentsthat simulatethe firing of electrical motors through a controlsystem, a driver along with asimulator loads coupled to the electric motor was developed. Experiments usinga Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as acontroller,an inverter frequencyasdriver, and MagneticBrake, as simulatorengine loads . The experiments were divided accordingto the speed reference signal used fordrivingand operating the electric motor: digital and analog. The first five experiments performing the drive control and operation of the electric motor via digital signals. The sixth and seventh experiments using an analog signal as a reference speed for the electric motor

Proposta de plano de marketing para os serviços de acolhimento a visitantes na igreja de Frei Galvão e Guaratinguetá (SP)

This work contains a preliminary marketing plan for host services on Frei Galvão’s Church in Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil. It started from the analysis of the current situation and of a study on visitors’ profiles. The development of the marketing plan proposal used the methodology of the 7 P’s of service marketing. The studies brought some relevant results, as they have indicated a lack of restaurants, adequate signalization, restrooms and a good parking lot. The studies have also shown that the host services managers lack data about number of visitors and about the distribution of pills. These results allowed the author to elaborate some strategies and formulate the proposal here presented

Mudanças ambientais e desdobramentos evolutivos durante o paleogeno

O Paleogeno é um dos períodos da Era Cenozóica, que se distribui entre 65,5 a 23,03 milhões de anos, se localizando logo após o fim da Era Mesozóica, sucedendo o período Cretáceo. Paleoceno, Eoceno e Oligoceno são as épocas que compõem o Período Paleogeno. O Paleogeno pode ser definido como um período de clima quente quando analisado sob a óptica de toda a história geológica. As médias de temperatura para o período superam as temperaturas médias modernas em cerca de 10°C. Durante o Paleogeno também pode se observar eventos drásticos de aumento da temperatura do planeta, sendo possível traçar um paralelo, com o atual aquecimento global ocasionado pelo aumento da emissão de gases do efeito estufa, resguardado suas claras diferenças. A fronteira entre Cretáceo e Paleogeno se caracteriza pela segunda maior extinção da História Geológica do Planeta. Em conseqüência vivencia uma das mais importantes radiações filogenéticas, em todos os ambientes, em particular nos continentais terrestres, caracterizada pela explosão evolutiva dos mamíferos, que exploravam os nichos ecológicos deixados vagos pelo desaparecimento da maior parte dos arcossauromorfos mesozóicos. Somado a isto, no Paleogeno ocorreram importantes mudanças ambientais, abrangendo aspectos geotectônicos e climáticos, que levaram flora e fauna paleogênicas a sofrerem diversas modificações, a fim de se adaptarem ao novo cenário presente no Planeta.

Análise microestrutural de tubos API P110, para prospecção de petróleo e gás, soldados pelo processo HF/ERW

On the grounds of the great advances achieved over recent years, the process HF/ERW (High-Frequency/Electric Resistance Welding)welded pipe have played an active role in the oil and gas industry for deep water applications, at high and extremely low temperatures, under high pressure and in highly corrosive environments, gradually replacing manufactured pipes by other processes. However, studies have shown that defects in the welded joints are a the leading causes of pipelines failures, which has required the determination of toughness values in this region, in compliance with the strict recommendations of the codes and standards with manufacturers and construction companies, on the oil and gas sector. As part of the validation process required toughness values, this research project focuses on a microstructural analysis in HF / ERW tubes microalloyed, steel grade API 5CT P110, designed to explore oil and gas in deep waters, the subject of strategic relevance to the country because of the recent discoveries in the Santos mega fields: Tupi and Libra (pre-salt). In this scientific work will be presented and discussed the results of mechanical tensile and Charpy, a few CTOD tests curves (showing the trend of toughness values to be obtained), and the microstructures of the base material obtained by optical microscopy, with special emphasis on the formation of nonmetallic inclusions in the welded joint

Deslocamento de caráter em hilídeos neotropicais (anura: hylidae)

The interspecific competition tends to favor the selection of divergent phenotypes minimizing the effect of this interaction. This process is termed character displacement and it is considered one of the main mechanisms promoting adaptive diversification. Brazil has the greatest diversity of amphibians on the planet and despite this great diversity; the role of character displacement in the process of Brazilian amphibian fauna diversification has not been studied. In the present study we tested the hypothesis of character displacement in four congeneric species pairs of frogs from the family Hylidae, occurring in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado. We find evidence of character displacement for two pairs and parallel evolution for the remaining. Interestingly, the trend of character displacement was in species whose range covers less stable habitats. Since this is a pioneering study with neotropical hylid, we discussed issues considered relevant to elucidate mechanisms related to the maintenance of diversity