985 resultados para Toxin


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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Experimentos foram desenvolvidos para estudar as taxas de alimentação e de sobrevivência de Artemia salina alimentada com cepas não tóxicas do dinoflagelado Gyrodinium corsicum e da Chryptophyta Rhodomonas baltica. As taxas de filtração sobre R. baltica e G. corsicum variaram entre 3,35 e 7,14 ml.artemia-1.h-1 e 2,97 e 15,86 ml.artemia-1.h-, respectivamente. As taxas de ingestão observadas para A. salina não indicaram disfunção digestiva ou prejuízo fisiológico nos organismos alimentados com G. corsicum, sendo a resposta funcional destes organismos similar a observada em copépodos alimentados com diferentes concentrações de alimento. As taxas de mortalidade de A. salina oscilaram entre 2,5 e 100% quando alimentada com R. baltica e G. corsicum, respectivamente. As maiores taxas de mortalidade observadas para os organismos alimentados com G. corsicum indicam que este dinoflagelado apresenta algum efeito nocivo sobre A. salina, embora não tenha sido possível confirmar se sua origem está relacionada com a produção de toxinas ou com a inadequação nutritiva deste dinoflagelado para alimentação de organismos desta espécie.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

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The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most important pests of maize. Various studies are conducted for their management, integrating chemical and biological control tactics as well as resistant plants. In order to offer alternatives for an efficient management of this pest with minimal use of pesticides, the technology of genetically modified plants resistant to insects has been widely studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the natural infestation of larvae of S. frugiperda and their injuries under field conditions in transgenic maize hybrids compared to their conventional isogenic counterparts at two sowing dates and two regions. The hybrids were planted in the off season of 2010 in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, and the summer of 2010/2011 in Jaboticabal, and Pindorama, SP, in a randomized block with seven treatments (hybrids) and four replications. Different levels of infestation of larvae occurred throughout the phenological development of plants in conventional and genetically modified hybrids with significant differences between the two groups in most evaluations. The hybrid 2B710HX was the least infested with caterpillars and had the least damaged leaf area. It follows that the Cry1F toxin was the most effective in protecting the plant in relation to other toxic proteins expressed by the other Bt hybrids against infestation and damage promoted by this pest, regardless of time of sowing.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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We studied the molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus strains potentially toxigenic, isolated from the production process of Minas frescal cheese in a small dairy plant in the state of São Paulo. For this, samples were taken during the period from June 2008 to July 2009. Samples were collected from the surface of the receiving and storage tanks of raw milk, the surface of the balance tank of pasteurized milk, the water supply system, the pipes and equipments, the hands of the handler and from the packaged cheese, totaling 140 samples. The colonies isolated on Baird-Parker Agar confirmed as Gram positive and positive for catalase, coagulase and acetoin production, were submitted to extraction of bacterial DNA using the Invitek - Uniscience® kit. Confirmation of the isolated species and enterotoxins SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and TSST-1 toxin was carried out through the amplification of specific fragments of chromosomal DNA. Among the 74 strains of isolated coagulase-positive staphylococci, only 41 (55.4%) strains were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus, of which 25 (61.0%) were positive to the presence of staphylococcal toxins. The most frequently identified enterotoxin was SEA. The toxigenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus were more frequently isolated from hands of the handler (16.0%), raw milk receiving tank (12.0%), pasteurized milk for cheese making (12.0%) and fresh white cheese ready for consumption (12.0%).

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Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)