Plano de ação para controlar/reduzir a alta incidência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica na UBS Nova Pampulha II em Ribeirão das Neves / Minas Gerais

Na Atenção Primária a Saúde a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica representa um grave problema de saúde é um fator de risco bem estabelecido para todas as doenças cardiovasculares e acidente vascular cerebral encefálico. Este trabalho está baseado pela alta prevalência e incidência desta doença na PSF Nova Pampulha II. Foi realizado um diagnóstico situacional na comunidade, através do método da Estimativa Rápida, onde houve a priorização dos problemas encontrados. Logo após, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados LILACS, BIREME, SciELO e com os descritores: "Hipertensão Arterial", "Fatores de Risco" e "Estilos de Vida", selecionando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2015. A equipe propõe a elaboração de um plano de ação para realizar ações para diminuir/controlar a HAS e minimizar os riscos de complicações dessa doença sobre a área de abrangência. O plano de ação seguiu o método Planejamento Estratégico Situacional, o qual permitiu conhecer as principais causas do problema, fazer a priorização dos que serão enfrentados, fazer a seleção dos nos críticos e após um desenho das operações, diante avaliação e identificação dos recursos necessários foi reconhecida a viabilidade da intervenção proposta que objetiva reduzir a incidência de HAS na população assistida e a criação do plano operativo. O plano de ação será feito com a participação da equipe multidisciplinar. As principais ações a realizar são de promoção e prevenção em saúde para modificar hábitos e estilos de vida envolvendo toda a população desde idades precoces, reduzindo fatores de risco e a mesmo tempo reduzindo a incidência da hipertensão arterial. De forma geral a modificação dos fatores de riscos associados à HAS e a chave da redução da incidência de HA na população.

Projeto de intervenção para o combate à incidência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica na população atendida pela Equipe de Saúde da Família areias II do município Ribeirão das Neves

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é considerada atualmente, um dos mais importantes fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. É uma doença crônica insidiosa que evolui silenciosamente, constituindo um risco para o surgimento das doenças cerebrovasculares, cardíacas e renais. Dai a importância de um tratamento adequado com mudanças no estilo de vida das pessoas e manutenção rigorosa da terapêutica medicamentosa. Pela "Equipe de Saúde da Família Areias II" foi identificado como importante problema de saúde a existência de um grande número de pessoas portadoras de HAS descompensada. A identificação deste problema estimulou a realização do presente trabalho que tem como objetivo elaborar um plano de intervenção para diminuir a incidência de Hipertensão Arterial Descompensada na população adscrita. Foram propostas estratégias para estimular mudanças nos hábitos e estilos de vida dos pacientes e aumentar o conhecimento das mesmas sobre a doença e suas consequências. O plano de intervenção tem embasamento no método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional, sendo que para o reconhecimento do território e definição do problema utilizou-se o método da Estimativa Rápida Participativa. Espera-se que a partir das ações, desenhadas com a intenção de enfrentar as causas principais do problema identificado, possam ser alcançados resultados, que elevarão a qualidade de vida dos hipertensos da área de abrangência.

Plano de intervenção para diminuir o risco de complicações da hipertensão arterial na área de abrangência do PSF "Vereda", em Ribeirão das Neves- Minas Gerais

Ribeirão das Neves faz parte da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Ela está situada a 32 km a noroeste da Capital e possui um número aproximado de 94.791 domicílios e 85.239 famílias.. Após análise da Equipe de Saúde da Família Veredas constatou-se um número elevado de pacientes com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS), com alta prevalência e baixas taxas de controle, e por isso foi considerado um dos problemas mais importantes da saúde pública, e a principal causa de mortalidade cardiovascular. É a doença crônica que ocasiona o maior número de consultas nos sistemas de saúde, e o seu controle representa um importante impacto a nível mundial, tanto econômico como social. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um projeto de intervenção para diminuir o risco de complicações da Hipertensão Arterial nos pacientes residentes na área de abrangência da Equipe de Saúde da Família Vereda. Realizou-se a identificação dos problemas através de uma Estimativa Rápida, e após a priorização dos mesmos e identificação dos respectivos "nós críticos", se estabeleceu o plano, fundamentado no Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES). Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura a partir do banco de dados do Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Ribeirão das Neves e sites de busca, como: Cientifica Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). O projeto representa um grande desafio para nós, pois através de medidas de prevenção dos agravos conseguiremos diminuir a incidência da doença crônica não transmissível, assim como os riscos de complicações

Plano de intervenção para diminuir o elevado número de usuários com o risco de desenvolver o diabetes mellitus no PSF Landi I, Ribeirão das Neves - MG

O município de Ribeirão das Neves está localizado na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, a 32 km da capital, e possui uma população de 296.317 pessoas. A Equipe de Saúde da Família Landi I fez o diagnostico situacional, e identificou vários problemas de saúde dando prioridade ao elevado número de usuários com risco de desenvolver diabetes mellitus. A prevenção do Diabetes Mellitus envolve várias medidas para diminuir os fatores de risco. O objetivo deste trabalho é diminuir o elevado número de usuários com risco de desenvolver Diabetes Mellitus com a criação de um plano de intervenção para a realização de ações de promoção e prevenção de saúde. Por meio do método de estimativa rápida foram identificados e ranqueados os principais problemas que afetam a comunidade. Após a priorização do problema e identificação dos respectivos "nós críticos", o plano foi feito fundamentado no Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES). Inicialmente foi realizada a revisão da literatura a respeito do tema proposto utilizando bases de dados online Lilacs e Scielo, com os seguintes descritores: educação em saúde, fatores de risco e diabetes mellitus. Em síntese, o autocuidado em relação ao diabetes mellitus e as doenças associadas, a educação em saúde, a prática sistemática de exercícios físicos, e a dieta adequada, constituem importantes pilares para controlar os usuários com risco a desenvolver o Diabetes.

Adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica de usuários do programa saúde da família Darcy Ribeiro em Contagem/Minas Gerais

Este estudo tem como objetivos identificar a taxa de adesão de hipertensos ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial de usuários com quadro de HAS descom-pensada, residentes na area de abrangencia do PSF Darcy Ribeiro no Municí-pio Contagem/MG e descrever as suas possíveis dificuldades para aderir ao tratamento para o controle da doença e melhorar o cuidado. Foram estudados 414 pacientes hipertensos cadastrados no Programa Hiperdia e usuários do serviço. Foi significativa a alta prevalência de usuários com HAS descontro-lada por não adesão ao tratamento. Tais resultados demonstram que esta população apresenta riscos significativos para os órgãos alvo e para a sua qualidade de vida, requerendo elaborar um plano de intervenção que promova a adesao ao tratamento dos usuários com HAS descompensada. Foi realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e IBECS, utilizando os descritores: hipertensão, prevenção e controle, estratégia saúde da família, planejamento em saúde. Para a elaboração do Plano de Ação foi utilizado o método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES). Este tipo de planejamento, por meio da elaboração de ações estratégicas necessárias ao controle da doença, é importante na atenção básica, já que permite incentivar o tratamento contínuo e adequado, bem como promover e estimular a mudança nos hábitos de vida e fortalecer o vinculo com o paciente. O vinculo entre a Equipe da Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF) e os indivíduos favorece a continuidade do tratamento das doenças crônicas, efetividade dos planos de ação, melhorias em saúde e resolubilidade da atenção.

Pipkiiα Is Widely Expressed In Hematopoietic-derived Cells And May Play A Role In The Expression Of Alpha- And Gamma-globins In K562 Cells.

Characterized for the first time in erythrocytes, phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIP kinases) belong to a family of enzymes that generate various lipid messengers and participate in several cellular processes, including gene expression regulation. Recently, the PIPKIIα gene was found to be differentially expressed in reticulocytes from two siblings with hemoglobin H disease, suggesting a possible relationship between PIPKIIα and the production of globins. Here, we investigated PIPKIIα gene and protein expression and protein localization in hematopoietic-derived cells during their differentiation, and the effects of PIPKIIα silencing on K562 cells. PIPKIIα silencing resulted in an increase in α and γ globins and a decrease in the proliferation of K562 cells without affecting cell cycle progression and apoptosis. In conclusion, using a cell line model, we showed that PIPKIIα is widely expressed in hematopoietic-derived cells, is localized in their cytoplasm and nucleus, and is upregulated during erythroid differentiation. We also showed that PIPKIIα silencing can induce α and γ globin expression and decrease cell proliferation in K562 cells.

Desquamation Is A Novel Phenomenon For Collective Prostate Epithelial Cell Deletion After Castration.

The mechanism underlying castration-induced prostate regression, which is a classical physiological concept translated into the therapeutic treatment of advanced prostate cancer, involves epithelial cell apoptosis. In searching for events and mechanisms contributing to prostate regression in response to androgen modulation, we have frequently observed the collective deletion of epithelial cells. This work was undertaken to characterize this phenomenon hereafter named desquamation and to verify its presence after 17β-estradiol (E2) administration. Electron microscopy revealed that the desquamating cells had preserved cell-cell junctions and collapsed nuclear contents. The TUNEL reaction was negative for these cells, which were also negative for cleaved caspases-8, -9, -3 and nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor. Detailed analyses revealed that the condensed chromatin was first affected detaching from the nuclear lamina, which was observable after lamin A immunohistochemistry, suggesting the lack of lamin A degradation. A search in animals treated with supraphysiological E2 employed as an alternative anti-androgen treatment revealed no desquamation. The combined treatment (Cas + E2 group) caused changes particular to each treatment, including desquamation. In conclusion, desquamation appeared as a novel phenomenon contributing to collective prostate epithelial cell deletion, distinct from the classical castration-induced apoptosis and particular to the androgen deprivation resulting from surgical castration, and should be considered as part of the mechanisms promoting organ regression.

Taurine Supplementation Increases K(atp) Channel Protein Content, Improving Ca2+ Handling And Insulin Secretion In Islets From Malnourished Mice Fed On A High-fat Diet.

Pancreatic β-cells are highly sensitive to suboptimal or excess nutrients, as occurs in protein-malnutrition and obesity. Taurine (Tau) improves insulin secretion in response to nutrients and depolarizing agents. Here, we assessed the expression and function of Cav and KATP channels in islets from malnourished mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) and supplemented with Tau. Weaned mice received a normal (C) or a low-protein diet (R) for 6 weeks. Half of each group were fed a HFD for 8 weeks without (CH, RH) or with 5% Tau since weaning (CHT, RHT). Isolated islets from R mice showed lower insulin release with glucose and depolarizing stimuli. In CH islets, insulin secretion was increased and this was associated with enhanced KATP inhibition and Cav activity. RH islets secreted less insulin at high K(+) concentration and showed enhanced KATP activity. Tau supplementation normalized K(+)-induced secretion and enhanced glucose-induced Ca(2+) influx in RHT islets. R islets presented lower Ca(2+) influx in response to tolbutamide, and higher protein content and activity of the Kir6.2 subunit of the KATP. Tau increased the protein content of the α1.2 subunit of the Cav channels and the SNARE proteins SNAP-25 and Synt-1 in CHT islets, whereas in RHT, Kir6.2 and Synt-1 proteins were increased. In conclusion, impaired islet function in R islets is related to higher content and activity of the KATP channels. Tau treatment enhanced RHT islet secretory capacity by improving the protein expression and inhibition of the KATP channels and enhancing Synt-1 islet content.

Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw: A Review Of The Literature.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a class of drugs used to treat osteoporosis and malignant bone metastasis. BPs show high binding capacity to the bone matrix, especially in sites of active bone metabolism. The American Society for Bone and Mineral Research defines BRONJ as an area of exposed bone in the maxillofacial region that has not healed within 8 weeks after identification by a healthcare provider in a patient who is receiving or has been exposed to a bisphosphonate and has not had radiation therapy to the craniofacial region. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) can adversely affect quality of life, as it may produce significant morbidity. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) considers as vitally important that information on BRONJ be disseminated to other dental and medical specialties. The purpose of this work is to offer a perspective on how dentists should manage patients on BPs, to show the benefits of accurately diagnosing BRONJ, and to present diagnostic aids and treatments strategies for the condition.

Profile Of The Use Of Disease Modifying Drugs In The Brazilian Registry Of Spondyloarthritides.

Few studies have evaluated the profile of use of disease modifying drugs (DMD) in Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). A common research protocol was applied prospectively in 1505 patients classified as SpA by criteria of the European Spondyloarthropathies Study Group (ESSG), followed at 29 referral centers in Rheumatology in Brazil. Demographic and clinical variables were obtained and evaluated, by analyzing their correlation with the use of DMDs methotrexate (MTX) and sulfasalazine (SSZ). At least one DMD was used by 73.6% of patients: MTX by 29.2% and SSZ by 21.7%, while 22.7% used both drugs. The use of MTX was significantly associated with peripheral involvement, and SSZ was associated with axial involvement, and the two drugs were more administered, separately or in combination, in the mixed involvement (p < 0.001). The use of a DMD was significantly associated with Caucasian ethnicity (MTX , p = 0.014), inflammatory back pain (SSZ, p = 0.002) , buttock pain (SSZ, p = 0.030), neck pain (MTX, p = 0.042), arthritis of the lower limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), arthritis of the upper limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), enthesitis (p = 0.007), dactylitis (MTX, p < 0.001), inflammatory bowel disease (SSZ, p < 0.001) and nail involvement (MTX, p < 0.001). The use of at least one DMD was reported by more than 70% of patients in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA, with MTX use more associated with peripheral involvement and the use of SSZ more associated with axial involvement.

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type Ii: Identification Of 30 Novel Mutations Among Latin American Patients.

In this study, 103 unrelated South-American patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) were investigated aiming at the identification of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) disease causing mutations and the possibility of some insights on the genotype-phenotype correlation The strategy used for genotyping involved the identification of the previously reported inversion/disruption of the IDS gene by PCR and screening for other mutations by PCR/SSCP. The exons with altered mobility on SSCP were sequenced, as well as all the exons of patients with no SSCP alteration. By using this strategy, we were able to find the pathogenic mutation in all patients. Alterations such as inversion/disruption and partial/total deletions of the IDS gene were found in 20/103 (19%) patients. Small insertions/deletions/indels (<22 bp) and point mutations were identified in 83/103 (88%) patients, including 30 novel mutations; except for a higher frequency of small duplications in relation to small deletions, the frequencies of major and minor alterations found in our sample are in accordance with those described in the literature.

Trypanosoma Cruzi Strains From Triatomine Collected In Bahia And Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.

Collection of triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic environments in states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Northeastern and Southern Brazil respectively, and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi strains. First, the captured triatomines were identified using insect identification keys, then their intestinal content was examined by abdominal compression, and the samples containing trypanosomatid forms were inoculated in LIT medium and Swiss mice. Six triatomine species were collected in cities in Bahia, namely Panstrongylus geniculatus (01), Triatoma melanocephala (11), T. lenti (94), T. pseudomaculata (02), T. sherlocki (26) and T. sordida (460), and two in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, namely T. circummaculata (11) and T. rubrovaria (115). Out of the specimens examined, T. cruzi was isolated from 28 triatomine divided into four different species: T. melanocephala (one), T. lenti (one), T. rubrovaria (16) and T. sordida (10). Their index of natural infection by T. cruzi was 6.4%. The isolation of T. cruzi strains from triatomines found in domestic and peridomestic areas shows the potential risk of transmission of Chagas disease in the studied cities. The maintenance of those T. cruzi strains in laboratory is intended to promote studies that facilitate the understanding of the parasite-vector-host relationship.

High Diagnostic Accuracy And Reproducibility Of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology For Diagnosing Salivary Gland Tumors: Cytohistologic Correlation In 182 Cases.

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and reproducibility of the cytologic diagnosis of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The study aimed to determine diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and to evaluate the extent of interobserver agreement. We retrospectively evaluated SGTs from the files of the Division of Pathology at the Clinics Hospital of São Paulo and Piracicaba Dental School between 2000 and 2006. We performed cytohistologic correlation in 182 SGTs. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were 94%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. The interobserver cytologic reproducibility showed significant statistical concordance (P < .0001). FNAC is an effective tool for performing a reliable preoperative diagnosis in SGTs and shows high diagnostic accuracy and consistent interobserver reproducibility. Further FNAC studies analyzing large samples of malignant SGTs and reactive salivary lesions are needed to confirm their accuracy.

[the Use Of Fish On Buccal Smear To Investigate Mosaicism With A 45,x Cell Line: Study On Healthy Men And Patients With Disorders Of Sex Development].

To verify whether fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of cells from the buccal epithelium could be employed to detect cryptomosaicism with a 45,X lineage in 46,XY patients. Samples of nineteen 46,XY healthy young men and five patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), four 45,X/46,XY and one 46,XY were used. FISH analysis with X and Y specific probes on interphase nuclei from blood lymphocytes and buccal epithelium were analyzed to investigate the proportion of nuclei containing only the signal of the X chromosome. The frequency of nuclei containing only the X signal in the two tissues of healthy men did not differ (p = 0.69). In all patients with DSD this frequency was significantly higher, and there was no difference between the two tissues (p = 0.38), either. Investigation of mosaicism with a 45,X cell line in patients with 46,XY DSD or sterility can be done by FISH directly using cells from the buccal epithelium.

Fat Substitutes In Processing Of Sausages Using Piramutaba Waste.

The aim of this study was to evaluate fat substitute in processing of sausages prepared with surimi of waste from piramutaba filleting. The formulation ingredients were mixed with the fat substitutes added according to a fractional planning 2(4-1), where the independent variables, manioc starch (Ms), hydrogenated soy fat (F), texturized soybean protein (Tsp) and carrageenan (Cg) were evaluated on the responses of pH, texture (Tx), raw batter stability (RBS) and water holding capacity (WHC) of the sausage. Fat substitutes were evaluated in 11 formulations and the results showed that the greatest effects on the responses were found to Ms, F and Cg, being eliminated from the formulation Tsp. To find the best formulation for processing piramutaba sausage was made a complete factorial planning of 2(3) to evaluate the concentrations of fat substitutes in an enlarged range. The optimum condition found for fat substitutes in the sausages formulation were carrageenan (0.51%), manioc starch (1.45%) and fat (1.2%).