954 resultados para Missouri. State Tax Commission (1945- )
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The Nyasaland Emergency in 1959 proved a decisive turning point in the history of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, which from 1953 to 1963 brought together the territories of Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), Southern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Nyasaland (Malawi) under a settler-dominated federal government. The British and Nyasaland governments defended the emergency by claiming to have gathered intelligence which showed that the Nyasaland African Congress was preparing a campaign of sabotage and murder. The Devlin Commission, appointed to investigate the emergency, dismissed the evidence of a murder plot, criticised the Nyasaland government's handling of the Emergency and, notoriously, described Nyasaland as a police state. This article has two principal aims. First, using the recently declassified papers of the Intelligence and Security Department (ISD) of the Colonial Office, it seeks to provide the first detailed account of what the British government knew of the intelligence relating to the murder plot and how they assessed it, prior to the outbreak of the emergency. It demonstrates that officials in the ISD and members of the Security Service adopted a far more cautious attitude towards the intelligence than did Conservative ministers, and had greater qualms about allowing it into the public domain to justify government policy. Second, the article examines the implications of Devlin's use of the phrase police state for Nyasaland and for the late colonial state in general. It contrasts Devlin's use of the term with that of security experts in the ISD, who routinely applied it to policing systems that diverged from their own preferred model. Hence, whereas Devlin compared policing in Nyasaland unfavourably with that in Southern Rhodesia, implying, ironically, that Nyasaland was under-policed (because there were fewer police per head of population in Nyasaland than in Southern Rhodesia), the ISD regarded the intensive system of policing operated by the British South Africa Police in Southern Rhodesia as characteristic of a police state. The article suggests that the frequent use of the term police state was indicative of broader anxieties about what Britain's legacy would be for the post-independence African state.
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Both sexes of a new genus and species of Ectinosomatidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from sublittoral sediments collected on the inner continental shelf in Ubatuba, Sao Paulo State (Brazil) are described in detail. Chaulionyx gen. n. (type species: C. paivacarvalhoi sp. n.) differs from all known genera in the presence of a conspicuous bifid spine on the prehensile P1 endopod. It can be differentiated from other genera with a prehensile endopod (Halophytophilus Brian, 1919; Bradyellopsis Brian, 1925; Klieosoma Hicks & Schriever, 1985) by the presence of distinctive subrectangular middorsal pores on the urosomites and the unarmed male sixth legs. The genus Lineosoma Wells, 1965 is recognized as a paraphyletic taxon and relegated to a junior subjective synonym of Noodtiella Wells, 1965. Arenosetella pectinata Chappuis, 1954a is removed from its floating position in Ectinosomoides Nicholls, 1945, transferred to the genus Noodtiella as N. pectinata comb. n. and considered the senior subjective synonym of N. toukae Mitwally & Montagna, 2001. Dichotomous keys are provided for the identification of the 18 valid species of Noodtiella and the 21 valid genera of the family Ectinosomatidae. Halophytophilus aberrans Wells & Rao, 1987 is placed species incertae sedis in the family.
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Recent advances in dynamic Mirrlees economies have incorporated the treatment of human capital investments as an important dimension of government policy. This paper adds to this literature by considering a two period economy where agents are di erentiated by their preferences for leisure and their productivity, both private information. The fact that productivity is only learnt later in an agent's life introduces uncertainty to agent's savings and human capital choices and makes optimal the use of multi-period tie-ins in the mechanism that characterizes the government policy. We show that optimal policies are often interim ine cient and that the introduction of these ine ciencies may take the form of marginal tax rates on labor income of varying sign and educational policies that include the discouragement of human capital acquisition. With regards to implementation, state-dependent linear taxes implement optimal savings, while human capital policies may require labor income taxes that depend directly on agents' schooling.
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Esta diss.ertao apresenta urna anlise das nonnas dis.ciplin~ res que regul am a conduta das cri anas e adolescentes, e que se consti tuem como tecnicas de adestramento e~ercidas sobre a referida populao, por duas instncias de poder: o Estado e a Escola. As regras. de conduta que fundam o regime escolar sao analis~ das no mbito das prescries dis.ciplinares vigentes noColegio Santo In! cio do Rio de Janeiro - dirigido pelos jesultas -, no perlodo de 1937-45 e contidas em alguns documentos dessa instituio, como Regulamento, Es tatutos e Anurios. Antes elaboramos. entretanto, uma genealogia da pr~ pria disciplina escolar jesultica. atraves da anlise de discurso de trs documentos bsicos da Companhia de Jesus, redigidos durante o seco XVI: As COY/J.).:tU.u.ie6, o Ra..ti.o StucLi.olUlm e os Exe.lLc1cio~ E~p.tw.6, onde se destaca uma nltida dimenso pedaggica e normativa. Circunscrevemos a anlise das regras disciplinares do Colegio Santo Incio aos anos de 1937-45, visto tal perlodo marcar a vigncia do Estado-Novo no Brasil, quando so instituldos uma serie de dispositivos visando enquadrar e nonnatizar a populao infanto-juvenil, e que se en contram consubstanciados em textos como: a Constituio de 37, nos capl tulos onde dispe Da Famllia, Da Educao e Da Cultura (art. 122-134); a Exposio de Motivos da Lei Orgnica do Ensino Secundrio, de l/4J42; e artigos publicados na Revista Cu.f;twr.a Po.e1:ca - que funcionou como uma especie de tribuna do governo central -, que tratam de temas como nigi! ne, disciplina, sanidade e moralizao das crianas e adolescentes. Na anlise das relaes existentes entre Escola e Estado,not~ damente no que se refere a imposio de um padro de conduta, concl ulmos que o aparelho escolar possui uma autonomia relativa com relaao ao ap~ re 1 ho de E s ta do .
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Os primeiros anos da poltica nuclear brasileira, entre os anos de 1945 e 1956, o assunto tratado no presente trabalho. Aqui procuramos compreender as razes por trs da vitria de lvaro Alberto na CPI da Questo Nuclear de 1956, na qual as suas propostas para o setor foram valorizadas e restabelecidas, mesmo aps o Almirante ter sofrido derrotas durante o governo Caf Filho (1954-55), quando foi exonerado da presidncia do CNPq e teve a sua poltica atmica suspensa. O trabalho conclui que a vitria foi possvel graas ao fato de as suas diretrizes para a rea nuclear terem ressonncia junto a diversos setores da sociedade brasileira adeptos do monoplio estatal sobre os recursos naturais e de um desenvolvimento cientfico e tecnolgico em bases autnomas; alm de uma conjuntura poltica excepcional no incio do governo de Juscelino Kubitschek, marcado por forte polarizao poltica, na qual o assunto nuclear ganhou projeo nacional. Com a sua vitria na CPI de 1956, lvaro Alberto logrou definir os termos debate sobre a poltica a ser adotada na rea atmica pelos anos e dcadas seguintes.
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O fim do ano de 2014 marcou o segundo aniversrio da Resoluo 13/2012 (R13) do Senado brasileiro. Grosso modo, R13 constituiu-se de um normativo do Senado cujo objetivo era o de por um fim na Guerra Fiscal dos Portos (FWP), uma competio fiscal entre os estados que se d atravs da concesso de benefcios fiscais sobre operaes interestaduais com mercadorias importadas de modo a atrair empresas importadoras para o territrio do estado concedente. R13 diminuiu o nvel da tributao sobre tais operaes, esperando com isso diminuir os lucros auferidos e a propenso das firmas de aceitarem tais regimes especiais de incentivao fiscal. Nada obstante, R13 gerou uma grande discusso sobre se os benefcios da atrao de investimentos para um estado em particular superariam ou no os custos que esse estado incorreria em renunciar receitas tributrias em razo concesso desses benefcios fiscais. O objetivo do presente trabalho o de dar uma contribuio a essa discusso, testando se um comportamento de interao estratgica entre estados, tal como aquele que supostamente ocorre no contexto da FWP, de fato emerge dos dados de importao coletados de janeiro de 2010 a maio de 2015, e, tambm, testando se a R13 de fato afetou tal comportamento de interao estratgica. Utiliza-se aqui um modelo de econometria espacial, no qual se especifica uma matriz de pesos que agrega o nvel de importao das jurisdies concorrentes, organizando os dados em um painel de efeitos fixos. Os resultados sugerem que existe um comportamento de interao estratgica entre os estados e que a R13 de fato impactou tal comportamento.
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Adenocalymma ubatubensis, a new species from southeastern coastal Brazil, is described and illustrated. The species is distinguished by its large pseudostipules and calyx without nectaries.
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Based on recent surveys of the freshwater decapod fauna, distributional data of five exotic species of freshwater decapod crustaceans for the hydrographic basins of the state of So Paulo are presented, as part of a large initiative for a comprehensive survey of the state's biodiversity (BIOTA-FAPESP Program). These species are the North American crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard) (Cambaridae), the crab Dilocarcinus pagei Stimpson (Trichodactylidae) from the Amazon and Paraguay/lower Parana River Basins, and the palaemonid shrimps Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man), from the Indo-Pacific region, Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller) and Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers), both from the Orinoco, Amazon and the Paraguay/lower Parana River Basins. Possible modes by which their introduction might have occurred are commented upon and potential consequences are discussed.
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Includes bibliography
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This overview paper summarizes the objectives of the Tropical Convection and Cirrus Brasil project, as well as those of the European Commission sponsored HIBISCUS and TROCCINOX projects, which conducted a joint field campaign in the State of So Paulo from January to March 2004. Emphasis is given on the description of different types of lidars and their deployment for obtaining meteorological data during the joint field campaign in 2004. Sociedad Espaola de ptica.
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Includes bibliography
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Includes bibliography
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This document was prepared by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC); and offers a description of the main trends in the development of official statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean and the principal challenges in that regard.The first chapter provides an analysis of the state of development of statistical production in the region, based on statistical information for 41 Latin American and Caribbean countries and eight specific areas. The institutional organization of national statistical systems in the region is also described. Chapter II examines the history and current status of mechanisms for regional and subregional coordination and of the Statistical Conference of the Americas of ECLAC. Chapter III describes the main challenges for official statistics in the countries of the region and the strategies that the Statistical Conference of the Americas and ECLAC propose to implement in order to address them.
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Includes bibliography
