pressure resistance of hollow glass fibers at internal pressure load

Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Fakultät für Maschinenbau, Univ., Dissertation, 2015

On convergence of the maximum likelihood estimator in adaptive designs

Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Fakultät für Mathematik, Dissertation, 2016

Nutrição mineral do Panicum maximum cv. Makueni I: cresimento, concentração e extração dos macronutrientes

O trabalho foi conduzido em área de pasto já formado e rebaixado, situado na Fazenda Canchim (UEPAE de São Carlos -EMBRAPA), São Carlos, SP, em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, fase arenosa. Com a finalidade de avaliar o crescimento, através da produção de matéria seca, a concentração e acúmulo de macronutriena partir dos 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos 180 dias. A área foi adubada com nitrogênio correspondendo à 250 kg de sulfato de amônio por hectare. Em intervalos de 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos 180 dias, foram coletadas quatro metros quadrados das plantas ao acaso, sem subdividir em folhas e caules. O material seca à 80°C, e analisado para N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S. A concentração de nitrogênio é máxima aos 30 dias com 1,62% e mínima aos 120 dias com 0,72%. A concentração de fósforo é máxima aos 180 dias com 0,87% e mínima aos 60 dias com 0,003%. A concentração de potássio é linear com as idades variando de 2,8% a 0,76% aos 180 dias. A concentração de cálcio é máxima aos 90 dias com 0,53%. Não há variação na concentração de magnésio em função da idade da planta. A concentração de enxofre varia de 0,14% aos 30 dias para um mínimo aos 120 dias com 0,07%. O acúmulo de fósforo, potássio, cálcio é máximo aos 90 dias. 0 acúmulo de magnésio é máximo aos 120 dias O acúmulo de enxofre é máximo aos 60 dias. A exportação de macronutrientes contida na produção máxima de 1425 kg de matéria seca por hectare obedece á seguinte ordem: potássio-30,4; nitrogênio -13,9 kg; cálcio-7,0 kg; magnésio-6,3kg; enxofre-1,3 kg; fósforo-1,2 kg.

Nutrição mineral do Panicum maximum cv. Makueni II: concentração e extração de micronutrientes

O trabalho foi conduzido em área de pasto já formado e rebaixado, situado na Fazenda Canchim (UEPAE de São Carlos EMBRAPA), São Carlos - SP, em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, fase arenosa. Com a finalidade de avaliar a concentração e acúmulo de micronutrientes a partir dos 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos 180 dias. A área foi adubada com nitrogênio correspondendo à 250 kg de sulfato de amônio por hectare. Em intervalos de 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos 180 dias, foram coletadas quatro metros quadrados das plantas ao acaso, sem sub dividir em folhas e caules O material seco à 80°C, foi analisado para Cu, Zn, B, Mn e Fe. Os autores concluíram que: . A concentração de cobre é mais elevada aos 30 dias com 7,63ppm. . A concentração de zinco é maxima aos 180 dias com 22,66 ppm e mínima aos 120 dias com 12, 42ppm . A concentração de boro e maxima aos 150 dias com 11,76 ppm e mínima aos 60 dias com 1,69 ppm. . A concentração de manganês é máxima aos 180 dias com 133,85 ppm e mínima aos 30 dias com 49,64 ppm. . A concentração de ferro é máxima aos 180 dias com 236,25 ppm e mínima aos 90 dias com 136,22ppm . O acúmulo de cobre é máximo aos 90 dias. . O acúmulo de boro de mangês é máximo aos 180 dias. . O acúmulo de zinco e ferro não diferiu nas diferentes idades. A exportação de micronutrientes contida na produção máxima de 1.425 kg de matéria seca por hectare obedece a seguinte ordem: ferro - 286 g; manganês - 157 g; zinco - 23g; boro - 13,2g e cobre 7,6 g.

Nutrição mineral do Panicum maximum cv. Makueni III: digestibilidade da materia seca

O presente trabalho foi conduzido em área de pasto já formado e rebaixado, situado na Fazenda Canchim (UEPAE de São Carlos-EMBRAPA), São Carlos - SP, em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, fase arenosa. Com a finalidade de avaliar o coeficiente de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca em função da idade, a partir dos 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos l80 dias. A área foi adubada com nitrogênio correspondendo à 250 kg de sulfato de amônio por hectare. Em intervalos de 30 dias após o rebaixamento até aos l80 dias, colhiam-se quatro metrosquadrados das plantas ao acaso, sem subdividir em folhas e caules No mate rial coletado foi determinado o coeficiente de digestibilidade invitro sobre vinte e quatro amostras com duas repetições. Os resultados mostram que o coeficiente de digestibilidade da matéria seca é máximo aos 30 dias com 51,9% e decresce aos 180 dias com 29,4%.

Nutrição mineral de gramíneas tropicais. I. Carências nutricionais de capim tobiatã (Panicum maximum jacq.)

Plantas de capim tobiati, em condições controladas, foram submetidas a tratamentos em soluções nutritivas completa e carentes em N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Se B, com o objetivo de se obter o quadro sintomatológico das carências, bem como os teores dos elementos no caule e folhas. Foi obtido o quadro sintomatológico de todas as carências. Os teores encontra dos nas folhas de plantas com sintomas e normais, foram os seguintes: N: 1,0 -2,06; P: 0,08-0,15; K: 0,47-2,99; Mg: 0,12-1,52; Ca: 0,19-1,18; S: 0,08-0,16; B: 15,11-95,55 (ppm).

Nutrição mineral de gramineas tropicais: II. carências de micronutrientes em capim tobiatã (Panicum maximum, Jacq.)

Durante oitenta e um dias, foi conduzido um experimento com omissão de micronutrientes, em casa de vegetação, visando estabelecer o quadro sintomatológico das deficiências nutricionais e verificar os efeitos da omissão dos micronutrientes na produção de matéria seca do capim tobiatã. Foram testados os tratamentos: completo, omissão de Fe, omissão de Cu, omissão de Mn e omissão de Zn. A produção de matéria seca obtida nos diferentes tratamentos foi: completo = 62,2 g; -Cu = 45,7 g; -Zn = 46,9 g; -B = 48,1 g; -Mn = 48,1 ge-Fe=48,8 g. A concentração média em ppm, determinada nas folhas novas em função dos tratamentos foi: +B = 19 ppm e -B = 23 ppm; +Cu = 2,0 ppm e -Cu = 0,8; +Fe = 79 ppm e -Fe = 81 ppm; + Mn = 42 ppm e -Mn 41 ppm; +Zn = 27 ppm e -Zn = 31 ppm. A soma total dos micronutrientes nas diversas partes em mg por tratamento foi: +B = 1221; -B = 1227; +Cu = 85; -Cu = 21; +Fe = 4734; -Fe = 2788; +Mn = 536; -Mn = 393; +Zn = 2273 e -Zn = 1444.

Contribuição à terapêutica do mal perfurante plantar: tratamento pela leprolina "Souza-Araujo" em injeções intra-ulcerosas

The writer, as medical director of Father Damien Leper Colony (Ubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil), treated 50 cases of perforating ulcers, from 2 to 40 years of duration, using the antigens prepared with acid-fast bacilli cultures obtained from leprous material by Dr. H. C. de Souza-Araujo. Dosage from 0,12 to 39,35 cm3, injected inside the ulcers, intramuscularly, every 2 to 4 days, accordingly to the patient reaction some of them presenting fever until 41° Centigrade. The result was cicatrization of the ulcers in 92% (46 out of 50) of the patients. The author concluded that the majority of his patients tolerate perfectly the medicine and that its efect was very eficient.

Pressure groups and experts in environmental regulation

We study a problem of adverse selection in the context of environmental regulation, where the firm may suffer from a certain degree of ignorance about its own type. In a framework like the construction of a certain infrastructure project, the presence of ignorance about its impact on the environment, can play an important role in the determination of the regulatory policy. First, an optimal contract is constructed for any exogenous level of ignorance. Second, the presence of potentially informed third-parties is studied from the perspective of the regulator, which allows us to analyze the impact on the efficiency of the contract, of the presence of environmentalists and of experts. Then, we obtain some insights on how the problem differs when the degree of ignorance is a choice variable for the firm. We finally use our results to derive policy implications concerning the existing envoronmental regulation, and the potential role of interested parties as information providers.

Estruturas silicosas na gramínea Panicum maximum

The silica structure of the grass Panicum maximum were studied by electron and phase contrast microscopy. Several interesting kinds of silica formation (spiklets) were found. The most ineresting structures ressembels the "Schaumstruktur" found by HELMCKE in diatoms. Another interesting structure was described in the "silica cells" and a detailed study of the mophology of some different kinds of spiklets was made.

Effect of high pressure processing on the microbiology of skin-vacuum packaged sliced meat products: cooked pork ham, dry cured pork ham and marinated beef loin

High hydrostatic pressure is being increasingly investigated in food processing. It causes microbial inactivation and therefore extends the shelf life and enhances the safety of food products. Yeasts, molds, and vegetative cells of bacteria can be inactivated by pressures in the range of 200 to 700 MPa. Microorganisms are more or less sensitive to pressure depending on several factors such as type, strain and the phase or state of the cells. In general, Gram-positive organisms are usually more resistant than Gram-negative. High pressure processing modifies the permeability of the cell membrane, the ion exchange and causes changes in morphology and biochemical reactions, protein denaturations and inhibition of genetic mechanisms. High pressure has been used successfully to extend the shelf life of high-acid foods such as refrigerated fruit juices, jellies and jams. There is now an increasing interest in the use of this technology to extend the shelf life of low-acid foods such as different types of meat products.

Bioequivalence of meat products treated with high pressure processing

The effects of high pressure on the composition of food products have not been evaluated extensively. Since, it is necessary to take in consideration the possible effects in basis to the changes induced in the bio molecules by the application of high pressures. The main effect on protein is the denaturation, because the covalent bonds are not affected; however hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and intermolecular interactions are modified or destroyed. 1 High pressure can modify the activity of some enzymes. If this is done the proteolysis and lipolysis could be more or less intense and the content of free amino acids and fatty acids will be different. This could be related to the bioavailability of these compounds. Low pressures (100 MPa) have been shown to activate some enzymes (monomeric enzymes). Higher pressures induce loss of the enzyme activity. However some enzymes are very stable (ex. Lipase ~ 600 - 1000 MPa). Lipoxygenase is less stable, and there is little information about the effects on antioxidant enzymes. Other important issue is the influence of high pressure on oxidation susceptibility. This could modify the composition of lipids if the degree of the oxidation would have been higher or lower than in the traditional product. Pressure produces the damage of cell membranes favouring the contact between substrates and enzymes, exposure to oxidation of membrane fatty acids and loos of the efficiency of vitamin E. These effects can also affect to protein oxidation. In this study different compounds were analysed to establish the differences between non-treated and high-pressure treated products.

Renal sodium handling and nighttime blood pressure.

Blood pressure follows a circadian rhythm with a physiologic 10% to 20% decrease during the night. There is now increasing evidence that a blunted decrease or an increase in nighttime blood pressure is associated with a greater prevalence of target organ damage and a faster disease progression in patients with chronic kidney diseases. Several factors contribute to the changes in nighttime blood pressure including changes in hormonal profiles such as variations in the activity of the renin-angiotensin and the sympathetic nervous systems. Recently, it was hypothesized that the absence of a blood pressure decrease during the nighttime (nondipping) is in fact a pressure-natriuresis mechanism enabling subjects with an impaired capacity to excrete sodium to remain in sodium balance. In this article, we review the clinical and epidemiologic data that tend to support this hypothesis. Moreover, we show that most, if not all, clinical conditions associated with an impaired dipping profile are diseases associated either with a low glomerular filtration rate and/or an impaired ability to excrete sodium. These observations would suggest that renal function, and most importantly the ability to eliminate sodium during the day, is indeed a key determinant of the circadian rhythm of blood pressure.

Metoprolol prevents sodium retention induced by lower body negative pressure in healthy men.

BACKGROUND: Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) has been shown to induce a progressive activation of neurohormonal systems, and a renal tubular and hemodynamic response that mimics the renal adaptation observed in congestive heart failure (CHF). As beta-blockers play an important role in the management of CHF patients, the effects of metoprolol on the renal response were examined in healthy subjects during sustained LBNP. METHODS: Twenty healthy male subjects were randomized in this double blind, placebo versus metoprolol 200 mg once daily, study. After 10 days of treatment, each subject was exposed to 3 levels of LBNP (0, -10, and -20 mbar) for 1 hour, each level of LBNP being separated by 2 days. Neurohormonal profiles, systemic and renal hemodynamics, as well as renal sodium handling were measured before, during, and after LBNP. RESULTS: Blood pressure and heart rate were significantly lower in the metoprolol group throughout the study (P < 0.01). GFR and RPF were similar in both groups at baseline, and no change in renal hemodynamic values was detected at any level of LBNP. However, a reduction in sodium excretion was observed in the placebo group at -20 mbar, whereas no change was detected in the metoprolol group. An increase in plasma renin activity was also observed at -20 mbar in the placebo group that was not observed with metoprolol. CONCLUSION: The beta-blocker metoprolol prevents the sodium retention induced by lower body negative pressure in healthy subjects despite a lower blood pressure. The prevention of sodium retention may be due to a blunting of the neurohormonal response. These effects of metoprolol on the renal response to LBNP may in part explain the beneficial effects of this agent in heart failure patients.

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in adolescent untreated hypertensive patients.

Ambulatory blood pressure profiles were obtained with the portable semi-automatic blood pressure recorder Remler M2000 in groups of 20 adolescents, 20 young and 20 middle-aged adults and 20 elderly untreated patients, all considered by their physician to be hypertensive. It was found that adolescents who are hypertensive when seeing their physician are more often normotensive outside the physician's office than adult and elderly patients under similar conditions. The increased heart rate variability which was detected in adolescents was not associated with an enhanced blood pressure variability.